• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.05a
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• pp.244-247
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• 2016

Internet of Things spotlighted by the recent growth of the country: the interest in (IoT Internet pf Things) is being maximized. According to the scale of the 2013 Machina Research 2022 yireundago IoT market it is predicting about $ 1.2 trillion. Also the number of IoT devices connected simultaneously to the 2020 worldwide reached about 2.1 billion, and is expected to require about 200 million communications link. Many of these devices in order to manage and operate them efficiently IEEE 802.15.4e, D2D, Beacon, supporting protocols such as Zigbee gateway and network Connectivity to the urgent need for a proactive response to M2M -based operating convert it to a standard protocol being. This paper supports a variety of devices with different protocols and propose the design of intelligent Gateway with integrated features to manage operations.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

The Internet of things (IoT) is the extension of Internet connectivity into various devices and everyday objects. Embedded with electronics, Internet connectivity and other forms of hardware. The IoT poses significant risk to the entire digital ecosystem. This is because so many of these devices are designed without a built-in security system to keep them from being hijacked by hackers. This paper proposed a mutual authentication protocol for IoT Devices using symmetric-key algorithm. The proposed protocol use symmetric key cryptographic algorithm to securely encrypt data on radio channel. In addition, the secret key used for encryption is random number of devices that improves security by using variable secret keys. The proposed protocol blocked attacker and enabled legal deives to communicate because only authenticated devices transmit data by a mutual authentication protocol. Finally, our scheme is safe for attacks such as eavesdropping attack, location tracking, replay attack, spoofing attack and denial of service attack and we confirmed the safety by attack scenario.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.813-818
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• 2015

IoT is the network of physical objects or things embedded with electronics, software, sensors and connectivity to enable it to achieve greater value and service by exchanging data with the manufacturer, operator or other connected devices. Until now many researches have been studied for centering keyword for detecting emerging technology of future and scientometric analysis among the papers. This paper propose searching method of emerging technology for the IOT (internet of things) which is recently interesting area via dynamic analysis for keyword mapping.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.3079-3089
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• 2015

In this paper, a smart constrained application protocol (CoAP)-based gateway with a border router is proposed for home safety services to remotely monitor the trespass, fire, and indoor air quality. The smart CoAP gateway controls a home safety sensor node with a pyroelectric infrared motion sensor, a fire sensor, a humidity and temperature sensor, and a non-dispersive infrared CO2 sensor and gathers sensing data from them. In addition, it can convert physical sensing data into understandable information and perform packet conversion as a border router for seamless connection between a low-power wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN) and the Internet (IPv6). Implementation and laboratory test results verify the feasibility of the smart CoAP gateway which especially can provide about 97.20% data throughput.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.169-175
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• 2024

In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to enhance document security by integrating Computer Generated Hologram(CGH) encryption technology with a system for document encryption, printing, and subsequent verification using a smartphone application. The proposed system enables the encryption of documents using CGH technology and their printing on the edges of the document, simplifying document verification and validation through a smartphone application. Furthermore, the system leverages high-resolution smartphone cameras to perform online verification of the original document and supports offline document decryption, ensuring tamper detection even in environments without internet connectivity. This research contributes to the development of a comprehensive and versatile solution for document security and integrity, with applications in various domains.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.42-49
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• 2017

Delay- and Disruption-Tolerant Network (DTN) has been considered as a key technology to overcome main challenges in interplanetary communications such as an intermittent connectivity and high bit error rates. The lack of end-to-end connectivity between source and destination results in long and variable delays and data loss, hence the Internet Protocols cannot operate properly in such environments because it requires an end-to-end connectivity. The DTN, which utilizes 'store-and-forward' message passing scheme between nodes, can overcome the lack of end-to-end connectivity in Interplanetary Network (IPN). In this paper, DTN is applied to 3-hop relay IPN, where messages are transmitted from Earth ground station to Lunar lander through Earth satellite and Lunar orbiter. ONE simulator is used to reflect the real environment of IPN and an efficient resource management method are analyzed to guarantee the message delivery by optimizing a message TTL (Time to Live), buffer size and message fragmentation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.63-71
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• 2014

