• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제53권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2024

This paper aims to investigate the impact of interfacial debonding on modal dynamic properties such as frequencies and vibration mode shapes. Furthermore, it seeks to identify the specific locations of debonding in rectangular concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns during the subsequent stage of the study. In this study, debonding is defined as a reduction in the elasticity modulus of concrete by a depth of 3 mm at the connection point with the steel tube. Debonding leads to a lack of correlation between primary and secondary shapes of vibration modes and causes a reduction in the natural frequency in all modes. However, directly comparing changes in vibration responses does not allow for the identification of debonding locations. In this study, a novel irregularity detection index (IDI) is proposed based on modal signal processing via the 2D wavelet transform. The suggested index effectively reveals relative irregularity peaks in the form of elevations at the debonding locations. As the severity of damage increases at a specific debonding location, the relative irregularity peaks would increase only at that specific point; in other words, the detection or non-detection of a debonding location using IDI has minimal effects on the identification of other debonding locations.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.181-194
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• 2017

In order to investigate the interface debonding defects detection mechanism between steel tube and concrete core of concrete-filled steel tubes (CFSTs), multi-physical fields coupling finite element models constituted of a surface mounted Piezoceramic Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) actuator, an embedded PZT sensor and a circular cross section of CFST column are established. The stress wave initiation and propagation induced by the PZT actuator under sinusoidal and sweep frequency excitations are simulated with a two dimensional (2D) plain strain analysis and the difference of stress wave fields close to the interface debonding defect and within the cross section of the CFST members without and with debonding defects are compared in time domain. The linearity and stability of the embedded PZT response under sinusoidal signals with different frequencies and amplitudes are validated. The relationship between the amplitudes of stress wave and the measurement distances in a healthy CFST cross section is also studied. Meanwhile, the responses of PZT sensor under both sinusoidal and sweep frequency excitations are compared and the influence of debonding defect depth and length on the output voltage is also illustrated. The results show the output voltage signal amplitude and head wave arriving time are affected significantly by debonding defects. Moreover, the measurement of PZT sensor is sensitive to the initiation of interface debonding defects. Furthermore, wavelet packet analysis on the voltage signal under sweep frequency excitations is carried out and a normalized wavelet packet energy index (NWPEI) is defined to identify the interfacial debonding. The value of NWPEI attenuates with the increase in the dimension of debonding defects. The results help understand the debonding defects detection mechanism for circular CFST members with PZT technique.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.89-105
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• 2024

Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method has exhibited broad application prospects in the nondestructive detection of interfacial debonding in steel-concrete composite structures (SCCS). However, due to the structural diversity of SCCS and the high stealthiness of interfacial debonding defects, the feasibility of MASW method needs to be investigated in depth. In this study, synthetic parametric study on MASW nondestructive debonding detection for SCCSs is performed. The aim is to quantitatively analyze influential factors with respect to structural composition of SCCS and MASW measurement mode. First, stress wave composition and propagation process in SCCS are studied utilizing 2D numerical simulation. For structural composition in SCCS, the thickness variation of steel plate, concrete core, and debonding defects are discussed. To determine the most appropriate sensor arrangement for MASW measurement, the effects of spacing and number of observation points, along with distances between excitation points, nearest boundary, as well as the first observation point, are analyzed individually. The influence of signal type and frequency of transient excitation on dispersion figures from forwarding analysis is studied to determine the most suitable excitation signal. The findings from this study can provide important theoretical guidance for MASW-based interfacial debonding detection for SCCS. Furthermore, they can be instrumental in optimizing both the sensor layout design and signal choice for experimental validation.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2006년도 제26회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.11-16
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• 2006

본 연구는 이종 접착 재질의 접착계면에서 미접착 결함을 검출하기 위한 새로운 시험 기법을 개발하기 위함이다. 접착계면과 미접착계면에서의 초음파 전달 현상을 이론적으로 해석하여 초음파 신호를 모델링하였고, 이론적 분석에 기초하여 미접착계면에서의 위상 반전 현상을 애용한 검사 방법을 FRP/고무 시편에 적용하였다. 정량적으로 결함의 최소 검출 능력을 평가하기 위하여 알루미늄/고무 시편에 평저공을 가공하여 제작하였고 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 펄스에코반사법과 새로운 시험 기법인 위상반전법을 상호 비교하였으며 이론적으로 예측한 초음파 신호와 실험에서 얻은 초음파 신호를 근거로 위상반전법으로 미접착 결함을 검출할 수 있다고 판단하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2009

본 연구는 이종 접착 재질의 접착 계면에서 미접착 결함을 검출하기 위한 새로운 시험 기법을 개발하기 위함이다. 접착 계면과 미접착 계면에서의 초음파 전달 현상을 이론적으로 해석하여 초음파 신호를 모델링하였고, 이론적 분석에 기초하여 미접착 계면에서의 위상 반전 현상을 이용한 검사 방법을 FRP/고무 시편에 적용하였다. 정량적으로 결함의 최소 검출 능력을 평가하기 위하여 알루미늄/고무시편에 평저공을 가공하여 제작하였고 일반적으로 사용하고 있는 펄스에코반사법과 새로운 시험 기법인 위상반전법을 상호 비교하였으며 이론적으로 예측한 초음파 신호와 실험에서 얻은 초음파 신호를 근거로 위상반전법으로 미접착 결함을 검출할 수 있다고 판단하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2008

