• Korean Circulation Journal
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.13-27
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• 2024

Background and Objectives: Comprehensive epidemiological data are lacking on the incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). This study aimed to examine the incidence, risk factors, and AF-related adverse outcomes of patients with CIEDs. Methods: This was an observational cohort study that analyzed patients without prevalent AF who underwent CIED implantation in 2009-2018 using a Korean nationwide claims database. The subjects were divided into three groups by CIED type and indication: pacemaker (n=21,438), implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)/cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) with heart failure (HF) (n=3,450), and ICD for secondary prevention without HF (n=2,146). The incidence of AF, AF-associated predictors, and adverse outcomes were evaluated. Results: During follow-up, the incidence of AF was 4.3, 7.3, and 5.1 per 100 person-years in the pacemaker, ICD/CRT with HF, and ICD without HF cohorts, respectively. Across the three cohorts, older age and valvular heart disease were commonly associated with incident AF. Incident AF was consistently associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke (3.8-11.4-fold), admission for HF (2.6-10.5-fold), hospitalization for any cause (2.4-2.7-fold), all-cause death (4.1-5.0-fold), and composite outcomes (3.4-5.7-fold). Oral anticoagulation rates were suboptimal in patients with incident AF (pacemaker, 51.3%; ICD/CRT with HF, 51.7%; and ICD without HF, 33.8%, respectively). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of patients implanted CIED developed newly diagnosed AF. Incident AF was associated with a higher risk of adverse events. The importance of awareness, early detection, and appropriate management of AF in patients with CIED should be emphasized.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.3942-3949
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• 2010

Since existing Nate-on Messenger application stores users' personal information in the database of its server, it is extremely venerable to internal threats, not to mention the communication data being transmitted without any safety measures. To solve such problematic areas of the existing application, we have developed a safer messenger application. The messenger application proposed in this paper discloses only the least required personal information of its users and the rest of the personal information is safely encrypted in the database using private passwords. This protective measure prevents the administrator or a third party from misusing the information since he/she will not be able access the information. In addition, users will be able to freely and safely communicate using this new messenger since transmitted data will also be encrypted.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.398-405
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• 2003

A fast response analyzer for measuring carbon dioxide concentration has been developed for transient characteristic and researches tested on internal combustion engine. The analyzer uses the well known NDIR(Non-Dispersive Infrared) method with miniaturized detection system, giving a time constant of approximately 30 microsecond, and sampling module consists of capillary tube. Since the transit time and the time constant of the sampling system depend on the sampling conditions, it is necessary to investigate the characteristics of sampling system before applied to exhaust gas measurement in engine. A unique method was designed to study the influence of the diameter of transfer sample line and operating conditions of the FRNDIR on transit time and time constant. A database of transit time and time constant was built up for different measured and simulated pressure conditions. The database can be used for correcting eventual $CO_2$ concentration measurement.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.223-227
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• 2005

This paper analyzes patterns of various characters in an animation story. Animation characters are the important element in a story. They reflect social facts and work an element showing internal aspects of human-beings. At first we need enough scientific basis to understand the development of these characters. Therefore, this paper analyzes the characters of 19 Disney animation on the basis of character disorder in abnormal psychoanalysis and establishes database of animation characters. This database can be a help to the develoment of new characters. Also, I think that characters inclination can be applied to fostering Emotion and education of animation audiences.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.73-81
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• 2012

Object: The aim of this study is to suggest a list of priority chemicals for the Hazard & Risk Evaluation of Chemicals (HREC) controlled by the Industrial Safety and Health Act (ISHA). Method: Screening assessment was done for 642 chemicals whose exposure threshold limit values were set by the Ministry of Employment and Labor (MOEL). Hazard data were collected from Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency (KOSHA) and/or other toxicity database. Exposure data were obtained from KOSHA internal database. The hazard and exposure scores of chemicals were listed by order of priority in accordance with GHS classification and exposure index data. Result: From the result of screening risk assessment for 642 chemicals, we extracted a list of 13 priority chemicals for HREC performed by the ISHA. A priority list of 27 chemicals which have carcinogen, mutagen and/or reproductive toxicity but not controlled by the ISHA was suggested for additional evaluation as "chemicals for special management".

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.190-200
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• 2011

Android platform provides a content provider and a cursor mechanism to access the internal SQLite engine. Content providers not only store and retrieve data but also make it accessible to applications. Applications can only share data through content provider, since there's no common storage area that Android packages can access. Cursor is an interface that provides random read-write access to the result set returned by a database query. However, this cursor possesses two major limitations. First, a cursor does not support a join clause among cursors, since the cursor can only access a single table in the content provider. Second, the cursor is not capable of creating user-customized field in the predefined content providers. In this paper, we propose the unified cursor architecture that merges several cursors into a single virtual cursor. Cursor translation look-aside buffer (TLB), column windowing mechanism and virtual data management are the three major techniques we have adopted to implement our structure. And we also propose a delayed synchronization method between an application and a proposed unified cursor. An application can create a user-customized field and sort multiple tables using a unified cursor on Android platform.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.275-282
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze acupuncture treatment methods and acupoints used to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or obstructive sleep apnea-hypoapnea syndrome (OSAHS). The data were retrieved from January 2010 to May 2022 from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database. The search terms included "adult," "obstructive sleep apnea," "obstructive sleep apnea hypoapnea syndrome," "acupuncture," and "electro-acupuncture." Clinical trials for acupuncture treatment of OSA or OSAHS were included in this review (4 non-randomized controlled studies, 1 was a case report, and 10 randomized controlled studies). For OSA and OSAHS treatment, the acupoints that were most frequently used included REN23, LU7, ST40, EX9, LI11, and DU20. Compared with the control or Western treatment group, the treatment outcome measures of participants in the acupuncture treatment group significantly improved. In some studies, participants in the acupuncture group did not have side effects and the treatment was cost-effective. The data analyzed in this review suggest that acupuncture is an effective treatment for OSA or OSAHS.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.87-98
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• 2020