This paper proposes an algorithm that forms the clusters on the basis of hop distance in order to improve the actor coverage and connectivity in the sink-based wireless sensor and actor networks. The proposed algorithm forms the clusters that are distributed evenly in the target area by electing the CHs(Cluster Heads) at regular hop intervals from a sink. The CHs are elected sequentially from the sink in order to ensure the connectivity between the sink and the actors that are located on the CHs. Additionally, the electing are achieved from the area of the higher rate of the sensors density in order to improve the actor coverage. The number of clusters that are created in the target area and the number of the actors that are placed on the positions of the CHs are reduced by forming the clusters with regular distribution and minimizing the overlap of them through the proposed algorithm. Simulations are performed to verify that the proposed algorithm constructs the actor network that is connected to the sink. Moreover, we shows that the proposed algorithm improves the actor coverage and, therefore, reduces the amount of the actors that will be deployed in the region by 9~20% compared to the IDSC algorithm.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.41-49
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• 2022

The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) has standardized RPL (IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-power Lossy Network) as a routing protocol for Low Power and Lossy Networks (LLNs), a low power loss network environment. RPL creates a route through an Objective Function (OF) suitable for the service required by LLNs and builds a Destination Oriented Directed Acyclic Graph (DODAG). Existing studies check the residual energy of each node and select a parent with the highest residual energy to build a DODAG, but the energy exhaustion of the parent can not avoid the network disconnection of the children nodes. Therefore, this paper proposes EC-RPL (Enhanced Connectivity-RPL), in which ta node leaves DODAG in advance when the remaining energy of the node falls below the specified energy threshold. The proposed protocol is implemented in Contiki, an open-source IoT operating system, and its performance is evaluated in Cooja simulator, and the number of control messages is compared using Foren6. Experimental results show that EC-RPL has 6.9% lower latency and 5.8% fewer control messages than the existing RPL, and the packet delivery rate is 1.7% higher.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.3958-3971
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• 2016

With Internet of Things (IoT) technology, home environment becomes smarter than ever. Not only smart devices such as smart phone or smart TV, but also various IoT devices including sensor, smart thermostat, and smart scale has now become very common on the market. These devices have connectivity to the Internet, so that user can read data from the device or control the device using Internet technology. However, due to diversity of smart home requirements, device collaboration in smart home remains a challenging task still. Usually smart home is built with various technologies to fulfill its own purpose, and these purposes cover very wide area from controlling low-power sensor devices to controlling high-performance devices like smart TV and smart phone. This variety of smart home requirements makes smart home very complicated due to mixed network architecture, protocol and technology. In this paper, a framework to enable managing and collaborating heterogeneous IoT devices in smart home environment is proposed. Several programming models are defined in the proposed framework to make application development for heterogeneous devices more intuitive. The proposed framework has been implemented as a web service, and a case study with real-world smart home IoT devices is presented.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.4203-4223
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• 2021

Accelerated by the Internet of Things (IoT), the need for further technical innovations and developments within wireless communications beyond the fifth generation (B5G) networks is up-and-coming in the past few years. High altitude platform station (HAPS) communication is expected to achieve such high levels that, with high data transfer rates and low latency, millions of devices and applications can work seamlessly. The HAPS has emerged as an indispensable component of next-generations of wireless networks, which will therefore play an important role in promoting massive IoT interconnectivity with 6G. The performance of communication and key technology mainly depend on the characteristic of channel, thus we propose an efficient Markov chain based channel model, then analyze the HAPS communication system's uplink capability and swing effect through experiments. According to the simulation results, the efficacy of the proposed scheme is proven to meet the requirements of ubiquitous connectivity in future IoT enabled by 6G.