• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.145-148
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• 2007

The people shares the street with various activities. The colour-blind also shares this public space of the city. But, the colour-blind is difficult to feel and act as the normal people, because of their limited visual ability. The purpose of this research is to suggest the color matching codes of the city for the colour-blind adopting the NCS color system. This research analyzes the result of the simulation with color programs. This paper discusses ways of improving city color planning towards the public environment for all people, especially the colour-blind.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-22
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• 2014

Among the various building envelope elements, the glass area takes up the largest portion in the office building design. However, a large area of glass can cause problems such as excessive solar radiation, thermal comfort, and glare. Thus it is important to install the glass area to an appropriate level, and control solar radiation and inflow of daylight with blind devices. This study aims to improve the visual performance of the work plane through the automatic control of the venetian blinds. A total of eight kinds of control strategies were chosen; Case 1 does not control the blinds, Case 2 with the blind slats fixed at the angle of 0 degree, Case 3 to 6 using the existing blind control programs, and Case 7 and 8 with improved blind control. Case 3 with 90 degrees had the best energy performance, but the average indoor illuminance was 113lux, which is below the standards. Cases 4 and 5 showed higher levels of interior daylight illuminance with the average of 281lux and 403lux respectively. However, the fixed angles may have difficulties controlling excessive direct sunlight coming into the room and may cause glare. Cases 6 and 7 used sun tracking angle control and cut-off angle control, and the average interior illuminance was measured 250lux and 385lux respectively. Case 8 used the cut-off angle control in an hourly manner, satisfying the standard illuminance of 400lux with an average interior illuminance of 561lux. It was evaluated to be the best method to control direct solar radiation and to guarantee proper level of interior illumination.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.22 no.3_1spc
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• pp.615-621
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• 2013

A blind system for window glass has been designed and manufactured as a CapStone Design project at Seoul National University of Science and Technology. This system automatically controls the interior illuminance to maintain a uniform temperature. The aim of this project was to support an air conditioning system and heating equipment to maintain a good indoor environment. Proportional integral differential (PID) control using cadmium sulfide (CdS) sensors was applied to control it. Polaroid film was attached to the new blind system to reflect sunlight. It was found that the system had the potential to reduce energy consumption and may be used with a building energy management system (BEMS).

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.854-859
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• 2006

This study aims to evaluate the effect on indoor environment by the application of the shading device on winter season. Therefore, thermal and visual experiments were conducted at two side-by-side mock-Lip test cells which were equipped with the shading device(venetian blind & roll blind) at interior and exterior side of the window. The results of this study are as follows: 1) At night of winter, the shading device can prevent internal heat from going out. 2) Exterior shading device is more effective in winter as well as in summer. 3) At daytime of winter, the shading device can provide the uniformity of illuminance, and the interior shading device is more effective.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Architectural Sustainable Environment and Building Systems
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.531-542
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• 2018

Building energy demands have highly risen in modern society; thus, It is necessary to reduce building energy demands especially commercial buildings adopting a curtain wall architecture. Curtain wall architectures have a high ratio of windows which is a vulnerable in heat insulations as cladding. In order to complement insulation performance of windows in these buildings, there are various methods adopted often such as installing blinds, wing wall and films. There are two suggestions of this paper. 1) WWR (Window-to-Wall Ratio) makes a impaction of energy demands in buildings. 2) Another one is an efficiency of blind systems which are installed in buildings in order to reduce cooling demands. It is also critical to make fundamental model for low-energy building construction by processing a lot of simulation As a result by this study, 1) an external blind system is more useful for reducing cooling energy demands rather than an internal blind system. 2) Buildings which have a large window require more amount of cooling demands. In case of WWR 45%, it needs more cooling energy rather than WWR 15% model's 3) Adopting blind system would reduce energy demands. WWR 45% model with external blind systems reduces about 4% of cooling energy demands compared to same model without any blind systems.4) it is necessary to study an efficiency of blind systems combined with renewable energy and it will be possible to reduce more energy demand in building significantly.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.3-10
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• 2013

