• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

Stock price multiple is one of the most well-known equity valuation technique used to forecast equity price. It measures by multiplying "the ratio of stock price to a value driver" by a value driver. The value driver can be earning per share (EPS), sales or other financial measurements. The objective of price multiple technique is to evaluate the value of assets and compare how similar assets are priced in the market. Although stock price multiple technique is common in financial filed, studies on the application of the technique in Thailand is still limited. The present study is conducted to serve three major objectives. The first objective is to apply the technique to measure value of firms in banking sector in the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The second objective is to develop composite price multiple index to forecast equity prices. The third objective is to compare valuation accuracy of different value drivers of price multiple (i.e. EPS, Earnings Growth, Earnings Before Interest Taxes Depreciation and Amortization, Sales, Book Value and Composite Index) in forecasting equity prices. Results indicated that EPS is the most accurate value drivers of price multiple used to forecast equity price of firms in baking sector.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.22-36
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of expected values for appearance management on interest in make-up and cosmetics evaluation criteria. Questionnaires are being administered to 244 college students from the Deagu Metropolitan City and Kyungbook province. The frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, regression analysis, and t-test are used for data analysis. Expected values of appearance management are categorized into pleasure/satisfaction, other-expectancy, power value and conformity. Interest in make-up factors are found to be leadership in make-up, others-oriented, and appearance satisfactions. Cosmetics evaluation criteria are categorized into 4 factors such as skin suitability, pursuit of utility, non-essential attributes and symbolism. Pleasure/satisfaction, and conformity are the sub-variables of expected values for appearance management and have significant effects on leadership in make-up and others-oriented sub-variables for interest in make-up. Pleasure/satisfaction, and conformity, being the sub-variables of expected values for appearance management, have significant effects on skin suitability, the sub-variables of cosmetics evaluation criteria. And conformity has significant effects on symbolism, the sub-variables of cosmetics evaluation criteria. This indicates that women show high conformity for expected values of appearance management, leadership in make-up and others-oriented sub-variables for interest in make-up, and skin suitability of cosmetics evaluation criteria.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.385-392
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• 2002

Collaborative filtering method for personalization can suggest new items and information which a user hasn t expected. But there are some problems. Not only the steps for calculating similarity value between each user is complex but also it doesn t reflect user s interest dynamically when a user input a query. In this paper, classifying users by their interest makes calculating similarity simple. We propose the a1gorithm for readjusting user s interest dynamically using the profile and Bayesian learning. When a user input a keyword searching for a item, his new interest is readjusted. And the user s profile that consists of used key words and the presence frequency of key words is designed and used to reflect the recent interest of users. Our methods of adjusting user s interest using the profile and Bayesian learning can improve the real satisfaction of users through the experiment with data set, collected in University s library. It recommends a user items which he would be interested in.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.7
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• pp.1171-1176
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose an effective bar code detection algorithm using the feature analysis and the labeling. After computing the direction of pixels using four line operators, we obtain the histogram about the direction of pixels by a block unit. We calculate the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the histogram and consider the block that have the largest difference value as the block of the bar code region. We get the line passing by the bar code region with the selected block but detect blocks of interest to get the more accurate line. The largest difference value is used to decide the threshold value to obtain the binary image. After obtaining a binary image, we do the labeling about the binary image. Therefore, we find blocks of interest in the bar code region. We calculate the gradient and the center of the bar code with blocks of interest, and then get the line passing by the bar code and detect the bar code. As we obtain the gray level of the line passing by the bar code, we grasp the information of the bar code.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.225-231
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• 2010

Transaction value of business-to-business(B2B) is composed of various factors for groups and time series. In this paper, we use the panel data for finding various variables and using this we analyse the factors that is major influence to transaction value of business-to-business. For analysis we looked at transaction value of business-to-business of 7 groups such as manufacturing industry, electric, gas and piped water industry, construction industry, retail & wholesale trade, traffic industry, publish, image; broad-casting & telecommunication and information service industry, etc. In our analysis we looked at the transaction value of business-to-business during the period from 2005.01 to 2009.12. We examined the data in relation to the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, company bond, composite stock price index, transaction value of credit card, loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange looking at the factors which determine the transaction value of business-to-business, evidence was produced supporting the hypothesis that there is a significant positive relationship between the transaction value of cyber shopping mall, composite stock price index and loaned rate of interest in deposit bank, rate of exchange. The company bond is negative relationship, transaction value of credit card is positive relationship and they are not significant variables in terms of the transaction value of business-to-business.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.7-17
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• 2022

