• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.12 no.5
• /
• pp.937-941
• /
• 2008

People who have hearing difficulties use sign language as the most important communication method, and they can broaden personal relations and manage their everyday lives without inconvenience through sign language. But they suffer from absence of interpolation between normal people and people who have hearing difficulties in increasing video chatting or video communication services by recent growth of internet communication. In this paper, we proposed a sign language recognition method in order to solve such a problem. In the proposed method, regions of two hands are extracted by tracking of two hands using RGB, YUV and HSI color information from a sign language image acquired from a video camera and by removing noise in the segmented images. The extracted regions of two hands are teamed and recognized by ART2 algorithm that is robust for noise and damage. In the experiment by the proposed method and images of finger number from 1 to 10, we verified the proposed method recognize the numbers efficiently.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.403-410
• /
• 2010

NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), which is broadly used as short-term data composite, is an important parameter for climate change and long-term land surface monitoring. Although atmospheric correction is performed, NDVI dramatically appears several low peak noise in the long-term time series. They are related to various contaminated sources, such as cloud masking problem and wet ground condition. This study suggests a simple method through harmonic analysis for reducing NDVI noise using SPOT/VGT NDVI 10-day MVC data. The harmonic analysis method is compared with the polynomial regression method suggested previously. The polynomial regression method overestimates the NDVI values in the time series. The proposed method showed an improvement in NDVI correction of low peak and overestimation.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.47 no.7
• /
• pp.791-803
• /
• 2015

The effective cross sections (XSs) in the direct whole core calculation code nTRACER are evaluated by the equivalence theory-based resonance-integral-table method using the WIMS-based library as an alternative to the subgroup method. The background XSs, as well as the Dancoff correction factors, were evaluated by the enhanced neutron-current method. A method, with pointwise microscopic XSs on a union-lethargy grid, was used for the generation of resonance-interference factors (RIFs) for mixed resonant absorbers. This method was modified by the intermediate-resonance approximation by replacing the potential XSs for the non-absorbing moderator nuclides with the background XSs and neglecting the resonance-elastic scattering. The resonance-escape probability was implemented to incorporate the energy self-shielding effect in the spectrum. The XSs were improved using the proposed method as compared to the narrow resonance infinite massbased method. The RIFs were improved by 1% in $^{235}U$, 7% in $^{239}Pu$, and >2% in $^{240}Pu$. To account for thermal feedback, a new feature was incorporated with the interpolation of pre-generated RIFs at the multigroup level and the results compared with the conventional resonance-interference model. This method provided adequate results in terms of XSs and k-eff. The results were verified first by the comparison of RIFs with the exact RIFs, and then comparing the XSs with the McCARD calculations for the homogeneous configurations, with burned fuel containing a mixture of resonant nuclides at different burnups and temperatures. The RIFs and XSs for the mixture showed good agreement, which verified the accuracy of the RIF evaluation using the proposed method. The method was then verified by comparing the XSs for the virtual environment for reactor applicationbenchmark pin-cell problem, as well as the heterogeneous pin cell containing burned fuel with McCARD. The method works well for homogeneous, as well as heterogeneous configurations.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.620-635
• /
• 2010

