• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.1407-1414
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• 2016

In this study, we develop that Location Recommending System using personal emotion information based on Collaborative Filtering. Previous Location Recommending System recommended a place visited by the user of the rating or the pattern of location for the user place. These systems are not high user satisfaction because that dose not consider the user status or have not objectively the information. Using user's personal emotion information to recommend a high-affinity users who have visited the place felt similar emotions objectively can improve user satisfaction with the place. In this study, a user using a mobile application directly register the recognized emotion information using the current position and bio-signal, and using the registered information measuring the similarity of user with a similarity emotion, predicts a preference for the place it is recommended to emotional place. The system consists of a user interface, a database, a recommendation module.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.125-130
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to provide a basis for studying the molecular mechanism of pharmacological action of chlorhexidine digluconate. Fluorescence polarization of n-(9-anthroyloxy)stearic acid was used to examine the effect of chlorhexidine digluconate on differential rotational mobility of different positions of the number of membrane bilayer phospholipid carbon atoms. The six membrane components differed with respect to 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 16-(9-anthroyloxy)stearic acid (2-AS, 3-AS, 6-AS, 9-AS, 12-AS and 16-AP) probes, indicating different membrane fluidity. Chlorhexidine digluconate increased the rate of rotational mobility of hydrocarbon interior of the cultured Porphyromonas gingivalis outer membranes (OPG) in a dose-dependent manner, but decreased the mobility of surface region (membrane interface) of the OPG. Disordering or ordering effects of chlorhexidine digluconate on membrane lipids may be responsible for some, but not all of its bacteriostatic and bactericidal actions.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.291-298
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• 2020

Purpose: The detection and exact localization of penetrating foreign bodies are crucial for the appropriate management of patients with dentoalveolar trauma. This study compared the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and spiral computed tomography (CT) scans for the detection of different foreign bodies composed of 5 frequently encountered materials in 2 sizes. The effect of the location of the foreign bodies on their visibility was also analyzed. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, metal, tooth, stone, glass, and plastic particles measuring 1×1×1 mm and 2×2×2 mm were prepared. They were implanted in a sheep's head in the tongue muscle, nasal cavity, and at the interface of the mandibular cortex and soft tissue. CBCT and spiral CT scans were taken and the visibility of foreign bodies was scored by 4 skilled maxillofacial radiologists who were blinded to the location and number of foreign bodies. Results: CT and CBCT were equally accurate in visualizing metal, stone, and tooth particles of both sizes. However, CBCT was better for detecting glass particles in the periosteum. Although both imaging modalities visualized plastic particles poorly, CT was slightly better for detecting plastic particles, especially the smaller ones. Conclusion: Considering the lower patient radiation dose and cost, CBCT can be used with almost equal accuracy as CT for detecting foreign bodies of different compositions and sizes in multiple maxillofacial regions. However, CT performed better for detecting plastic particles.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.10
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• pp.3854-3859
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• 2023

Background: This study aims to develop an evaluator that can quickly and accurately evaluate the shielding of low-energy industrial radiation generators. Methods: We used PyQt to develop a graphical user interface (GUI)-based program and employed the calculation methodology reported in the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP)-49 for shielding calculations. We gathered the necessary factors for shielding evaluation using two libraries designed for Python, pandas and NumPy, and processed them into a database. We verified the effectiveness of the proposed program by comparing the results with those from safety reports of six domestic facilities. Results: After verifying the effectiveness of the program using the NCRP-49 example, we obtained an average error rate of 1.73%. When comparing the facility safety report and results obtained using the program, we found that the error rate was between 1.09% and 6.51%. However, facilities that did not use a defined shielding methodology were underestimated by 31.82% compared with the program (the final barrier thickness satisfied the shielding standard). Conclusion: The developed program provides a fast and accurate shielding evaluation that can assist personnel that work in radiation generator facilities and government officials in reviewing safety.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.211-222
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• 1996