Purpose: With the introduction of Web 2.0, the advent of smartphones, and the recent outbreak of COVID-19 worldwide, interest in online shopping has soared. In an online shopping environment, the desire for impulse buying increases compared to offline shopping. Research design, data and methodology: In this study, three marketing stimulating factors such as product factor, price factor, and facilitating factor were selected which affect impulse buying for clothing and accessory products in the Korean online shopping environment. The mechanism of causal relationship among them, and the role customer value between marketing stimulating factor and impulse buying was analyzed. Results: The analysis results are as follows. First, the product factor had a significant positive effect on consumer value and impulse buying. Second, the price factor also had a significant positive effect on consumer value and impulse buying. Conclusions: Although the facilitating factor had no significant influence on consumer value and impulse buying, the indirect effect through consumer value was positively significant. Consumer value had a positive mediating effect on impulse purchase in the order of price factor, product factor, and promotion factor.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.99-118
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• 1999

This study aims to find the significance of the ancient Egyptian arithmetic in mathematics education and to analyze the educational value by practical teaching of the Egyptian multiplication. In this study, we confirmed that application of historical materials in mathematics instruction enable students to awaken their interest, to offer the opportunities of exploration, and furthermore to develop their mathematical thinking ability.

• Korean Architects
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• s.608
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• pp.21-27
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• 2019

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.19-31
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• 2018

In general, an increase in consumer income increases interest in safe foods and increases consumption of environmental friendly foods. Meanwhile, even in Malawi, interest in safe food and environmentally friendly food has been increasing due to increase in per capita income, but research related to this has not been done yet. The purpose of this study is to estimate the value of environmentally friendly foods in Malawi consumers. For this purpose, we surveyed the consumption patterns and estimated the value of organic chicken for consumers visiting supermarkets. As a value estimation technique, Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used. Probit model analysis showed that price, expenditure on regular chicken, and knowledge of organic food affect the willingness to pay for organic chicken. CVM analysis shows that Malawi supermarket consumers are willing to pay MK2,514 (3.59) dollars per kilo of organic chicken, which is 25.7% higher than the average price of a regular chicken. Thus, Malawi supermarket consumers can deduce that they have a higher value for environmentally friendly food than regular food. These findings can be used in formulating policies on food safety by government officials, organic chicken meat marketing strategies by supermarket mangers, decision making to enhance organic food production by producers, in order to develop organic food industry.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.33-51
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• 2022

Purpose: The online market is growing the most in history due to the expansion of non-face-to-face commerce. In addition, as consumers' interest in health, food safety, and environment increases, interest in and consumption of eco-friendly agricultural products is also increasing. Therefore, in the case of a specialty store that sells eco-friendly organic agricultural products, a marketing strategy that can increase customer loyalty by reflecting these consumer needs is necessary. In this study, the store attributes of eco-friendly food stores are classified into location, assortment, price, quality, and employee service, and the effect of each store attribute on utilitarian and hedonic value is investigated. Research design, data, and methodology: The subjects of this study were customers who visited an eco-friendly food store. Of the 511 survey responses, 311 were used for statistical verification, excluding 200 who had not visited within the last 3 months. For statistical analysis, Smart PLS 3.0 was used, and after checking the validity and reliability of the items, hypothesis testing was performed. Result: As a result of the study, it was found that assortment, quality, and employee service among store attributes had a positive (+) effect on utilitarian and hedonic value. Second, location had no significant effect on utilitarian and hedonic value. Third, price did not appear to have a positive (+) effect on the utilitarian value, and it was found to have a positive (+) effect on the hedonic value. Fourth, It was investigated whether the presence or absence of delivery service had an effect on store attributes between utilitarian and hedonic value, and it was found that there was a significant effect between employee service and hedonic value. Conclusions: Among eco-friendly food store environment management will be required in order to provide food that meets the tastes and needs of consumers by diversifying the taste, standard, and quality grade of food, and to maintain or improve the quality. In order to unlike other stores, eco-friendly food stores have high price resistance from the point of view of consumers, so it is necessary to diversify promotional media such as YouTube and SNS to raise awareness of eco-friendly organic food.