• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.73-83
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Foeniculum Vulgare(FV) extract on the anti-inflammatory of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) exposed rats. Methods : We divided LPS exposed Sprague-Dawley rats into 4 groups. They were control group, feed with 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg FV groups. They were administered for 6 weeks. We measured the concentration of plasma interleukin-1${\beta}$(IL-1${\beta}$), plasma interleukin-6(IL-6), plasma tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$), plasma interleukin-10(IL-10), the concentration of liver IL-1${\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10. Results : 1. Plasma IL-1${\beta}$, plasma IL-6 and plasma TNF-${\alpha}$ concentration increased rapidly at 2hours after LPS injection and maintained high levels at 5hours after LPS injection. The concentration of these cytokines in the FV extract groups showed lower values than control group(P<0.05). 2. The concentration of Plasma IL-10 in FV extract groups showed higher values than control group at all times(P<0.05). 3. The concentration of liver IL-1${\beta}$ and IL-6 in FV extract groups showed lower values than control group(P<0.05). The concentration of liver TNF-${\alpha}$ in FV extract groups showed a tendency to decrease and that of liver IL-10 in FV extract groups showed a tendency to increase; however, these values showed no significantly different. Conclusions : In inflammatory response by LPS derivation, the FV gives positive effect.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.109-114
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• 1996

정신분열증에서 interleukin의 변화는 그 질환에서의 면역학적 가설의 부가적인 증거로 제시되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 quantitative "sandwich" ELISA 법을 이용하여 26명의 정신분열증 환자를 대상으로 연령을 상응시킨 정상대조군과 비교해 IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-2, IL-6 농도의 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 또한 정신분열증 환자에서 IL농도와 양성증상 및 음성증상, 연령, 유병기간 등의 임상변인과의 상관관계를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 정신분열증군이 정상대조군보다 IL-2 농도의 유의한 중가를 나타내었으며, IL-$1{\beta}$와 IL-6는 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2) 정신분열증군에서 IL-2, IL-6와 음성증상간의 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 본 연구는 정신분열증의 연역학적 가설을 지지하고 있으며, IL은 정신분열증의 음성증상에 관련된다고 생각된다. 앞으로 국내에서도 이러한 환자들의 임상적 특징, 진단, 치료에 관심을 갖아야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.251-261
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• 2005

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune/inflammatory disorder with a complex genetic component. RA is characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane in the joint, which leads to the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, ligament and bone. Several cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}\;TNF-{\alpha}\;and\;interleukin-1{\beta}\;(IL-1{\beta})$ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) have been implicated in the pathological mechanisms of synovial tissue proliferation, joint destruction and programmed cell death in rheumatoid joint. Genome wide screening of subjects suffering from autoimmune diseases especially arthritis revealed linkage to inflammatory molecules like $TNF-{\alpha},\;IL-1{\beta}$ and IL-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear factor-kappaB $(NF-{\kappa}B)$ and human leucocyte antigen/major histocompatibility complex (HLA/MHC) locus. The status of the pharmacological mechanism of herbal drugs in the light of genome wide screening results has been discussed to reinforce the therapeutic potential and the pharmacological basis of the herbal drugs.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Ecklonia cava butanol extract (BFEC) on RAW 264.7 cells. Method : To evaluate of anti-inflammatory of BFEC, We examined cytokine and Nitric oxide(NO) production in lipopolysacchride (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cell. Result : Extract of BFEC inhibit LPS-induced interleukin (IL)-6, NO production in human monocyte RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion : BFEC down-regulated LPS-induced IL-6, NO production, which may be provide a clinical basis for anti-inflammatory properities of BFEC.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2017

${\beta}$-sitosterol, one of phytosterols, exhibited numerous pharmacological effect including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immune-modulating properties. This study attempted to determine the pharmacological effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on atopic dermatitis (AD). We investigated to ascertain the pharmacological effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on 2, 4-dinitrochlrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD symptom and histamine-induced scratching behaviors in mice. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on the interleukin (IL)-6 levels in HaCaT cells and skin tissue of AD. The findings of this study demonstrated that ${\beta}$-sitosterol reduced AD clinical symptoms such as eczematous, erythema and dryness and serum histamine and IgE levels in DNCB-induced AD model and histamine-induced scratching behaviors in mice. Additionally, ${\beta}$-sitosterol inhibited the IL-6 expression in AD-like skin lesion and HaCaT cells. Collectively, these findings provide that ${\beta}$-sitosterol could be a therapeutic agent for skin inflammation including AD.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.89-89
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• 1997

