• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.11
• /
• pp.1049-1057
• /
• 2020

The shift from elite education to mass education in Vietnam has met the demand for education for everybody as well as for quality human resource talent for an emerging nation. Under the resource constraint, understanding the quality dimensions of education and its priority level is important for effective and efficient policies. This study was carried out using both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to develop quality criteria and a ranking model. Two rounds of in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen experts in the field, who were rectors, employers, and recruitment specialists to develop the quality framework applied in Vietnamese universities under total quality management (TQM), starting from the input of the senior secondary school leavers, through a teaching process to the output. The first round of interviews were unstructured questionnaires designed to explore the main factors in quality assessment model. The second round affirmed the experts' agreement on the assessment model. Then, fuzzy logic was applied to rank eight criteria in the quality assessment model into priority order: cost, teaching and administrative staff, leadership, curriculum, student-related factors, internationalization, admissions, and campus. The results are critical for identifying the necessary actions to enhance the education quality and to further research on the optimal quality model.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.485-515
• /
• 2009

In this study aims to research and analyze what are decision factors between a wholly-owned subsidiary and a international company cooperation in the internationalization process. From 57 primary studies found 26 observed variables for aggregation of effect size in the using "Fixed Effect Model" on this mata-analysis. The article also links the theories that are used in the literature, not considered in the most of primary studies, to the empirical results and recommends global management strategy which is needed for business practical affairs. According to the result, the meta-analysis suggests that the number of employees of a MNC, the geological and cultural differneces between the host country and home country, the country-specific international experience of the MNC and export intensity, the international product diversification, the market growth and the market size of the foreign operations, and resource intensity of the foreign operations, the legal restrictions in the host country and the country risk of the home country do exert a significant effect on the decision between cooperative arrangement and a wholly-owned subsidiary. Conversely, for a large number of variables, no significant relationship seems to exist based on the combined results. This is the case, for example, for factor specificity, the r&d-intensity, the subsidiary size, the assets of the MNC and the sales volume of the MNC.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.5-21
• /
• 2001

This study is to examine into the research pattern of the domestic library and information science scholars through the bibliometric analysis. It analyzed treatise in SSCI, the model citation index database about the most authoritative social-scientific journals, with various viewpoints, such as authors, subjects, journals, native universities, post universities, years, core of the majoring subjects, major authors and journals. In addition, it analyzed citation factors of another treatise which appeared in SSCI. We foresee it will be useful to indicate the way of study following internationalization.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.267-275
• /
• 2021

This study investigates the relationship between cultural distance and entry mode choice, where the foreign investor firm and the host country are both from emergent economies. Within this framework, research is limited and the issue is whether companies, regardless of their specific situations, have the same strategy when they meet a high degree of uncertainty in the host environment. In this study, we focused on the influence of informal institutional factors: cultural distance, that has been extensively analyzed in international business, measured by Kogut and Singh index and defined according to Hofstede, Globe Project and Schwartz approaches. The general trend derived from prior research proves that when a company from a developed country is involved; overall more enthusiasm is shown for wholly-owned subsidiaries rather than joint venture. This result still stands validated for corporations from this emergent economy area. Our analysis of a sample of 163 FDI in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) using logistic binary regression model reveals that the foreign firms prefer to establish wholly-owned subsidiaries in the host country over entering into a joint venture with a local firm, taking into consideration the large cultural distance.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.327-335
• /
• 2016

The People's Republic of China has vigorously been pursuing the internationalization of the Chinese Yuan or Renminbi after the financial crisis of 2008. In this view, an abrupt increase of use of the Chinese Yuan in the onshore and offshore markets are important milestones to be one of important currencies. One of the most frequently used methods to forecast volatility is GARCH model. Since a prediction error of the GARCH model has been reported quite high, a lot of efforts have been made to improve forecasting capability of the GARCH model. In this paper, we have proposed MLP-GARCH and a DL-GARCH by employing Artificial Neural Network to the GARCH. In an application to forecasting Chinese Yuan volatility, we have successfully shown their overall outperformance in forecasting over the GARCH.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.474-485
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine the determinants and elements to enhance Korean international competitiveness, employing Porter's(1998) Diamond Model. Half of the 500 leading apparel exporters that were members of the Korea Apparel Industry Association in 2003 were selected as the target of this research. From May to June of 2003, survey questionnaires were sent to executives of these 250 companies in person or by telephone, e-mail, or fax. Seventy questionnaires were used for the final data anlysis. The items used were Reliability, Categorical Regression, and Frequency, using SPSS 11.5. The results were as follows: First, as a result of analyzing the influence of international competitiveness in Korean apparel industry, the firm's strategy, structure, and rivalry was the most influential factor. Others were related and supporting industries, government, chance, demand conditions, and factor conditions. Also, the elements that affect Korean international competitiveness were listed as the level of price competition in foreign markets, the level of labor cost, export marketing capacity, and exchange fluctuation. The most important element to improve the international competitiveness of the Korean apparel industry was a demand growth rate of the overseas markets(Demand Conditions), followed by the level of the labor costs(Factor Conditions), the capability of internationalization(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), the change of currency(Chance), the quality and management of products(Demand Conditions), the capability of planning products(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry), free trade from 2005(Chance), and global sourcing strategy(Firm Strategy, Structure, and Rivalry). Korea's main rival country in apparel related and supporting industry factors is China. However, Korea has a higher level of technology development, quality, and price level than China.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.20-36
• /
• 2020

