• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.31-56
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• 2020

This study investigates the impact of the use of the main local languages in Burkina Faso (Moore, Dioula, Fulfulde) on labor force participation. Using Ethnologue language data, I compute the relative language distance reduction index, after which I use a probit/logit model and instrumental variable approach to account for language use policy endogeneity. This study finds that the use of the Moore language increases the likelihood of labor force participation by 36 percent, with a strong impact on women at 59 percent, nine times higher than men, and 38.3 percent for rural individuals, five times higher than individuals living in urban areas. The Dioula language exhibits comparable trends, while Fulfulde has a negative impact on individuals. The study recommends the use of local language(s) as official language(s) to improve labor force participation. However, a bilingual approach combining local and international language(s) will be of use to account for globalization and international competitiveness. The findings here may be of use to researchers and policymakers as part of their effort to increase the labor force participation rates of women and rural individuals. Moreover, this research has significant implications with regard to the implementation of language use policies in a variety of postcolonial language contexts.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.397-420
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• 2022

This research was conducted by applying a bibliometric analysis to determine the dynamics of research topics from ten percent of research output (international publications) generated by Indonesian scientists from the period of 1945-2021. This study utilizes VOSviewers version 1.6.18 for analysis and visualization of bibliometric networks. The research results indicate that 50.24% of Indonesian international publications are published in the form of articles, with subjects such as: Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Medicine, and Earth and Planetary Sciences as the most dominating subject areas. Regarding the author, Tjia, MO from Bandung Institute of Technology was acknowledged as the top author in terms of the number of publications produced for two periods. The article entitled "Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013" (Ng et al., 2014) became the most cited one.

• Journal of International Area Studies (JIAS)
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.57-80
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• 2010

This study aims at the evaluation of procedural changes and policy outcome caused by the Open Method of Coordination(OMC) on Social Inclusion in the European Union. The policy instruments of the OMC introduced by the Lisbon Council can be divided into two groups: the outcome-oriented New Public Management(NPM) and the process-oriented Directly Deliberative Polyarchy(DDP). By considering the adoption process of the NPM instruments, it can be said that OMC could not be effective due to the vagueness of its objectives, the institutional barriers in decentralized decision-making, and the rejection of benchmarking by the Member States. The intended learning by deliberation and peer review as indicated by the normative DDP, is hard to achieve because they are not so reflexive due to relatively restricted and closed participation. We also cannot find any significant reduction of poverty after the long implementation of the OMC. Considering the higher recognition of poverty problem and expanding NGOs concerned with it, however, we may see some significant impact in the future.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.221-241
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• 1998

Though the arbitration agreement is a means to resolve disputes autonomously in essence, the Principle of Parties Autonomy and the Principle of Free Contracting can not be applied infinitely without any limitations but subject to the Public Policy and the Compulsory Provisions as established by an interested country. Such principle of law is applied to international arbitration agreements as well, but their validity should be determined by different standards from those in domestic arbitration agreements, in consideration of their internationality. The essential effect of arbitration agreement is to exclude from the jurisdiction of State courts. Depending upon definition of the legal nature of arbitration agreement, the range and contents of the effect of such agreement will vary. Whether State courts can intervene in claims related to Compulsory Provisions is an issue at the level of legislation policy which can not be easily concluded. But, the applicability of Compulsory Provisions can not serve as an imperative ground to deny the eligibility of claims for arbitration, so far as such claims can be disposed of by the parties. On the other hand, it is reasonable to view the arbitration agreement as a substantive contract in its legal nature enabling the authority for dispute resolution to be delegated to arbitrator, so that the Principle of Parties Autonomy can be widely applied throughout the arbitration procedure as well as with other legal acts on private laws. With this, the parties can enjoy an arbitration award appropriate for characteristics of a specific arbitration agreement, thus resulting in facilitating the use of arbitration procedure for international trade activities. To conclude, the Public Policy and the Compulsory Provisions as limitations on arbitration agreement should be applied to such an extent that they can protect States basic moral faith and social order.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.263-267
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• 2018

