• 공업화학
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.376-383
• /
• 2011

글리시돌과 라우릴 알코올을 반응시켜 합성한 LA와 LA3 비이온계면활성제의 CMC는 각각 $0.97{\times}10^{-3}mol/L$, $1.02{\times}10^{-3}mol/L$이며, 1 wt% 농도에서의 표면장력은 26.99 mN/m과 27.48 mN/m이었다. 동적 표면장력 측정 결과에 의하면 LA와 LA3 비이온 계면활성제 모두, 공기와 수용액의 계면이 계면활성제 단분자에 의하여 비교적 짧은 시간 내에 포화되었으며, 1 wt% LA와 LA3 계면활성제 시스템들의 접촉각은 각각 27.8, $20.9^{\circ}$를 나타내었다. 비극성 오일 n-decane과 1 wt% 계면활성제 수용액 사이의 시간에 따른 계면장력은 시간에 따라 감소하며, LA와 LA3 시스템 모두 2~3 min 이내의 짧은 시간에 평형에 도달하였고, 평형에서의 계면장력 값은 각각 0.1524, 0.1716 mN/n을 나타내었다. $25^{\circ}C$에서의 계면활성제 수용액은 두 시스템 모두 비교적 안정한 상태를 유지하였고, LA 비이온 계면활성제가 LA3 비이온 계면활성제에 비하여 거품 안정성이 큼을 확인하였으며, 이러한 거품 안정성 측정 결과는 표면장력 측정 결과와도 일치하였다. 계면활성제, 물, 비극성 탄화수소 오일로 이루어진 3성분 시스템에 대하여 $25{\sim}60^{\circ}C$의 온도에서 상평형 실험을 수행한 결과, lower phase 마이크로에멀젼 혹은 oil in water (O/W) 마이크로에멀젼이 excess oil 상과 평형을 이루는 2상 영역만이 관찰되었을 뿐, lamellar liquid crystalline phase 혹은 middle-phase 마이크로에멀젼을 포함한 3상 영역은 나타나지 않았다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권2호
• /
• pp.1203-1205
• /
• 2007

Confinement of charge carrier and exciton is the essential factor for enhancing the efficiency and stability of the electrophosphorescent devices. The interplay between the properties of emitters and other adjacent layers are studied based on the physical interpretation with difference of energy level, charge carrier mobility, and corresponding charge-trapping behavior.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국재료학회 1998년도 IUMRS-ICEM ABSTRACT BOOK
• /
• pp.95.1-95
• /
• 1998

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.326-331
• /
• 1995

Poly(enaryloxynitriles) containing Schiff bases were prepared from p-bis(1-chloro-2,2-dicyanovinyl)benzene (2) and various aromatic diols having Schiff base moiety by interfacial polymerization. The chemical structure of the polymers was confirmed through synthesis of their corresponding model compounds. All the polymers were soluble in polar aprotic solvents and their brittle films were cast from DMF solution. They showed a large exotherm around 340 ℃ attributable to the chemical change of dicyanovinyl group. Especially, curing of azomethine group was observed to occur at 390 ℃ by differential scanning calorimetry. According to the thermogravimetric analyses, they exhibited excellent thermal stability with 60-90% residual weight at 500 ℃ in nitrogen.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.125-130
• /
• 2003

The emulsion stability of cosmetic creams based on the water-in-oil (W/O) high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) containing water, squalane oil and cetyl dimethicone copolyol was investigated with various compositional changes, such as electrolyte concentration, oil polarity and water phase volume fraction. The rheological consistency was mainly destroyed by the coalescence of the deformed water droplets. The slope change of complex modulus versus water phase volume fraction monitored in the linear viscoelastic region could be explained with the resistance to coalescence of the deformed interfacial film of water droplets in concentrated W/O emulsions: the greater the increase of complex modulus was, the more the coalescence occurred and the less consistent the emulsions were. Emulsion stability was dependent on the addition of electrolyte to the water phase. Increasing the electrolyte concentration increased the refractive index of the water phase, and thus decreased the refractive index difference between oil and water phases. This decreased the attractive force between water droplets, which resulted in reducing the coalescence of droplets and increasing the stability of emulsions. Increasing the oil polarity tended to increase emulsion consistency, but did not show clear difference in cream hardness among the emulsions.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2014년도 제46회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.204.2-204.2
• /
• 2014

Among various metal oxides, ZrO2 is of particular interests and has received widespread attention thanks to its ideal mechanical and chemical stability. As a cheap metal, Ag nanoparticles are also widely used as catalysts in ethylene epoxidation and methanol oxidation. However, the nature of Ag-ZrO2 interfaces is still unknown. In this work, the growth, interfacial interaction and thermal stability of Ag nanoparticles on ZrO2(111) film surfaces were studied by low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), synchrotron radiation photoemission spectroscopy (SRPES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The ZrO2(111) films were epitaxially grown on Pt(111). Three-dimensional (3D) growth model of Ag on the ZrO2(111) surface at 300 K was observed with a density of ${\sim}2.0{\times}1012particles/cm2$. The binding energy of Ag 3d shifts to low BE from very low to high Ag coverages by 0.5 eV. The Auger parameters shows the primary contribution to the Ag core level BE shift is final state effect, indicating a very weak interaction between Ag clusters and ZrO2(111) film. Thermal stability experiments demonstrate that Ag particles underwent serious sintering before they desorb from the zirconia film surface. In addition, large Ag particles have stronger ability of inhibiting sintering.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.272-277
• /
• 2021