Fangchinoline and Tetrandrine are the major alkaloids of bis-benzylisoquinoline structure isolated from Stephania tetrandra which has been used as anti-inflammatory drug. The purpose of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Fangchinoline and Tetrandrine on cyclooxygenase, interleukin-5(IL-5) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Tetrandrine at 100 ${\mu}$M did not show any inhibitory effect but Fangchinoline showed 31% of inhibition on cyclooxygenase. In addition, in mIL-5-dependent Y16 proliferation assay, Tetrandrine at 30 ${\mu}$M exhibited more than 50% of inhibition but Fangchinoline did not any effect. However in hIL-6-dependent MH60 proliferation assay, more than 50% of inhibition was observed by both of Fangchincline and Tetrandrine at 30 ${\mu}$M. Fangchinoline and Tetrandrine also showed anti-inflammatory effects by croton oil induced mouse ear edema test.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1423-1426
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• 2008

Nuruk, which is a natural inoculator and source of amylolytic enzymes, is used in Korean traditional rice wine. A methanol extract of nuruk (NE) attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitrite and interleukin (IL)-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. Both the n-hexane and water fractions from NE (MEH and MW, respectively) inhibited the production of nitrite and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells. MEH and MW also inhibited the LPS-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression. Further, and MEH protected against the LPS-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Together, these results indicate that nuruk may contribute to the anti-inflammatory and cancer-preventive effects of Korean traditional rice wine.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.1491-1497
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• 2007

Arginine deiminase (ADI, E.C. 3.5.3.6), one of the arginine deprivation enzymes, exhibits anticarcinogenic activities. The present study investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of the purified recombinant ADI originating from Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis ATCC7962 (LADI). LADI dose-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and the production of nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression and subsequent production of prostaglandin $E_2$ by LPS was also attenuated by LADI treatment. Moreover, LADI inhibited the production of interleukin-6 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. These results indicate that LADI exerts anti-inflammatory effects, which may in part explain its chemopreventive potential.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.139-145
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• 1998

In the present study, effects of interleukin-2 (IL-2), a differentiator and proliferator of T-cells, on nuclear maturation and sperm penetration of bovine oocytes was examined in a serum-free or serum-containing medium. Basic medium was used TCM-199 supplemented with 2.2g / ι sodium bicarbonate, 100 i.u. /rnl penicillin. 100$\mu$g /ml streptomycin, 0.25$\mu$g/ml Fungizone, this medium treated with FCS and IL-2. In experiment 1, we examined the effect of the addition of 0, 1, 5, 10 or 15nM /ml IL-2 to tissue culture medium (TCM-199) on nuclear maturation of oocytes Development of oocytes to the Metaphase II (M II) stage (%) was significantly (P<0.05) higher at 1, 5,10 and 15 nM /ml IL-2(54.2, 73.5, 80.0 and 69.6%, respectively) than at 0 nM /ml IL-2(35.7%). In experiment 2, we examined the effect of the addition of l0nM /ml IL-2 or 5% FCS in oocyte maturation. Nuclear maturation rates were significantly(P<0.05) higher l0nM /ml IL-2(80%) than non-treatment(35.7%) and 5% FCS(63.6%) treatment. On the other hand, there were no significant difference in the proportion of oocytes developed to the 2-cell stage after addition of IL-2 and/or FCS. These results suggest that IL-2 supports nuclear maturation of bovine immature oocytes in vitro. Serum-free maturation system using IL-2 might be useful for evaluation of various factors on oocyte maturation.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2006

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic and systemic inflammatory disease that is characterized by invasive synovial hyperplasia, leading to progressive joint destruction. Recent studies have described that RA is caused by virus, bacteria or outside material. Approximately 2 to 20% of RA cases arc reported to be associated with infected hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, the mechanisms underlying virus-induced RA are still unknown. Moreover, few molecular studies have addressed the inflammatory aspects of HCV-associated autoimmune RA. In this study, we aimed to determine whe ther or not another HCV core protein transactivates the IL-8 gene expression, prototypic chemokine, in synovial cell. Methods: To establish the HCV core expressing stable synovial cell line, pCI-neo-core, a plasmid encoding HCV core protein, were transfected to HIG-82 cell line that is an established cell line from rabbit periaricular soft tissue. We examined the morphological changes and cell cycle distribution of HIG-82 cells with expression of HCV core protein by inverted microscopy and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Also, we determined the mRNA levels of Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 related to the inflammation by RT-PCR and then analyzed regulation of IL-8 expression by the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway. Results: Our study showed no significant differences in morphology and cell cycle between HIG-82 control cell line and HIG-82 expressing HCV core protein. However, expression of HCV core protein induces the IL-8 mRNA expression in HIG-82 core cells via activated NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway. Conclusion: These results suggest that HCV core protein can lead to enhanced IL-8 expression. Such a proinflammatory role may contribute to the etiologic pathogenesis in RA patients with HCV infection.