In this study, it is aimed to solve the problems of energy depletion, environmental pollution, climate change and traffic congestion in the coming generations. In Korea, the usage of public bicycle, which is a short-distance transportation system, is continuously increasing. Therefore, we analyzed the public bicycles of 'Taungryei' in Seoul and 'Nubiza' in Changwon City. We also conducted in-depth interviews with Stephen Anderson based on six principles of Creating Pleasurable Interfaces. As a result, users' discomfort was found in the functional part and the usability part of the public bicycle. Also, it was confirmed that the users were satisfied with the public bicycle in the meaningful part. Therefore, public bicycles should consider the user experience aspects to complement functional and usability parts for users.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.361-366
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out user preference on personification of the public service robot. Public service robot services in public places is increasing, which is expected to continue to increase. Proper anthropomorphism of robots has positive effect on user experience. On the other hand, when the level of likeness exceeds a certain point, it provokes strangeness and a sense of unease. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare standards for anthropomorphism required for public service robots. In order to find it, a survey and an in-depth interview were conducted. According to the analysis, people prefer verbal interaction with the robot, and the proper age for the voice is in their 20s and 30s. It is recommended that no biological signals appear on the robot and there is a need for personalized services. Through this research, it is expected that it will contribute to design of public service robots that enhance user experience.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.29-50
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• 2017

In emerging technologies, innovation processes are dynamic in that the government needs to regularly review its policies to resonate with rapid technological advancements, changing public needs, and evolving global trends. In the 1990s, the Internet grew at an explosive rate, but many applications were constrained due to security concerns. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) seemed to be the fundamental technology to address these concerns by providing security functions. As of 2017, PKI is still one of the best technologies for electronic authentication in an open network, but it is used only in limited areas: for user authentications in closed networks and for server authentications within network security infrastructure like SSL/TLS. The difference between expectation and reality of PKI usage is due to the evolution of the Internet along with the global adoption of new authentication policies under the Internet governance in the early 2000s. The new Internet governance based on the cooperation between multi-stakeholders is changing the way in which a government should act with regard to its technological policies. This paper analyzes different PKI policy approaches in the United States and Korea from the perspective of path-dependence theory. Their different policy results show evidence of the rise of the Internet governance, and may have important implications for policy-makers in the current global Internet society.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.23-42
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• 2006

Services, despite the difficulty of its exact definition, can be defined as deeds, efforts, or performances by economical bodies, attributing to four unique characteristics - intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity, and perishability. This study aims to research the global competition and problems of the local professional services, especially educational services and health services, and to suggest some devices for increasing the exportation of both educational services and health services. Educational services and health services were reserved in the multilateral negotiation to open the WTO parties' markets because of its national public benefits. But it is indispensable to open our local market by the bilateral FTA negotiation. Legal restrictions, therefore, related to both education and health should be erased according to the basic rule of the market competition, and it is advisable to control the national public benefit of these services by enacting the different legal systems. For recovering from minus balance of payment in the educational services or health services, furthermore, it is necessary to drive rather some offensive exporting policies than the defensive policy against supply from the foreign countries. In conclusion, the korean Foreign Trade Act and other relative acts should be revised, and both educational services and health services should be contained within the definition of "the international trade" for the governmental benefits of supporting the services exportation.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.3506-3513
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• 2009

This study is to analyze the ripple effects of Jeju International Wind Ensemble Festival on Jeju regional economy and to explain the influence of the festival on Jeju regional society and culture. This study analyzed the economic ripple effects of the tourism industry with the Jeju inter-industry relation table. To explain the influence on Jeju regional society and culture, this study examined society-integrating part, policy-advertising part, culture-developing part, and industry-developing part.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.44-72
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• 2021

This study analyses North and South Koreas' coverage as framed by the main Polish press titles from 1989 to 2019. The main method applied is a computational textual analysis of press articles based on frequency, correlations and co-occurrences. The purpose is to map the topics of the examined articles in the context of relations between Poland and the two Koreas in various areas, predominantly political and economic relations. Emphasis is placed on the impact the carmaker Daewoo's investment in Poland in the mid-1990s had on bilateral Polish-South Korean relations. First, the authors argue that Korean issues in the Polish press, mainly in the second half of the 1990s, particularly concerned economic affairs. Secondly, they argue that after Poland's accession to the European Union in 2004, the country's interest in the two Koreas decreased, and since that time has remained at a more or less constant level. Finally, the authors discuss the outcome of the research in the context of the main developments in Polish-Korean relations, taking into consideration the results of a Polish public opinion survey presenting the international linkages between national public opinion and foreign policy.