This study aims to identify convenient surrounding of the hospital room to be improved by specifically focusing on light environment and to examine a change of inflow of the daylight in the hospital room by using blind and light shelf device as base data of preliminary research for comprehending the relationship between healing environment and natural day light. Simulation analysis on previous facilities and the installation of horizontal light shelf that derives the inflow of day light has been specifically referred by using ECOTECT2011 program. In case of C-facility that mostly adjoined to exterior spaces, it was shown to be closer to a proper uniformity factor when an angle was controlled on the light shelf with blind installed at the same time. However, it was not overall appropriate because of visual displeasure occurred from inflow of much day light. In conclusion, it is the form of flat surface such as H-facility that provides an effect after installing the device to derive day light. Especially, it was shown that interior day light environment was improved when installing blind and controlling the angle at the same time.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2001

Due to aesthetic, economic, and structural performance, the use of structural hollow sections as columns in both continuous moment resisting and nominally pinned construction is attractive. Connecting the beams to these sections is somewhat problematic as there is no access to the interior of the section to allow for the tightening of a standard bolt. Therefore, bolts that may be tightened from one side, i.e., blind bolts, have been developed to facilitate the use of site bolting for this arrangement. This paper critically reviews available information concerning blind bolting technology, especially the performance of fasteners in shear, tension, and moment resisting connections. Also provided is an explanation of the way in which the results have been incorporated into design guidance covering the particular case of nominally pinned connections. For moment resisting connections, it is concluded that whilst the principle has been adequately demonstrated, sufficient data are currently not available to permit the provision of authoritative design guidance. In addition, inherent flexibilities in the connections mean that performance equivalent to full strength and rigid is unlikely to be achievable: a semicontinuous approach to frame design will therefore be necessary.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-89
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• 2021

This simulation based study analyzed the horizontal daylight distribution on the floor and ceiling of a small office space based on window orientations and interior window blind positions. South and north facing windows were each tested without window blinds and with window blinds at 45° and 180° (horizontal). The study showed that the illuminance value was highest 1m from the window. On the floor and ceiling, the difference in illuminance value was the greatest and least in December and June, respectively. The indoor illuminance value was highest when there was no window blind and under south-facing conditions. The greatest illuminance difference occurred between window blinds positioned at 45° and 180°. Under north-facing conditions, windows without blinds or with blinds at 45° had the least impact on indoor illuminance with illuminance being more evenly distributed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.59-66
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• 2010

Natural ventilation is major strategy of 'sustainable building'. It aims to supply fresh air to the indoor, and to remove heat from the indoor during summer. In the latter point of view, natural ventilation can be grouped into two main strategies, daytime ventilation and night cooing. If we take advantage of these two natural ventilation strategies, indoor thermal comfort can be significantly improved. This study focused on grasping the current situation and problem of indoor thermal comfort of the naturally ventilated residential buildings to seek for direction of later studies. Additionally, thermal comfort of residence where the interior blind and exterior insulation were applied was analyzed. It was analyzed that the percentage of the time which satisfy the indoor acceptable operative temperature during summer was 90 ~ 95% and the heat control performance of natural ventilation has a limitation. When the interior blind and exterior insulation were applied, indoor thermal comfort was significantly improved. However, it still need more improvement.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.3 s.50
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• pp.46-54
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• 2005

This study explored how the elementary schools provided proper interior environments to the students in terms of ecological aspects. 14 cases-7 in Busan and 7 in Osaka which were newly built or remodelled since 2000 were selected. These schools were analyzed based on the eco-school guideline suggested In the former study. The guideline categorizes into three parts: 1) energy efficiency related with lighting, ventilation, heating and insulation, 2) greening, 3) sustainability including recycling water system and use of environmentally friendly materials. The results showed that Korean schools require more systematic planning for natural lighting, ventilation, Insulation, greening and new water system while Japanese schools need use of environmentally friendly materials and consideration for natural lighting, insulation and interior greening. Especially, natural lighting and natural ventilation through roof window, atrium, wind tower and use of natural insulation and blind window system should be basically considered at the Initial planning. Also, this study reveals that ecological approach including greening and natural lighting with various architectural form should be applied in future elementary school design to make the school environment more agreeable and economical.