In this paper we describe current activities on the project Multi-Scale Modeling and Analysis of convective boiling (MSMA), conducted jointly by the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) and the Swiss Nuclear Utilities (Swissnuclear). The long-term aim of the MSMA project is to formulate improved closure laws for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations for prediction of convective boiling and eventually of the Critical Heat Flux (CHF). As boiling is controlled by the competition of numerous phenomena at various length and time scales, a multi-scale approach is employed to tackle the problem at different scales. In the MSMA project, the scales on which we focus range from the CFD scale (macro-scale), bubble size scale (meso-scale), liquid micro-layer and triple interline scale (micro-scale), and molecular scale (nano-scale). The current focus of the project is on micro- and meso-scales modeling. The numerical framework comprises a highly efficient, parallel DNS solver, the PSI-BOIL code. The code has incorporated an Immersed Boundary Method (IBM) to tackle complex geometries. For simulation of meso-scales (bubbles), we use the Constrained Interpolation Profile method: Conservative Semi-Lagrangian $2^{nd}$ order (CIP-CSL2). The phase change is described either by applying conventional jump conditions at the interface, or by using the Phase Field (PF) approach. In this work, we present selected results for flows in complex geometry using the IBM, selected bubbly flow simulations using the CIP-CSL2 method and results for phase change using the PF approach. In the subsequent stage of the project, the importance of effects of nano-scale processes on the global boiling heat transfer will be evaluated. To validate the models, more experimental information will be needed in the future, so it is expected that the MSMA project will become the seed for a long-term, combined theoretical and experimental program.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.39-46
• /
• 2019

The liquefaction is a phenomenon that the effective stress becomes zero due to the rapidly accumulated excess pore water pressure when a strong load acts on the ground for a short period of time, such as an earthquake or pile driving, resulting in the loss of the shear strength of the ground. Since the Geongju and Pohang earthquake, liquefaction brought increasing domestic attention. This liquefaction can be assessed mainly through the semi-empirical procedures proposed by Seed and Idriss (1982) and the liquefaction risk based on the penetration resistance obtained from borehole DB and SPT. However, the geotechnical information data obtained by the in-situ tests or boring information fundamentally have an issue of the representative of the target area. Therefore, this study sought to construct a ground information database by classifying and reviewing the ground information required for liquefaction assessment, and tried to solve the representative problem of the soil layer that is subject to liquefaction evaluation by performing spatial interpolation using GIS.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.10B no.2
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 2003

The vergence control method is presented for a parallel-axls stereo camera (PASC) using a signal processing technique such as shift, (rotation), and scaling. The PASC is considered as the simplest one of binocular stereo cameras. However, its major limitation lies in the controllability of vergence since its left and right imaging sensors of CCDs are fixed. On the other hand, a horizontal-moving-axis stereo camera (HMASC) with movable imaging sensors is able to control the vergence by moving its CCDs horizontally. In spite of its vergence controllability, there is a major drawback in the implementation because of complicated mechanical structure and the additional cost. To overcome the vergence control problem of the PASC, an operational principle of the HMASC is applied to the PASC. To be specific, without any additional hardware the vergence control problem of the PASC is solved with the signal processing technique. Assuming the virtual displacement between CCD's, a disappearing part of acquired images is removed and the original image site is recovered via interpolation. Experimental results show that the vergence control between stereo images captured by the PASC it possible with an acceptable degradation of the image quality defending on the virtual displacement of CCDs.

• Smart Media Journal
• /
• v.3 no.4
• /
• pp.28-34
• /
• 2014

Recently the depth-image-based rendering (DIBR) method is usually used in 3D image application filed. Virtual view image is created by using a known view with associated depth map to make a virtual view point which did not taken by the camera. But, disocclusion area occur because the virtual view point is created using a depth image based image 3D warping. To remove those kind of disocclusion region, many hole filling methods are proposed until now. Constant color region searching, horizontal interpolation, horizontal extrapolation, and variational inpainting techniques are proposed as a hole filling methods. But when using those hole filling method some problem occurred. The different types of annoying artifacts are appear in texture region hole filling procedure. In this paper to solve those problem, the multi-directional extrapolation method is newly proposed for efficiency of expanded hole filling performance. The proposed method is efficient when performing hole filling which complex texture background region. Consideration of directionality for hole filling method use the hole neighbor texture pixel value when estimate the hole pixel value. We can check the proposed hole filling method can more efficiently fill the hole region which generated by virtual view synthesis result.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 2016