초음파를 이용한 추진기관의 접착 계면 검사는 결함 검출 능력과 경제성이 우수하다고 알려져 있다. 하지만, 추진기관의 접착 구조는 다중 계면이므로 송신 펄스와 수신 펄스의 시간 간격이 짧아서 반사 신호의 분리가 어렵기 때문에 초음파의 신호 분석에는 많은 시간과 노력이 소요된다. 이런 이유로 추진기관의 초음파시험은 연소관과 내열재 사이의 미접착 결함과 같이 극히 제한된 영역에 대해서만 자동화 시스템으로 수행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 초음파시험으로 검출이 불가능했던 라이너와 추진제 미접착 결함을 초음파의 공진 현상과 램파 특성을 이용하여 검출하는 새로운 기법에 대해 기술하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2007년도 제29회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.55-59
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• 2007

초음파를 이용한 추진기관의 접착 계면 검사는 결함 검출 능력과 경제성이 우수하다고 알려져 있다. 하지만, 추진기관의 접착 구조는 다중 계면이므로 송신 펄스와 수신 펄스의 시간 간격이 짧아서 반사 신호의 분리가 어렵기 때문에 초음파의 신호 분석에는 많은 시간과 노력이 소요된다. 이런 이유로 추진기관의 초음파시험은 연소관과 내열재 사이의 미접착 결함과 같이 극히 제한된 영역에 대해서만 자동화 시스템으로 수행하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 기존의 초음파시험으로 검출이 불가능했던 라이너와 추진제 미접착 결함을 초음파의 공진 현상과 램파 특성을 이용하여 검출하는 새로운 기법에 대해 기술하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.1132-1141
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• 2019

Steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich structures have important advantages over conventional concrete structures, however, bond-slip between the steel plate and concrete may lead to a loss of composite action, resulting in a reduction of stiffness and fatigue life of SCS sandwich structures. Due to the inaccessibility and invisibility of the interface, the interfacial performance monitoring and debonding detection using traditional measurement methods, such as relative displacement between the steel plate and core concrete, have proved challenging. In this work, two methods using piezoelectric transducers are proposed to detect the bond-slip between steel plate and core concrete during the test of the beam. The first one is acoustic emission (AE) method, which can detect the dynamic process of bond-slip. AE signals can be detected when initial micro cracks form and indicate the damage severity, types and locations. The second is electromechanical impedance (EMI) method, which can be used to evaluate the damage due to bond-slip through comparing with the reference data in static state, even if the bond-slip is invisible and suspends. In this work, the experiment is implemented to demonstrate the bond-slip monitoring using above methods. Experimental results and further analysis show the validity and unique advantage of the proposed methods.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.51-56
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• 2000

Demand for new nondestructive evaluations is growing to detect tensile crack growth behavior to predict long term performance of materials and structure in aggressive environments, especially when they are in non-visible area. Acoustic emission technique is well suited to these problems and has drawn a keen interests because of its dynamic detection ability, extreme sensitivity and location of growing defects. In this study, we analysed acoustic emission signals obtained in tensile test of high strength fire resistance steel for frame structure with time frequency analysis methods. The results obtained are summaries as follows ; In the T and TN specimen consisting of ferrite and pearlite grains, most of acoustic emission events were produced near yield point, mainly due to the dislocation activities during the deformation. However, B specimen under $600^{\circ}C$ - 10min had a two peak which was attribute to the presence of martensite phase. The first peak is before yield point the second is after yield point. The sources of second acoustic emission peak were the debonding of martensite-martensite interface and the micro-cracking of brittle martensite phase. In $600^{\circ}C$-30min to $700^{\circ}C$-60min specimens, many signals were observed from area before yield point and counts were decreased after yield point.

• 열처리공학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2000

Demand for new nondestructive evaluations is growing to detect tensile crack growth behavior to predict long term performance of materials and structure in aggressive environments, especially when they are in non-visible area. Acoustic emission technique is well suited to these problems and has drawn a keen interests because of its dynamic detection ability, extreme sensitivity and location of growing defects. In this study, we investigated the strength of fire resistance steel for frame structure by tensile test after degradation treatment and analysed acoustic emission signals obtained from tensile test with time frequency analysis methods. In the T and TN specimens(under $600^{\circ}C$-10min ) consisting of ferrite and pearlite structure, most of acoustic emission events were produced near yield point, mainly due to the dislocation activities during the deformation. However, B specimen under $600^{\circ}C$-10min had a two peak which was attribute to the presence of martensite phase. The first peak is before yield point and the second after yield point. The sources of second acoustic emission peak were the debonding of martensite-martensite interface and the micro-cracking of brittle martensite phase. In $600^{\circ}C$-30min to $700^{\circ}C$-60min, many signals were observed before yield point and were decreased after yield point.