• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.10 no.5
• /
• pp.45-62
• /
• 2015

Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO hereafter) can be described as firm level entrepreneurial tendencies. Initially Miller(1983) clarifies the construct of EO, and defines an "entrepreneurial firm as one that engages in product marketing innovation, undertakes somewhat risky ventures, and is first to come up with proactive innovations, beating competitors to the punch". After Miller (1983), Covin & Slevin(1989) adopted EO as a uni-dimensional construct, and insisted that these three dimensions can be combined into a single scale. Since Covin & Slevin(1991), researchers including Lumpkin & Dess(1996) have explored the usefulness of EO. However not many attempts have been tried to summarize the results of previous empirical researches, and to suggest future research directions. To examine and find implications, current study classified the effects of EO as 1) main and mediating effects, 2) moderating effect, 3) other effects, and provide theoretical and empirical validation of EO, which suggested by Miller(2011). After analyzing research results published in major international and Korean journals in each research domain, current paper summarizes and evaluates previous research results, and then suggests research directions for the future. In doing so, we hope to provide some theoretical and practical insight for management of small and medium sized firms.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.435-462
• /
• 2011

Increased attention has worldwide been given to exporting SMEs pursuing the rapid internationalization from their inception. In spite of the limited resources, exporting SMEs have entered in global markets successfully and then improve their internationalization performance. Nevertheless, there is little empirical research regarding internationalization in exporting SMEs, Using a survey of 317 exporting SMEs, this study designated organizational, entrepreneurial, environmental, and technological characteristics as determinants of internationalization performance as well as investigates empirically the relationships among the determinants of internationalization performance, export Support programs of the government, and internationalization performance. According to the results of the study, firstly, R&D capacity, globalization-orientation, international market environment, and technological characteristics (e.g. technological capacity and imitation) have significant effects on international performances. Finally, it is found that export support programs moderated the relationships between market information management, R&D capacity, management capacity, international market information, and technological capacity, and internationalization performance. Above results indicate that if exporting SMEs would not use export support programs effectively, they could not improve internationalization performance. As well, several implications for researchers and practitioners, limitation of this study and future direction were suggested.

• The Journal of Small Business Innovation
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.17-34
• /
• 2017

This study examines the role of family involvement and national culture in entrepreneurs' choice of mode of entry into entrepreneurship. Mode of entry consists of two choices: starting a new venture or taking over an existing firm. Specifically, we investigate how cultural values moderate the relationship between family involvement and their choice of business takeover. Using a cross-national sample of 3,831 respondents from 33 countries in Flash Eurobarometer data, we develop key variables and test our hypotheses employing hierarchical linear modelling. Our results show that the relationship between family involvement of entrepreneurs and their choice of business takeover is moderated by individualism, short term orientation, and power distance. This research contributes to understanding comparative international entrepreneurship based on national culture. Implications for policy makers and educators are discussed.