• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.227-237
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• 2013

The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, is a generalist detritivore that is usually exploited for recycling environmental wastes, including food remnants. These insects can also be used to produce antibiotics for medical applications. For this purpose, flies need to be mass-reared using an automatic rearing system that generates various sounds. Insects use sound as a means of communication for mating or warning against predators. Thus, extrinsic sounds may interrupt the normal physiological processes of insects. In this study, we analyzed the physiological changes due to various sound treatments at $25^{\circ}C$ and 8:16 h (L:D) photoperiod. At 95 dB, larvae were exposed to different sound frequencies (0-5,000 Hz). The treated larvae were adversely affected by the high-frequency sounds and showed significant reduction in pupation and adult emergence. Different sound intensities (0-105 dB) at 5,000 Hz caused significant changes in the pupation and survival of the adults at 85 dB or above. Under a stress sound condition (5,000 Hz, 95 dB), the BSF larvae exhibited aberrations in the expression of genes related to the immune system and digestion. These results indicate that high-frequency sound treatments at or above 85 dB act as a stress sound to BSF development.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.492-500
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• 2015

Our previous report demonstrated successful isolation of soil-borne bacteria that suppressed the potential of Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2 (IV) causing turfgrass large patch disease when applied to Korean lawngrass (Zoysia japonica). The current study aimed to uncover the mechanisms of this antagonism of Rhizoctonia solani and to define culture conditions for the isolated microbes. We found that two Bacillus isolates, I-009 and FRIN-001-1 strains, produced cellulase and siderophore, but not chitinase, while the Pseudomonas YPIN-022 strain was found to release only siderophore, implying that three antagonistic bacteria commonly interrupt Fe uptake by the large patch pathogen. The I-009 and FRIN-001-1 isolates grew best at 35 and $30^{\circ}C$ in growth medium of pH 5 to 8 for 32 and 28 h, respectively, while optimum growth for the YPIN-022 strain was found at $35^{\circ}C$ at pH 5 to 9 for 24 h. Good growth of I-009 and YPIN-022 over 24 h was obtained in M9 minimal medium supplemented with 1% sucrose, 0.5% yeast extract and 0.1% potassium chloride. FRIN-001-1 grew well in M9 medium with 1% mannitol, 0.5% yeast extract and 0.1% potassium phosphate dibasic.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.49
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• pp.122-143
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• 2010

This study is designed to figure out what kind of female images TV dramas have represented from 2000 to 2007 and what kind of relationship these images and the actual roles the female characters perform have in the drama. The total number of dramas analyzed is 27, and 152 female characters are analyzed. The result finds that 45% among 152 characters is in her 20's, and most of them play the main roles. Only 4 dramas use 3,40's female characters as main figures. Most 4,50 female characters play mother or grand mother roles of main characters, and they usually interrupt main character's love relationships or don't play any meaningful roles for the narrative. The old female characters over her 60's tend to play foolish and ridiculous roles and don't show any physical charms. The female main characters are beautiful and young, and the more they play good roles, they have better natural beauty comparing the bad characters. The youth and beauty of main characters helps the owner to earn the love of main male characters. It's obvious that the dramas show that female's body as physical capital to achieve higher class and power.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics C
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• v.35C no.11
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

In this paper, a digital current control system using a FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) was implemented, and the system was applied to an induction motor widely used as an industrial driving machine. The FPGA designed by VHDL(VHSIC Hardware Description Language) consists of a PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) generation block, a PWM protection block, a speed measuring block, a watch dog timer block, an interrupt control block, a decoder logic block, a wait control block and digital input and output blocks respectively. Dedicated clock inputs on the FPGA were used for high-speed execution, and an up-down counter and a latch block were designed in parallel, in order that the triangle wave could be operated at 40 MHz clock. When triangle wave is compared with many registers respectively, gate delay occurs from excessive fan-outs. To reduce the delay, two triangle wave registers were implemented in parallel. Amplitude and frequency of the triangle wave, and dead time of PWM could be changed by software. This FPGA was synthesized by pASIC 2SpDE and Synplify-Lite synthesis tool of Quick Logic company. The final simulation for worst cases was successfully performed under a Verilog HDL simulation environment. And the FPGA programmed for an 84 pin PLCC package was applied to digital current control system for 3-phase induction motor. The digital current control system of the 3 phase induction motor was configured using the DSP(TMS320C31-40 MHz), FPGA, A/D converter and Hall CT etc., and experimental results showed the effectiveness of the digital current control system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.12
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• pp.55-63
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• 2015

Recently, terroristic threats using a radio controlled improvised explosive device (RCIED) that is remotely controlled and exploded have been increased around the world. In order to prevent the explosion of an RCIED, jamming techniques that interrupt an RCIED receiver can be used, so that the receiver can not demodulate the trigger code. Conventional jamming technique is a type of active barrage jamming that always emits the noise jamming signal for all the frequency band. However, it needs large power consumption and thus is limited in operation time for a vehicle. In order to overcome the shortage of the active barrage jamming, reactive jamming technique has drawn attention. In reactive jamming, all the frequency band is firstly scanned, and then if any trigger signal exists, one emits the jamming signal to the corresponding frequency band. Therefore, the reactive jamming is superior to the active barrage jamming in terms of power efficiency. However, a reactive jammer emits a jamming signal only after the trigger signal is intercepted, which means that the jamming signal may be late for interrupting an RCIED receiver. In this sense, it is needed to evaluate a delay in an RCIED receiver. To achieve this, we analyze the reaction time and present the simulation result for jamming performance of reactive jamming against an RCIED using mobile devices.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2001