Owing to its low cost, easy fabrication process, and good ionic properties, aqueous supercapacitors are under strong consideration as next-generation energy storage devices. However, the limitation of the current collector is its poor electrochemical stability, leading to low energy storage performance. Therefore, a reasonable design of the current collector and the acidic electrolyte is a necessary, as well as interfacial engineering to enhance the electrochemical performance. In the present study, graphite foil, with excellent electrochemical stability and good electrical properties, is suggested as a current collector of aqueous supercapacitors. This strategy results in excellent electrochemical performance, including a high specific capacitance of 215 F g^-1 at a current density of 0.1 A g^-1, a superior high-rate performance (104 F g^-1 at a current density of 20.0 A g^-1), and a remarkable cycling stability of 98 % at a current density of 10.0 A g^-1 after 9,000 cycles. The superior energy storage performance is mainly ascribed to the improved ionic diffusion ability during cycling.

• 대한치과보철학회지
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.248-257
• /
• 2005

Statement of problem. Cortical bone plays an important role in the primary implant stability, which is essential to immediate/early loading. However, immediate load-bearing capacity and primary implant stability according to the change of the cortical bone thickness have not been reported. Purpose. The objectives of this study were (1) to measure the immediate load-bearing capacity of implant and primary implant stability according to the change of cortical bone thickness, and (2) to evaluate the correlation between them. Material and methods.48, screw-shaped implants (3.75 mm$\times$7 mm) were placed into bovine rib bone blocks with different upper cortical bone thickness (0-2.5 mm) and resonance frequency (RF) values were measured subsequently. After fastening of healing abutment. implants were subjected to a compressive load until tolerated micromotion threshold known for the osseointegration and load values at threshold were recorded. Thereafter, RF measurement after loading, CT taking and image analysis were performed serially to evaluate the cortical bone quality and quantity. Immediate load-bearing capacity and RF values were analyzed statistically with ANOVA and post-hoc method at 95% confidence level (P<0.05). Regression analysis and correlation test were also performed. Results. Existence and increase of cortical bone thickness increased the immediate load-bearing capacity and RF value (P<0.05) With the result of regression analysis, all parameter's of cortical bone thickness to immediate load-bearing capacity and resonance frequency showed significant positive values (P<0.0001). A significant high correlation was observed between the cortical bone thickness and immediate load-beating capacity (r=0.706, P<0.0001), between the cortical bone thickness and resonance frequency (r=0.753, P<0.0001) and between the immediate load-bearing capacity and resonance frequency (r=0.755, P<0.0001). Conclusion. In summary, cortical bone thickness change affected the immediate load-baring capacity and the RF value. Although RF analysis (RFA) is based on the measurement of implant/bone interfacial stiffness, when the implant is inserted stably, RFA is also considered to reflect implant/bone interfacial strength of immediately after placement from high correlation with the immediate load-baring capacity. RFA and measuring the cortical bone thickness with X-ray before and during surgery could be an effective diagnosis tool for the success of immediate loading of implant.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.97-101
• /
• 2006

Silver electrode having a high Electrocatalytic activity is oxygen-permeable electrode, in which oxygen ad-atoms are adsorbed and moved toward YSZ electrolyte by bulk diffusion. It is the different point in comparison to usual porous electrodes, especially platinum, which react with oxygen only in TPBs(Three Phase Boundaries). Also ad-atoms at TPBs of Pt are diffused to YSZ electrolyte by interfacial diffusion mechanism. These properties were used for turning down the operating temperature of YSZ from over $600^{\circ}C$ to below $450^{\circ}C$. The different heat-treatment temperature between a working electrode and a reference electrode suppresses the formation of silver oxides and reduces a volatility of Ag as well. Above all, these own characteristics and special processes of Ag improved a long-term stability of a oxygen sensor.

• 한국염색가공학회지
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2007

In this study, for textile use, the octadecane of phase change materials(PCM) was encapsulated in several micro-diameter shell which prevents leakage of the material during its liquid phase. Microencapsulated PCM(PM) was prepared with the different weight ratio of core material to wall material and by interfacial polymerization methods using polyurea as shell material. Phase stability for O/W emulsion of PCM and PVA aq. (PE) was evaluated by Turbiscan Lab. The capsule formation win identified using FT-IR. Physical properties of microcapsules including diameter, particle distribution, morphology were investigated. Thermal transport properties of suede treated with PM(SPM) were determined by KES-F7 system.