The conceptus which are resulted by mating between two genetically non-identical partners can be considered to be an allograft to the mother science which is not rejected by the mother's immunological attack. The present studies have been, therefore, attempted in order to elucidate the mechanism by which protection of the fete-placental allograft, between the C3H/HeJ female mouse and DBA/2 male mouse occurred. For this purpose, firstly systemic immunity was investigated by measuring T and B lymphocytes subsets. Natural killer cell activity in maternal splenic tissue and by observing the effects of pregnancy serums, progesterone and hCG on immune systems. Secondly, local immunity also investigated by measuring T lymphocytes subsets, natural killer cell activity in lymph nodes draining the uterus. The subsets of Thy-1.2$^+$ cells and L 3T4$^+$ cells decreased slightly while the subsets of Ly2$^+$ cell increased significantly compared with those of the control group beyond the mid-gestational stage. The subsets of B cell gradually in-creased from the mid-gestational stage untill delivery. The natural killer cell activity in the maternal splenic tissue significantly increased during the period of 5th to 8th day of gestation. The natural killer cell activity was significantly suppressed by the pregnancy serums and non-pregnant serums compared with those of serum-free group. The treatment of hCG significantly suppressed natural killer cell activity in the dose dependent manner (1 unit/ml-1000 unit/ml) while pro-gesterone increased the natural killer cell activity at phamarcological dose only. In the lymph nodes draining the uterus, the subsets of Thy-1.2$^+$ cells significantly increased during the period of implantation and L3T4$^+$ cell subsets slightly increased during the mid-gestational stage. The subsets of Ly2$^+$ cell increased significantly during the mid-gestational stage, but decreasing slightly be-fore delivery. The natural killer cell activity was significantly elevated after the implantation period in the lymph nodes draining the uterus. The natural killer cell activity of the lymph nodes draining the uterus was higher than those of splenic tissue during the same periods of gestation. It is therefore, concluded that during the pregnancy, the phenomena which the fete-placental allograft has not been rejected and rather protected from the maternal immunological attack might be due to local immune suppression in fete-maternal interface tissues rather than systemic immune suppression. And the subsets of Thy-1.2$^+$ cells and L3T4$^+$ cells mainly contribute to accepting allograft in early stage of pregnancy, while the subsets of Ly2$^+$ cell and the subsets of B cell increased significantly compared with those of the control group beyond the mid-gestational stage, so their role in systemic immunity and local immunity gradually increased from the mid-gestational stage until delivery.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.34-41
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• 2011

At present wireless internet access service is available through the 3G network, mobile WiMAX and WiFi anytime and anywhere. In this environment where there are various networks, users should be able to select specific networks depending on different situations. And it is necessary to provide mobility support between homogeneous and between heterogenous networks. Given this situation, the many proposals have been presented to link 3G, which has the largest service area among various networks, with mobile WiMAX(IEEE 802.16e), or with WiFi(IEEE 802.11). But, recently, with the increasing volume of wireless internet use and wireless internet data, due to the advents of net-book, e-book and smart phone, the service area of WiFi and mobile WiMAX has rapidly expanded. Especially, the availability of real-time application such as internet phone has led to the relative shrinking of the proportion of 3G mobile communication network giving conventional voice service, and enlargement of those of wireless internet access networks like WiFi and mobile WiMAX. This paper suggests a handover scheme based on PMIPv6, whitch support mobility between WiFi and mobile WiMAX, and minimizes handover delay. In this scheme, the mobile node has a dual stack structure composed of two interfaces-WiFi and mobile WiMAX. Since WiFi dose not support mobility, it is suggested that the mobile node have the capacity to deal with handover signaling between gateway in case of handover between homogeneous networks. This handover scheme, suggested comparing with current handovers between homogeneous networks, has proved, in its analytic evaluation, to be able to reduce handover, transmission, and signaling overhead.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.81-87
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• 2000

