• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1738-1764
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• 2019

With the advent of big data, deep learning technology has become an important research direction in the field of machine learning, which has been widely applied in the image processing, natural language processing, speech recognition and online advertising and so on. This paper introduces deep learning techniques from various aspects, including common models of deep learning and their optimization methods, commonly used open source frameworks, existing problems and future research directions. Firstly, we introduce the applications of deep learning; Secondly, we introduce several common models of deep learning and optimization methods; Thirdly, we describe several common frameworks and platforms of deep learning; Finally, we introduce the latest acceleration technology of deep learning and highlight the future work of deep learning.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.166-175
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• 2023

Reinforcement learning can be applied to a wide variety of problems. However, the fundamental limitation of reinforcement learning is that it is difficult to derive an answer within a given time because the problems in the real world are too complex. Then, with the development of neural network technology, research on deep reinforcement learning that combines deep learning with reinforcement learning is receiving lots of attention. In this paper, two types of neural networks are combined with reinforcement learning and their characteristics were compared and analyzed with existing value-based reinforcement learning algorithms. Two types of neural networks are FNN and CNN, and existing reinforcement learning algorithms are SARSA and Q-learning.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.20 no.2 s.26
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• pp.295-326
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• 2006

Despite the importance of mathematics education, many students in high school have lost their interests and felt difficulties and they don't have 'mathematical' experience with meanings attached because of the entrance examination. This paper attempted to resolve these problems and find the teaching-method with which students can study by themselves with more confidence. Nowadays students' use of Internet is very popular. After develop 'the development of mathematical power' program based on mathematics history, history, science, the application of problems in real world, and self-evaluation, I made students repeat them after making teaching lessons in classroom as moving pictures. Through this processes, I attempted to develop the Self-Directed Learning' ability by making public education substantial. First of all I analyzed the actual conditions on 'Self-Directed Learning' ability in mathematics subject, the conditions of seeing and hearing in Internet learning program, and students' and their parents' interests in Internet education. By analyzing the records, I observed the significance of the introducing mathematics history in mathematics subject in early stager, cooperative-learning, leveled-learning, self-directed learning, and Internet learning. Actually in aspect of applying 'the development of mathematical power' program, at first I made up the educational conditions to fix the program, collected the teaching materials, established the system of teaching-learning model, developed materials for the learning applying Internet mail and instruments of classroom, and carried out instruction to establish and practice mathematics learning plan. Then I applied the teaching-learning model of leveled cooperation and presentation loaming and at the same time constructed and used the leveled learning materials of complementary, average, and advanced process and instructed to watch teaching moving pictures through Internet mail and in the classroom. After that I observed how effective this program was through the interest arid attitude toward mathematics subject, learning accomplishment, and the change of self-directed learning. Finally, I wrote the conclusion and suggestion on the preparation of conditions fur the students' voluntary participation in mathematics learning and the project and application on 'the development of mathematical power' program and repeated learning with the materials of moving pictures in classroom.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.36-46
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• 2024

This study is a descriptive survey to determine the effects of fundamentals of nursing skills education with peer evaluation on self-leadership, self-directed learning ability, and learning attitude. The factors affecting self-directed learning ability were peer evaluation, self-leadership, and learning attitude (F=118.81, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 50.4%. The factors affecting learning attitude were peer evaluation, self-leadership, and self-directed learning ability (F=48.89, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 29.5%. Based on the results of this study, we believe that it is necessary to apply various teaching methods such as peer evaluation and promote self-leadership to improve self-directed learning and learning attitude.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.245-253
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to find out the structural relations among the changing of internet use for learning, online game use, and perceived achievement. To complete this study, we set three research models and verified our hypotheses from the research models. We used Korean Youth Panel Study (KYPS) data, which surveyed beginning with fourth grade 2,844 elementary school students. We discovered that (a) there was a statically significant individual variability in initial levels and rates of change in internet use for learning. The change of trajectory was declined. (b) We also found out both initial state and changing rate of internet use for learning positively affect perceived academic achievement. (c) Lastly our study found both the concurrent and lag effects support the developmental relation between internet use for learning and game use in young adolescents.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.248-266
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present various examples of collaborative learning based on the Instruction of Internet in the 6th grade elementary school mathematics class. So we introduce the design method of classroom environment for classroom Internet and give example of various teaching methods. This study was conducted for nine months from March to November, 2016, one sixth grade of elementary school in D area. During this period, we conducted Instruction of Internet-based collaborative learning to classify typical teaching cases. We classified into 5 type collaborative learning. First, collaborative learning in the classroom. Second, remote collaborative learning between classroom and classroom. Third, Live participation classes. Forth, project collaborative learning. Fifth, using virtual reality in collaborative learning. In addition, we could identify that there is a difference compared to the conventional learning. It became possible to conduct collaborative learning with other students simultaneously or have opening class with both parents and teachers by using Youtube. These examples can be presented as a case to depart from traditional mathematics class in one classroom. In this regard, we will be able to provide several implications about teaching methods utilizing smart device and Internet in future classroom.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.153-162
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• 2016