Purpose - As the global product network expands through both internationalization and diversification of the multimodal transportation system, corporate strategies have shifted to emphasize the importance of a high value-added international logistics system. To guide policies and strategies to attract relevant industries, this study aims to analyze the location competitiveness of regional logistics distribution center to serve Northeast Asia. Design/methodology - Multi-criteria techniques are considered to offer a promising framework for evaluating decision-making factors. This paper employed an analytic hierarchy process to analyze the hierarchal structure of determinants for selecting the location of a regional logistics distribution center. Adopting both qualitative and quantitative evaluations, this study suggest political implications for a regional logistics distribution center development, such as the direction of political support, service differentiation and infrastructure development. Findings - This study developed a location competitiveness evaluation model, based on the case study of the major port-cities in Northeast Asia. Evaluation model incorporates five factors underpinning 17 components extracted using factor analysis. The results revealed that the logistics factor is the most significant factor for evaluating the competitiveness of a regional logistics distribution center. The remaining factors were market, costs, and services environment. Comparing qualitative and quantitative evaluations, results provide useful insights for a regional logistics distribution center development in Northeast Asia. Originality/value - This study revealed differences between qualitative and quantitative evaluations. The finding implies that prior works on evaluation models of competitiveness has not successfully measured the gap between quantitative data and expert' evaluations. To overcome this limitation, this paper considered both actual data such as actual distance, cost, the number of companies located, and expert opinions.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.37-54
• /
• 2020

Purpose - This study is to investigate the determinants of suppliers' dependence on buyers in the home country by developing a theoretical model of innovative activities. The high dependence of auto parts suppliers on a single local buyer in South Korea due to firm ownership issues and incremental innovation is examined using data from a set of organizations that supply intermediate goods to this automotive manufacturer. Furthermore, we tested the moderating effect of FDI and global knowledge sourcing on the relationship between firm ownership and suppliers' dependence on the local buyer. Design/methodology - To test the hypotheses, we examined a sample of 101 suppliers over 10 years in the Korean automobile parts industry. In this empirical analysis, we utilized a fixed-effects generalized least squares model using panel data. Findings - In this study, domestic firms (automobile parts suppliers) were more dependent on a single local buyer (automobile assembler) than foreign-owned suppliers operating in Korea. In addition, incremental innovation was the mediating mechanism between domestic firms and dependence on the local buyer. To reduce this dependence on the buyer, we suggest two different international strategies: geographical diversification through FDI and global knowledge sourcing. Originality/value - Previous studies showed that asymmetric dependence between firms has many adverse effects. This study proved that domestic and foreign-owned suppliers have different levels of dependence on local buyers due to their heterogeneous characteristics and business strategies. We distinguish two different types of innovation - radical innovation and incremental innovation - that previous studies have often treated as equal when it comes to firm autonomy. Finally, we propose that both FDI and international knowledge sourcing as global strategies to weaken suppliers' asymmetric dependence on a single buyer.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
• /
• 2017.10a
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2017

Korea's domestic construction market and overseas construction order environment are experiencing a decreasing trend, and this trend is expected to continue. Therefore, domestic construction companies are seeking to enter the global construction market. This study analyzes the global construction market and the global competitiveness for global construction companies and provides the results. To this end, this study has developed a model to evaluate the global construction competitiveness level and to evaluated global construction competitiveness in 2016. The evaluation of global construction competitiveness was analyzed based on the competitiveness of construction infrastructure by country, and the evaluation results of competitiveness of construction companies. These assessments were based on 20 detailed international statistics (ENR, Global Insight, Compass, etc.). The evaluation results are as follows. First, in regard to the comprehensive global construction competitiveness by country, America ranked first among 20 countries, followed by China. European countries like Spain, Germany and the Netherlands ranked third to fifth, respectively. Korea ranked sixth, one rank higher than that of the previous year. America and European countries remain strong. Second, in regard to the comprehensive building infrastructure competitiveness by country, America ranked first followed by Germany. Korea ranked twelfth, which is the same rank as that of the previous year. When it comes to stability in the construction market, China ranked first and Korea eighth. For construction systems, Sweden ranked first and Korea thirteenth, and for infrastructure, Japan ranked first and Korea tenth. Third, according to the construction company's capability evaluation by country, America ranked first followed by China. Korea ranked fourth, two ranks higher than that of the previous year because of its building competitiveness (fifth → fourth) and design competitiveness (eleventh → eighth) which has improved. When it comes to building competitiveness, China ranked first and Korea fourth. For design competitiveness, America ranked first and Korea eighth, and for price competitiveness, India ranked first and Korea seventh. However, Korea is still in the middle of the pack rank among the 20 countries considered when it comes to design competitiveness. It is ranked eleventh for design productivity and thirteenth for foreign sales against the total sales (internationalization). Thus, Korea needs to improve technical power and tap into new markets for improved competitiveness, including increased productivity. To do so, more R&D investment is required.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.391-418
• /
• 2012

The use of SNS (Social Network Service) has been increasing in world society and the SNS has been used to satisfy different purposes of social groups over the years. In the beginning, the SNS were formed using e-mail, listserve, newsgroup, etc., where information was shared among relatively homogeneous groups of people. Now different groups including corporations have been using SNS such as personal web pages, blogs, Facebook and Twitter for their social media marketing. This study intends to verify the relationship between SNS use and export marketing performance. To achieve this, different types of SNS use were analyzed in order to verify their relationship with export marketing performance. The conceptual model is suggested in this paper and several research constructs are identified. The constructs used in this paper include export marketing performance, SNS use, degree of innovation, product online fitness, marketing competence, and internationalization competence. According to the results, the SNS use directly influences the export marketing performance. In addition, the factors which determine the level of SNS use are product's online fitness and organizational willingness to undertake innovation. Therefore, it is suggested to increase SNS use in different marketing purposes for future research.