• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.79-87
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• 2000

This paper describes experimental investigations of helium-air exchange flow through openings with vertical partitions. Such exchange flows may occur following rupture accident of stand pipe in high temperature gas cooled reactor. Exchange flow rates are investigated experimentally by using partitioned opening and opening with extended partition to assess fluids interference of the exchange flow at the stand pipe rupture accident. A tests vessel with the two types of opening on top of test cylinder is used in the experiments. An estimation method of mass increment is developed and applied to measure the exchange flow rate. A technique of flow visualization by Mach-Zehnder interferometer is provided to recognize the exchange flows. Amplitude and progress of interference fringes of the flows are observed and used as a support in comparison with the exchange flow rates. Flow passages of upward flow of the helium and downward flow of the air for both two types of the opening are separated by inserted partition within the opening, but in the case of partitioned opening, unseparated flow is formed at the opening entrance and the two flows interface. The exchange flow rate for the partitioned opening is not greater than that of the opening with extended partition because of the fluids interference at the entrance of opening. Finally, the fluids interference at the opening entrance is found to be one of important factors on the helium-air exchange flow rate.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.456-462
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• 2011

This paper investigates the outage behavior of peak interference power limited cognitive radio (CR) networks with multiple transmit antennas. In CR-multi-input single-output (MISO) channel, the total transmit power is distributed over the transmitantennas. First, we use the orthogonal space-time codes (STC) to achieve the transmit diversity at CR-receiver (rx) and investigate the effect of the power distribution on the interference power received at the primary-receiver (P-rx). Then, we investigate the transmit antenna selection (TAS) scheme in which the CR system selects the best transmit antenna and allocates all the power to the selected best antenna. Two transmit antenna selection strategies are proposed depending on if feedback channel is available or not. We derive the closed form expressions of outage probability and outage capacity of all schemes with arbitrary number of transmit-antennas. We show that the proposed schemes significantly improve the outage capacity over the single antenna systems in Rayleigh fading environment. We also show that TAS based scheme outperforms the STC based scheme when peak interference power constraint is imposed on the P-rx only if a feedback channel from CR-rx to CR-transmitter is available.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.630-635
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• 2001

The stem thrust required to unwedging a gate valve is influenced by the pressure and temperature when the valve is closed and by the changes in these conditions between closure and opening. "Pressure Locking" and "Thennal Binding" refer to situations where pressure and temperature effects cause the unwedging load to be much higher than normal. A model of these phenomena has been developed. The effects of pressure and temperature are analyzed to determine the change in this disk-to-seat "interference". Flexibilities or Stiffness of the disk and body strongly influence the unwedging thrust. Calculation and limited comparison to data have been performed for the RHR motor operated valve designs and scenario. Pressure changes can increase the unwedging thrust when bonnet pressure exceeds the pressure in the adjacent piping and temperature changes can increase the unwedging thrust when a temperature change after closure produces an increase in the disk-to-seat interference.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권9C호
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• pp.826-833
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 CR (Cognitive Radio) 시스템의 무선 적응전송에 대한 연구 기반을 마련하기 위해 CR 시스템 환경 및 시나리오 모델을 제시하고, 제시된 시스템 환경 모델에서 CR 시스템을 위한 간섭온도 인지 기반의 적응 전송 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 CR 적응전송 기법은 CR-APC (CR-Adaptive Power Control)를 사용하여 주 사용자에게 간섭 영향을 미치지 않는 범위 내에서 CR 사용자에게 최대 전송전력을 제공하고, CR-AMC (CR-Adaptive Modulation and Coding)를 적용하여 주어진 채널 상태에서 CR 사용자에게 최적의 전송률을 보장할 수 있는 방식이다. 모의실험 결과, 제안된 CR 적응전송 기법을 사용한 경우 주 사용자에게는 간섭 영향을 거의 미치지 않아 비트오율 성능 열화가 거의 없었으며, CR 사용자에게는 주어진 채널 상태에서 최적의 전송률을 보장할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 미국 FCC에서 최근 소개한 수신기 중심적 간섭 메트릭 (receiver-centric Interference metric)인 간섭온도 (interference temperature (IT)) 기반의 간섭해석모델과 이에 기반을 둔 주파수 공유 기법을 검토 제안한다. 기존의 단일 cognitive radio (CR) 사용자 (혹은 부사용자, secondary user) 주파수 공유 방안을 실제 다수의 부사용자를 고려한 주파수 공유 방안으로 확장 제시한다. 또한 주사용자 (primary user)가 시간 축 상에 랜덤하게 발생 (ON/OFF)하는 실제 운용환경을 감안한 새로운 간섭온도 모델을 제시하고 이를 이용하여 CR 용량을 정량적으로 분석한다. CR 용량은 시간 축 상의 유휴 슬롯 채널 할당을 위한 순시용량과 순시용량을 평균한 평균용량으로 구분되며 공유절차상에 이를 적절히 이용 채널을 할당한다. 제안된 공유 절차는 기존의 공유 절차와는 달리 주사용자로 부터 별도의 스펙트럼 센싱 정보를 요구하지 않으며 전송속도 및 채널특성에 따라 적응적으로 주파수 파라미터의 변경이 가능하다. 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 주파수 공유 절차의 타당성을 검증한다.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2011