HANSSEM is a furniture company that leads the market of residential space in Korea. The goal of this case study is to focus on how HANSSEM copes with IKEA, the world's largest furniture retailer after entering the Korean market in December 2014. IKEA's entry into Korea is possible to destroy the existing orders in the retail industry and reduce the profit of incumbent local players by realigning industry relationships. However, HANSSEM achieved rapid growth with the largest market share in the furniture market through its internal capabilities. The authors propose the main success factors in three ways: (1) residents-database including apartment floorplans in Korea, (2) high-quality human services provided by construction and A/S (After-sales Service), (3) channel diversification that provides comprehensive consultations (e.g., flagship stores, home shopping channels, stores in marts, and interior dealers). Especially, there have been various consumer needs in Korean market, such as creating their own stylish space economically. HANSSEM meets customer's needs by reinforcing the space-package (complete-interior is provided to customer in a package rather than combining individual piece of furniture) and opening showrooms, which makes customers freely experience the products and receive detailed consultations on interior designs by alleviating customers' difficulties in decorating their homes. Based on HANSSEM's outstanding activities and new investments, we look forward to seeing that HANSSEM will achieve its ultimate goal of maintaining the position of number one furniture company by attaining customer satisfaction through higher quality in Korea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.361-366
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• 2010

This study was practiced to investigate the existing study trends for Injinho that is numerously used for hepatobiliary diseases in oriental medicine. The studies selected from the domestic academic database included the following keywords in the title or abstract; 'Artemisia capillaris', 'Artemisia iwayomogi', 'Artemisia scoparia'. The studies considered were those published from January 1990 to May 2009. 198 studies were found to include the keywords related to the study subjects either in their title of contents or abstracts, and 104 studies among them were finally selected as subjects for this study. 81 studies among 104 studies(78%) were published between 2000 and 2009, while 23 studies(22%) were published between 1990 and 1999. Classification was proceeded according to study subjects as followed; 23 studies confirming hepatoprotective effect after artificial liver damage in a number of cells or the organ itself, 18 studies on anti-tumor effect, 12 studies on hyperlipidemia and fatty liver disease, and 4 studies on liver cirrhosis and hepatocyte regeneration. Furthermore, classification was conducted according to study methods as followed; 56 studies practicing in vitro, 33 studies practicing in vivo, 11 studies practicing both in vitro and in vivo. 2 studies on specific cases and 1 study on documentary records. The majority of studies report the affirmative effects of Injinho. However most study methods were restricted to in vitro and in vivo. Hereafter, case reports on various fields and multicenter clinical trials on Injinho is necessary.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 2003

In this review, we described the catalogues of the rice proteome which were constructed in our program, and functional characterization of some of these proteins was discussed. Mass-spectrometry is the most prevalent technique to rapidly identify a large number of proteome analysis. However, the conventional Western blotting/sequencing technique has been used in many laboratories. As a first step to efficiently construct protein cata-file in proteome analysis of major cereals, we have analyzed the N-terminal sequences of 100 rice embryo proteins and 70 wheat spike proteins separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. Edman degradation revealed the N-terminal peptide sequences of only 31 rice proteins and 47 wheat proteins, suggesting that the rest of separated protein sports are N-terminally blocked. To efficiently determine the internal sequence of blocked proteins, we have developed a modified Cleveland peptide mapping method. Using this above method, the internal sequences of all blocked rice proteins(i, e., 69 proteins) were determined. Among these 100 rice proteins, thirty were proteins for which homologous sequence in the rice genome database could be identified. However, the rest of the proteins lacked homologous proteins. This appears to be consistent with the fact that about 45% of total rice cDNA have been deposited in the EMBL database. Also, the major proteins involved in the growth and development of rice can be identified using the proteome approach. Some of these proteins, including a calcium-binding protein that tuned out to be calreticulin, gibberellin-binding protein, which is ribulose-1.5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygense active in rice, and leginsulin-binding protein in soybean have functions in the signal transduction pathway. Proteomics is well suited not only to determine interaction between pairs of proteins, but also to identify multisubunit complexes. Currently, a protein-protein interaction database for plant proteins(http://genome.c.kanazawa-u.ac.jp/Y2H)could be a very useful tool for the plant research community. Also, the information thus obtained from the plant proteome would be helpful in predicting the function of the unknown proteins and would be useful be in the plant molecular breeding.