• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.776-780
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• 2004

Interferons are cytokines that confer resistance to viral infection and inhibit cellular proliferation. The interferon alpha gene from human blood samples was amplified, cloned and expressed in E. coli (BL21). Leukocyte chromosomal DNA was used as a source of template DNA. Using specific primers, the gene for HulFN$\{alpha}$-2b was amplified and inserted into the E. coli vector, pET21b, by ligation of the HindIII and BamHI linkers of the vector and insert. The insert was further analyzed by PCR, DNA restriction mapping and sequencing, and expressed in a suitable E. coli strain. The production of this important cellular protein in the laboratory has significant applications in production of the recombinant pharmaceutical proteins.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.213-216
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• 1987

The distribution features of recombinant human $alpha-interferon(rHuIFN-{\alpha}A)$ and $^{14}C-radiolabeled\;rHuIFN-{\alpha}A\;(^{14}C-rHuIFN-{\alpha}A)$ were investigated in ICR mice after i.v. injection. The level of $rHuIFN-{\alpha}A$ in the kidney was significantly higher than those in lung and liver at 10min after the injection. But the level was reduced significantly at 60min. The level of radioactivity in the kidney was also significantly higher than those in other organs after i.v. injection of $^{14}C-rHuIFN-{\alpha}A$, but it was reduced at much slower speed than was $rHuIFN-{\alpha}A$. These results show that interferon is distributed repidly and the kidney is the main site of distribution and metabolism of $rHuIFN-{\alpha}A$.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.244-253
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• 2003

Objective : Interferon-alpha and Rivabirin are much used at the same time to treat Chronical C viral hepatitis. But interferon caused lots of unexpected side effects, Acupuncture Treatment for them will be an alternative plan. Methods : We first posed questions to a 4 year-old man who ha skin flare, fatigue, itching, insomnia, pronounced a diagnosis based on overall of symptoms and signs and then treated Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Electroacupuncture. We acupunctured a BL17, BL18, BL20 and removed it at once. We electroacupunctured at GV20, Yin tang(Ex-HN3) form 20 minutes, acupunctured at Bi yi(鼻翼, Extra-point), S36, P6. Pizhengge(脾定格) was acupunctured for 10 minutes. Results : The symptoms of fatigue, insomnia, itching are reduced after acupuncture treatments and they made a person keep interferon treatment on. Conclusions : We confirmed that acupuncture treatments make a patient of chronic C viral hepatitis reduce and improve side effects of interferon treatment. We should keep on studying the various and efficient method of acupuncture treatment to improve living quality and treatment efficiency of patients.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.418.1-418.1
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• 2002

Recombinant interferon alpha is widely used for the treatment of diseases including chronic hepatitis C. However. it has drawbacks such as relatively short serum half-life and rapid clearance like other therapeutic proteins. Using PFGylFltioo which is one of the well-established methods to fulfill the requirements of a long-lasting form of protein. wIe prepared mono-PEG modified interferon alpha-2a in which polyethylene glycol moiety was covalently attached to the amino groups of interfelon alpha-2a. (omitted)

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.108-112
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• 2019

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive, and fatal central nervous system disorder resulting from persistent measles virus infection. Long-term data are scarce, with a maximum follow-up period of 10 years. Interferon-alpha ($IFN-{\alpha}$) is a protein that exerts its antiviral activity via enhancement of cellular immune response and is reported to be an effective drug for the treatment of SSPE. However, there is currently no consensus regarding the optimal duration of $IFN-{\alpha}$ therapy. Here, we present a case report of a patient with SSPE treated with long-term intraventricular $IFN-{\alpha}$ therapy, which facilitated clinical improvement and neurological stabilization without causing serious adverse effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the longest follow-up studies investigating a patient with SSPE receiving intraventricular $IFN-{\alpha}$ treatment. Further studies are necessary to validate the benefits and safety of long-term intraventricular $IFN-{\alpha}$ treatment in patients with SSPE.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.266-269
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• 1993

The acute toxicity of a recombinant human interferon $\alpha$A (code name: LBD-007) was evaluated in both sexes of ICR mice, 5 weeks old, by the oral, subcutaneous and intravenous routes of administration. Based on the results, LBD-007 was not considered to induce any toxic effect on the mice in mortalities, clinical findigs, body weights and gross findings. It is suggested that LD$_{50}$ values in mice would be $>48{\times}10^8$ IU/kg in the oral, subcutaneous or intravenous routes.s.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.119-123
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• 1993