Fatigue after delivery affect women's birth experience and interrupt the process of labor. Finally woman cannot have a positive birth result and will experience a postpartum fatigue. But researches about fatigue during the labor are lacked. Nurse help adapting a mother's role, bonding with new baby, recovering after birth, and improving woman's quality of life through decreasing fatigue during the labor and intercepting a continued postpartum fatigue. So it is very important that measuring a fatigue and confirming relationships between fatigue and factors affecting fatigue. The purpose of this study was measuring the level of fatigue within 4hours after delivery and identifing factors affecting fatigue. The ultimate goal was to contribute to improving a birth experience and adapting after birth through decreasing the level of fatigue and interventions. The data was collected for this study at the hospital of two universities and the third hospital in Seoul from Aug. 15. to Nov. 10. 2000. The subjects were 106 of mothers who deliveried a normal newborn and were tested within four hours after birth. The instruments were The Visual Analogue Scale for fatigue, The State Anxiety Inventory, and The Labor Support Inventory. The data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, SD, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation. The results of this study were as follows; (1) The level of fatigue during the labor was 61.48point. (2) The deferences according to general and obstetric character affecting fatigue founded that there were Significant differences according to job(t=2.659, p=0.009), and the type of delivery(t=-2.035, p=0.044). (3) The deferences according to factors affecting fatigue revealed that there was significant difference according to quality of sleep(F=2.935, p=0.037). The significant fatigue and the fatigue after delivery was anxiety(r=0.343, p=0.000). The above findings indicate that the level of fatigue during the labor is higher than during pregnancy and postpartum. Woman having a job, delivering by vacuum was more fatigued. The level of fatigue according to a quality of sleep was significant difference. The poor quality of sleep, higher level of fatigue. And the more anxiety after delivery, the more fatigue. So, the variable nursing interventions for lessening the level of fatigue through appling the situation for rest, relaxation during the labor to reserve energy, and decreasing anxiety should be provided for mothers.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.369-377
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• 2008

Today, Ethernet technology is rapidly developing to have a bandwidth of 10Gbps beyond 1Gbps. In such high-speed networks, the existing method that host CPU processes TCP/IP in the operating system causes numerous overheads. As a result of the overheads, user applications cannot get the enough computing power from the host CPU. To solve this problem, the TCP/IP Offload Engine(TOE) technology was emerged. TOE is a specialized NIC which processes the TCP/IP instead of the host CPU. In this paper, we implemented a high-performance, lightweight TCP/IP(HL-TCP) for the TOE and applied it to an embedded system. The HL-TCP supports existing fundamental TCP/IP functions; flow control, congestion control, retransmission, delayed ACK, processing out-of-order packets. And it was implemented to utilize Ethernet MAC's hardware features such as TCP segmentation offload(TSO), checksum offload(CSO) and interrupt coalescing. Also we eliminated the copy overhead from the host memory to the NIC memory when sending data and we implemented an efficient DMA mechanism for the TCP retransmission. The TOE using the HL-TCP has the CPU utilization of less than 6% and the bandwidth of 453Mbps.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.408-415
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• 2016

Small fishing ports and coastal structures installed in a relatively low sea water depth disturb the wave induced current and cause the collapse of equilibrium state of sediment transport. These structures creates diffracted waves and matter the concentration of waves to cause the beach erosion. In order to mitigate these eroding problems on the beach, many counter measurements were proposed such as detached breakwater, groin or headland; however, these methods interrupt the aesthetic view of sandy beach due to the exposed structures above the sea level and have difficulty of applying to those beaches with the good scenery. Furthermore, some of these methods create secondary environmental problems after the installations. To eliminate these problems, one of the countermeasures, artificial reefs have been selected and used worldwide to minimize the disturbance of the scenery and secondary effects on the environment. Meanwhile, it is important to set the design elements for installing the artificial reefs such as that of length, opening width, clearing distances from the shoreline and more. Nevertheless, there are no construction manuals or standards for designing the artificial reefs with these important design elements yet. In this study, different conditions of artificial reefs were used with various cases throughout hydraulic model test to precisely analyze the changes of waves and currents to propose the standards of design elements to install the artificial reefs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.36-44
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• 2010

Recently, as new weapons are being developed, test equipments to test their functions inevitably require real-time features. However, since test equipments based on Windows can not support real-time requirements, we have no choice but to use third-party solutions such as RTX or INtime. This leads to increase the development cost of each test equipment. This paper suggests an real-time implemented kernel(RTiK) which operates as a device driver on Windows. RTiK provides another timer using the Local APIC of x86 microprocessors. It supports real-time requirements by periodically executing the required services using Windows-independent timer interrupts to guarantee task deadlines. To reduce the interrupt latency, we used deferred procedure calls provided by Windows. We also used the export driver to implement and modify user-defined functions without accessing the RTiK internals. Using an oscilloscope, we prove that the RTiK kernel proposed in this paper guarantees up to 0.1ms periods.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.87-97
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• 2017

This paper examined how consumers' attitude toward the telecommunication expense was affected by news reports through the experiment. Participants were randomly assigned to one of four group (control group, high-expense-claimed-media group, low-expense-claimed-media group, and both-exposed-media group), and asked to indicate credibility & neutrality toward media report, similarity between media report, and their own thought, their attitude toward the telecommunication expense. The result of ANOVA showed that the high-expense-claimed-media was perceived more credible and neutral than the low-expense-claimed-media. ANCOVA was conducted to eliminate the impact of similarity between media report and their own thought on the evaluation of credibility & neutrality toward media report, and the result showed that there was no difference. Also, participants evaluated the telecommunication service so expensive, regardless of what kind of media reports they were exposed. We found that consumers' prior belief, which telecommunication service was expensive, might interrupt consumers' learning process for new information from media. To resolve the social pressure about mobile service rate-cutting, it is necessary to investigate how to dampen consumers' stereotype about the telecommunication expense. The future research using the framing effect could be considerable.