XOQ_DW code is currently used to assess the atmospheric dispersion fur the routine releases of radioactive gaseous effluents at Yonggwang nuclear power plants. This code was developed based on XOQDOQ code and an additional code is required to assess the atmospheric dispersion for potential accidental releases. In order to assess the atmospheric dispersion fer the accidental releases, XOQAR code has been developed by using PAVAN code that is based on Reg. Guide 1.145. The terrain data of XOQ_DW code inputs and the relative concentrations (X/Q) of XOQ_DW code outputs are used as the inputs of the XOQAR code through the interface with XOQ_DW code. By using this code, the maximum values of X/Q at exclusion area and low population zone boundaries except for sea areas were assessed as $1.33{\times}10^{-4}$ and $7.66{\times}10^{-6}$ sec/$m^3$, respectively. Through the development of this code, a rode system is prepared for assessing the atmospheric dispersion for the accidental releases as well as the routine releases. This developed code ran be used for other domestic nuclear power plants by modifying the terrain input data.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.375-380
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• 2002

Purpose : To develop a practical film dosimetry system for routine Quality Assurance (QA). Materials and Methods :An One Click Film (OCF) Dosimetry system was designed to perform swift routine QA with functions including automatic fog value elimination, angle adjustment, automatic symmetry calculation, and realtime profile generation with the ability to display realtime three-dimensional dose distributions. Results : The most frequently used functions for routine QA, such as the elimination of the fog value, conversion into an H&D curve, symmetry, and isodose distribution, can be achieved with only one click. Conclusion : Reliable results were achieved with the OCF dosimetry with simpler steps than other commercially available film dosimetry systems for routine QA. More research on the refined user interface will make this system be clinically useful.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.812-818
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• 2000

We studied the effects of Ge preamorphization (PAM) on 0.25$\mu\textrm{m}$ Ti-salicide junctions using comparative study with As PAM. For each PAM schemes, ion implantations are performed at a dose of 2E14 ion/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and at 20keV energy using $^{75}$ /As+and GeF4 ion sources. Ge PAM showed better sheet resistance and within- wafer uniformity than those of As PAM at 0.257m line width of n +/p-well junctions. This attributes to enhanced C54-silicidation reaction and strong (040) preferred orientation of the C54-silicide due to minimized As presence at n+ junctions. At p+ junctions, comparable performance was obtained in Rs reduction at fine lines from both As and Ge PAM schemes. Junction leakage current (JLC) revels are below ~1E-14 A/$\mu\textrm{m}^{2}$ at area patterns for all process conditions, whereas no degradation in JLC is shown under Ge PAM condition even at edge- intensive patterns. Smooth $TiSi_2$ interface is observed by cross- section TEM (X- TEM), which supports minimized silicide agglomeration due to Ge PAM and low level of JLC. Both junction break- down voltage (JBV) and contact resistances are satisfactory at all process conditions.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.291-299
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• 1997

As a microimaging device detecting gamma rays emitted from small lesions or tumors during operation, the intraoperative surgical probe has been proposed and is now under development. We have designed a multipurpose portable gamma prove system and evaluated the performance both for the absolute counting purpose of residual radioactivities and for the localizing capability of gamma events using the NaI(Tl) crystal and two types of photomultiplier tubes(PMTs). Counting efficiencies in the range of routine clinical use of radiation dose were measured using the assembly of single channel PMTs and 0.5 inch thick NaI(Tl) crystal of 1 inch diameter. The positioning of gamma events for imaging purpose requires the multiple channel PMTs with appropriate positioning electronics. We have designed a simple and reliable positioning circuit based on the concept of modified Anger. In preliminary experiments using the multiple channel PMT of 3 inch diameter and the dim lighth source, we were able to trace and localize the correct position with reduced positioning error by the use of two multiplier/divider chipset and simplified peripherals. The energy resolutions for the counting gamma probe measured as full width at half maximum(FWHM) for Cs-137, F-18, Tc-99m were 12%, 13%, and 36%, respectively. The spatial resolution for the imaging gamma probe measured as FWHM for green LED was 2.9 mm. The results indicate that the currently developing probe is very promising and could be very useful for many applications in nuclear medicine. Future studies will include developing collimators, improving interface hardwares, and evaluating the system with clinical data.