LBD-007, a newly developed recombinant human interferon ${\alpha}$A, was tested for primary eye and skin irritation in male New Zealand White rabbits. In the primary eye irritation test, 0.1ml of a solution of LBD-007 was instilled into the eye. In rinsing group, the eye was washed with water 30 seconds after instillation. No reaction was observed at the cornea, iris and conjunctivae by LBD-007. In the primary skin irritation test, LBD-007 was applied to the back of rabbits for 24 hours. Primary irritation index was "0" in test and control sites of all animals. Thus LBD-007 was evaluated as a non-irritant on the basis of the criteria of Draize et al.,(1994).

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.405-411
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• 2006

Biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) is a hepatoprotectant, which is used as an adjuvant agent in a treatment for chronic hepatitis. Amantadine is an antiviral agent, which is utilized primarily in the treatment of influenza, but also, occasionally in the treatment of hepatitis C. In a previous study, we reported that DDB, coupled with amantadine, would exert an anti-HBV effect, via the induction of interferon-inducible gene expression in the HepG2 2.2.15 cell line. The primary objective of the present study was to determine whether or not DDB and/or amantadine exhibit anti-HBV properties, and what mechanisms of action might be involved in such properties. In our study, we were able to determine that DDB stimulates Jak/Stat signaling, and induces the expression of interferon alpha $(IFN-\alpha)$ stimulated genes, most notably 6-16 and ISG12. In addition, the antiviral effectors induced by $IFN-\alpha$, PKR, OAS, and MxA, were regulated in the presence of DDB at its optimal concentration $(250{\mu}g/mL)$, to a degree commensurate with the degree of induction associated with the $IFN-\alpha$ treated group. Finally, we determined that the replication of pregenomic RNA and HBeAg was inhibited by DDB treatment, and this inhibition was maximized when coupled with the administration of amantadine $(25{\mu}g/mL)$. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrated clearly that DDB, as well as the combination of DDB/amantadine, directly inhibited $IFN-\alpha$ signaling-mediated replication of HBV in infected hepatocytes, and thus may represent a novel treatment for chronic hepatitis B, which would be characterized principally by its improved safety over other treatment strategies.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2006

The interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-dependent protein kinase PKR plays a key role in interferon-mediated host defense against viral infection, and is implicated in cellular transformation and apoptosis. We have isolated a cDNA of simian PKR encoding a product with 83% amino acid identity to the human homolog and showed that PKR expression is significantly attenuated in the Vero E6 African green monkey kidney cells devoid of type I interferon genes. A variant form of PKR lacking the exon 12 in the kinase domain is produced in these cells, presumably from an alternatively spliced transcript. Unlike wild type PKR, the variant protein named PKR-${\Delta}E12$ is incapable of auto-phosphorylation and phosphorylation of eIF2-${\alpha}$, indicating that the kinase sub-domains III and IV embedded in exon 12 are indispensable for catalytic function. PKR-${\Delta}E12$ had no dominant negative effect but was weakly phosphorylated in trans by wild type PKR.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 1999

Postpubertal mumps may result in ochitis and permanent testicular atrophy may develop following infection. This present study was initiated to evaluate the preventive effect of interferon-${\alpha}2B$ on infertilty after mumps orchitis. There were 21 patients with mumps orchitis between May 1990 and June 1997. Patients were randomly distributed into 2 groups: group 1 patients (n=13) maintained therapy with interferon-${\alpha}2B$ ($3{\times}10^6$ IU per day) and group 2 were managed by conservatively. All of the patients were evaluated with testis size measurement, mumps virus titer, hormone level, and if possible semen analysis. For group 1 patients symptoms disappeared within 2 to 3 days and the volume of testis returned to normal within 11 days and testis atrophy was not observed in all patients in follow up. But asthenospermia was continued in 4 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 2). For group 2 patients symptoms disappeared within 5 to 6 days and the volume of testis returned to normal within 10 days and testis atrophy was observed in 3 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 1) in floow up. Asthenospermia was continued in 4 patients (unilateral 2, bilateral 2). Sperm count and morphology were recovered all the recover in group 1, 4 patients had persistent reduced sperm count and morphology in group 2, respectively. These observations suggest that systemic interferon-${\alpha}2B$ treatment is highly effective in preventing infertilty as well as testicular atrophy after mumps orchitis.