Purpose: Pulse crop damage due to wild birds is a serious problem, to the extent that the rate of damage during the period of time between seeding and the stage of cotyledon reaches 45.4% on average. This study investigated a method of fundamentally blocking birds from eating crops by conducting vinyl mulching after seeding and identifying the growing locations for beans to perform punching. Methods: Infrared (IR) sensors that could measure the temperature without contact were used to recognize the locations of soybean cotyledons below vinyl mulch. To expand the measurable range, 10 IR sensors were arranged in a linear array. A sliding mechanical device was used to reconstruct the two-dimensional spatial variance information of targets. Spatial interpolation was applied to the two-dimensional temperature distribution information measured in real time to improve the resolution of the bean coleoptile locations. The temperature distributions above the vinyl mulch for five species of soybeans over a period of six days from the appearance of the cotyledon stage were analyzed. Results: During the experimental period, cases where bean cotyledons did and did not come into contact with the bottom of the vinyl mulch were both observed, and depended on the degree of growth of the bean cotyledons. Although the locations of bean cotyledons could be estimated through temperature distribution analyses in cases where they came into contact with the bottom of the vinyl mulch, this estimation showed somewhat large errors according to the time that had passed after the cotyledon stage. The detection results were similar for similar types of crops. Thus, this method could be applied to crops with similar growth patterns. According to the results of 360 experiments that were conducted (five species of bean ${\times}$ six days ${\times}$ four speed levels ${\times}$ three repetitions), the location detection performance had an accuracy of 36.9%, and the range of location errors was 0-4.9 cm (RMSE = 3.1 cm). During a period of 3-5 days after the cotyledon stage, the location detection performance had an accuracy of 59% (RMSE = 3.9 cm). Conclusions: In the present study, to fundamentally solve the problem of damage to beans from birds in the early stage after seeding, a working method was proposed in which punching is carried out after seeding, thereby breaking away from the existing method in which seeding is carried out after punching. Methods for the accurate detection of soybean growing locations were studied to allow punching to promote the continuous growth of soybeans that had reached the cotyledon stage. Through experiments using multiple IR sensors and a sliding mechanical device, it was found that the locations of the crop could be partially identified 3-5 days after reaching the cotyledon stage regardless of the kind of pulse crop. It can be concluded that additional studies of robust detection methods considering environmental factors and factors for crop growth are necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.53-59
• /
• 2020

Initial response is important in marine oil spills, such as the Hebei Spirit oil spill, but it is very difficult to predict the movement of oil out of the ocean, where there are many variables. In order to solve this problem, the forecasting of oil spill has been carried out by expanding the particle prediction, which is an existing study that studies the movement of floats on the sea using the data of the float. In the ocean data format HDF5, the current and wind velocity data at a specific location were extracted using bilinear interpolation, and then the movement of numerous points was predicted by particles and the results were visualized using polygons and heat maps. In addition, we propose a spill oil particle matching algorithm to compensate for the lack of data and the difference between the spilled oil and movement. The spilled oil particle matching algorithm is an algorithm that tracks the movement of particles by granulating the appearance of surface oil spilled oil. The problem was segmented using principal component analysis and matched using genetic algorithm to the point where the variance of travel distance of effluent oil is minimized. As a result of verifying the effluent oil visualization data, it was confirmed that the particle matching algorithm using principal component analysis and genetic algorithm showed the best performance, and the mean data error was 3.2%.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2014.10a
• /
• pp.733-735
• /
• 2014

Example based Super Resolution(SR) is using the correspondence between the low and high resolution image from a database. This method uses only one image to estimate a high resolution image and can get the larger image than 2 times. Example based SR is proposed to solve the problem of classical SR. Neighbor embedding(NE) has been inspired by manifold learning method, particularly locally linear embedding. However, the poor generalization of NE decreases the performance of such algorithm. The sizes of local training sets are always too small to improve the performance of NE. We propose the advanced NE baesd on SVR having an excellent generalization ability to solve this problem. Given a low resolution image, we estimate a pixel in its high resolution version by using SVR based NE. Through experimental results, we quantitatively and qualitatively confirm the improved results of the proposed algorithm when comparing with conventional interpolation methods and NE.