This paper proposes an optimal dynamic resource allocation method in IoT (Internet of Things) parking guidance system using Q-learning resource allocation model. In the proposed method, a resource allocation using a forecasting model based on Q-learning is employed for optimal utilization of parking guidance system. To demonstrate efficiency and availability of the proposed method, it is verified by computer simulation and practical testbed. Through simulation results, this paper proves that the proposed method can enhance total throughput, decrease penalty fee issued by SLA (Service Level Agreement) and reduce response time with the dynamic number of users.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.155-167
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• 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new paradigm that connects physical and virtual objects from various domains such as home automation, industrial processes, human health, and monitoring. IoT sensors receive information from their environment and forward it to their neighboring nodes. However, the large amounts of exchanged data are vulnerable to attacks that reduce the network performance. Most of the previous security methods for IoT have neglected the energy consumption of IoT, thereby affecting the performance and reducing the network lifetime. This paper presents a new multistep routing protocol based on cellular learning automata. The network lifetime is improved by a performance-based adaptive reward and fine parameters. Nodes can vote on the reliability of their neighbors, achieving network reliability and a reasonable level of security. Overall, the proposed method balances the security and reliability with the energy consumption of the network.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.95-103
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• 2011

This study was executed to give a help in planning and implementing Blended learning through investigating the learners' satisfaction difference according to Blended learning situation and learners' trait. For this purpose this study divided online learning situation into three types to examine the influence on satisfaction. And participants was divided based on the learning style to examine the influence of the trait on satisfaction. The Blended learning satisfaction classified into four; web environment, content, face to face sessions, general view on Blended learning's implementation.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

The purposes of the study were to identify satisfaction and achievement of learning by female learner's characteristics, and to suggest measures to improve quality of education in internet education programs. In order to determine the educational effectiveness associated with the characteristics of learners, this study attempted to employ two way approaches by observing the degree of achievement for learning, which represents an instructor-oriented approach, and the degree of satisfaction for education, which represents a learner-oriented approach to enhance the quality of internet education for female learners. As an approach to evaluate the educational effectiveness, the degree of achievement in learning(Tyler's classical approach), and the degree of satisfaction for education (Scriven's consumer-oriented evaluation model) were utilized. A survey form was developed by the researcher after reviewing the various tools originated from Boshier, Cross, Gagne and Choi, and distributed to a panel of judges that examined the content validity of the instrument. The sample for the study consisted of 160 female learners from three universities in Seoul and capital area, and the survey form was used to collect data for this study. The SPSS WIN program was used in analyzing the data and a series of statistical tests were conducted including frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression, and factor analysis. The statistical significance level was 0.05. The following conclusion were drawn from this study of female internet education. First, it was evident that female internet learners tend to utilize information from internet, and this can be interpreted as participants' positive attitude, and voluntary participation. Second, educational facilities and services should be improved in the future, because the level of satisfaction was low in these areas compared to curriculum and educational methodology. Third, the participating factors influenced by the level of satisfaction for education of learner characteristics were the 'formation of inter-personal relationship and willingness to change' and the 'needs for education on internet', thus appeared that both social and educational needs influenced the level of satisfaction for education. Fourth, the degree of achievement in learning was higher in the order of 1) attitude 2) function 3) knowledge, thus, attitude change was the most important in achievement of learning. Fifth, the individual background that influenced the level of achievement in learning were age and educational experience. As for the individual level of achievement for learning, the younger and more educated group were more satisfied.