In interference tolerance based spectrum sharing systems, primary receivers (PRs) are protected by a predefined peak or average interference power constraint. To implement such systems, cognitive radio (CR) transmitters are required to adjust their transmit power so that the interference power received at the PR receivers is kept below the threshold value. Hence, a CR-transmitter requires knowledge of its channel and the primary receiver in order to allocate the transmit power. In practice, it is impossible or very difficult for a CR transmitter to have perfect knowledge of this channel state information (CSI). In this paper, we investigate the impact of imperfect knowledge of this CSI on the performances of both a primary and cognitive radio network. For fixed transmit power, average interference power (AIP) constraint can be maintained through knowledge of the channel distribution information. To maintain the peak interference power (PIP) constraint, on the other hand, the CR-transmitter requires the instantaneous CSI of its channel with the primary receiver. First, we show that, compared to the PIP constraint with perfect CSI, the AIP constraint is advantageous for primary users but not for CR users. Then, we consider a PIP constraint with imperfect CSI at the CR-transmitter. We show that inaccuracy in CSI reduces the interference at the PR-receivers that is caused by the CR-transmitter. Consequently the proposed schemes improve the capacity of the primary links. Contrarily, the capacities of the CR links significantly degrade due to the inaccuracy in CSI.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.82-88
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• 1994

This paper deals with a FEM computation as well as measurement of the contact force and distribution of the temperature in rubber lip seals when the sealing interference between the rotating shaft and the lip edge is present. The study of the contact forces and distributions of the temperature and the sealing contact stress has always been one of the basic steps in the process of designing a lip seal. The calculated FEM results indicate that as the sealing interference increases, the contact force moderately increases compared with decreased sealing interference at the seal lip edge and radically increases the contacting width. And the FEM computation of oontact forces including nonlinear problems has been compared with experimental measurements with good agreement. The frictional heat does not dissipate promptly in the rubber seal lip and tends to accumulate at the contacting lip edge especially.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2011년도 한국컴퓨터종합학술대회논문집 Vol.38 No.1(A)
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• pp.420-421
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• 2011

This paper derive an optimal distributed power control strategy under both the probability of dropping a packet due to buffer overflow constraints at the secondary users and the interference constraints to the primary users.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.22-26
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• 2002

The goal of this study is to replace the current forward 2-piece propeller shaft of 8 ton large truck made of steel with 1-piece composite propeller shaft. A low cost Glass/Epoxy composite propeller shafts were successfully developed, which satisfy requirements such as the capacity of static torque transfer, fatigue strength and bending natural frequency. Devising secure joining method of a composite tube and metal yoke was the most critical issue in successful development of a high torque composite propeller shaft. In this study, joining method using thermal interference fit was adopted for composite to metal joint. Optimum conditions of heating temperature and interference level of thermal interference fit were determined from thermal stress analysis using 3D finite element method. Static torsion test, fatigue test, RPM and balance test were performed to verify the design.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.219-223
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• 2005

In this work, a hybrid composite proceeding bearing (HCJB) composed of carbon/phenolic laminated composite bush and steel housing was designed for marine vessels because the composite proceeding bearing reduces the possibility of the seizure problem between the proceeding and bearing. The two components of bearing were assembled by interference fit joining method and a series of durability tests were conducted using the laboratory bench with the lubricants of SAE 30 oil, water, and sea water. That the HCJB was found reliable under the interference fitting loads and environmental temperature change.