• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2020

Objectives: The prevalence of psychiatric disorders among young adults is different from that among younger or older age groups because of biological and environmental changes. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders in 19-30-year-old Koreans based on their age and gender using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS). Methods: From the 2011 medical claims sample data of NHIS of 1,375,842 people, we extracted the data of 221,038 people aged 19-30 years, including 106,232 (48.1%) men and 114,806 (51.9%) women. We evaluated the overall changes in the diagnostic distribution of psychiatric disorders over a 3-year period. Results: The diagnostic frequency in women was 13,627 (59.0%), which was significantly higher than that in men. "Other anxiety disorders" was the most common psychiatric disorder in both genders, followed by depressive episodes, somatoform disorders, "other neurotic disorders," and nonorganic sleep disorders. In men, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder or intellectual disabilities were not among the top 10 disorders. In women, no significant changes in major psychiatric disorders were seen over the 3-year period. Conclusion: These results reveal the trends of diagnostic distribution of mental illnesses depending on the development, particularly in young adulthood. It is necessary to identify whether such trends are due to biological or environmental factors, aging processes, or complex influences.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2012

Noonan syndrome is characterized by short stature, typical facial dysmorphology, and congenital heart defects. The main facial features of Noonan syndrome are hypertelorism with down-slanting palpebral fissures, ptosis, and low-set posteriorly-rotated ears with a thickened helix. The cardiovascular defects most commonly associated with this condition are pulmonary stenosis and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Other associated features are webbed neck, chest deformity, mild intellectual deficit, cryptorchidism, poor feeding in infancy, bleeding tendency, and lymphatic dysplasias. The patient is a 10-year-old boy. He had experienced repeated febrile convulsions. He had typical facial features, a short stature, chest deformity, cryptorchidism, vesicoureteral reflux, and mental retardation. His language and motor development were delayed. When he went to school, it was difficult for him to pay attention, follow directions, and organize tasks. He also displayed behavior such as squirming, leaving his seat in class, and running around inappropriately. Clinical observation is important for the diagnosis, so we report a patient who was diagnosed with Noonan syndrome, mental retardation, and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.478-482
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• 2015

치료적 효과에 대한 선행연구의 분석 결과로 게임놀이치료가 ADHD, 틱장애, 의사소통 발달 장애, 자폐성 등과 같은 장애를 가진 아동의 주의집중력, 과잉행동 및 틱증상 감소, 언어적 의사소통 증가, 부적절한 사회적 행동 감소 등과 같은 사회 정서 발달에 효과적인 것으로 보고되었다. 본 연구는 아날로그와 디지털을 병합한 디지로그 방식의 놀이치료 컨텐츠를 개발하고자 한다. 이는 일반인을 비롯하여 치매노인, 지적장애인등의 치료에도 효과적인 방법이라 판단이 된다. 또한 아날로그 놀이와 디지털적 요소들을 융합하여 유아 스마트폰 중독이 초래하는 문제점을 방지하기 위한 디지로그적 관점의 새로운 놀이 시스템을 개발하고자 한다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.111-114
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• 2022

Many monogenic neurodevelopmental disorders have been newly identified in recent years owing to the rapid development of genetic sequencing technology. These include variants of the epigenetic machinery - up to 300 known epigenetic factors of which about 50 have been linked to specific clinical phenotypes. Chromodomain, helicase, DNA binding 1 (CHD1) is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeler, known to be the causative gene of the autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome. Patients exhibit various degrees of global developmental delay, autism, speech apraxia, seizures, growth retardation, and craniofacial dysmorphism. We report the first case of Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome in Korea, due to a de novo missense variant of the CHD1 gene (c.862A>G, p.Thr288Ala) in a previously undiagnosed 17-year-old male. His infantile onset of severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech apraxia, and failure to thrive are compatible with Pilarowski-Bjornsson syndrome. We also noted some features not previously reported in this syndrome such as skeletal dysplasia and ichthyosis. Further studies are needed to discover the specific phenotypes and pathogenic mechanisms behind this rare disorder.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.549-555
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• 2021

본 연구는 정신질환자의 범죄와 치료에 대한 국내외의 주요 연구 문헌들에 대한 개관을 통해 정신질환의 특성에 따른 효과적인 범죄 예방과 치료 방법을 탐색 및 규명하고자 했다. 본 연구 결과 첫째, 정신질환과 범죄와의 관계에 대해 아직 명확한 결론이 내려지지 않고 있으며, 그 관계와 함께 정신질환자의 환경적 스트레스와 촉발 자극 등도 같이 연구해야 할 필요성이 강조되었다. 둘째, 정신질환의 정의에 여러 가지 개념이 혼재해 있으므로, 조현병이나 망상장애, 반복성 기분장애와 같은 중증 정신장애, 반사회적 성격장애, 지적장애, 분노·충동조절장애, 약물남용 등의 특성에 따른 범죄 예방과 치료에 대해 연구할 필요성을 기술했다. 특히 조현병 등의 중증 정신장애의 경우 약물치료와 사례관리만 잘 된다면, 범죄발생과 재범율이 낮아져 지역사회에서 정상인들과 함께 잘 생활할 수 있음이 많이 보고되어 왔다. 그러나 반사회적 성격장애, 지적장애, 분노·충동조절장애와 약물남용의 경우에는 지역사회에서의 적응과 생활이전에, 심리치료는 물론 강도 높은 의료적, 생물학적 개입과 격리 등이 우선적으로 이루어져야 한다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구결과 정신질환자의 범죄를 효과적으로 예방하고 치료하기 위해서는 정신질환의 특성에 따른 세분화된 연구와 관리가 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 또한 국가적, 사회적으로는 정신질환자에 대한 인식개선, 인권증진과 효율적인 지역사회 돌봄도 함께 이루어져야 할 것이다. 본 연구의 한계점과 향후 연구과제가 논의되었다.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.10-13
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• 2019

A 10-year and 5 month-old girl with developmental delay, intellectual disability, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, poor weight gain, and microcephaly was transferred to our pediatric clinic for genetic evaluation. Her height was within the 5-10th percentile, and her weight was under the 3rd percentile. On the social maturity scale, her developmental status was scored as 3 years 9 months for social age, and the social quotient was 35.98. A chromosomal microarray analysis was performed and the microduplication at chromosome 16p was observed: arr[GRCh37] 16p11.2 (29580020_30190029)${\times}3$. Currently, the patient is diagnosed with Grade 2 intellectual disability and is attending a computerized cognitive rehabilitation class twice weekly. In addition, nutritional support and growth follow up are also ensured in the Pediatric Gastrointestinal and Endocrinology clinic.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.170-175
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• 2014

성장장애는 두개안면부의 골격성장과 영구치의 조기상실에 영향을 미친다. 본 증례는 성장장애 환자에서 치아를 조기 상실한 부위에 무피판 술식으로 임플란트를 식립 시 컴퓨터 단층촬영(CT)을 통한 인접치아의 확인과 임플란트 가이드의 필요성을 살펴보았다. 특발성 저신장과 3급 정신지체의 20세의 여환에서 구치의 회복을 위해 임플란트 고정성 보철을 계획하였다. CT 영상에서 인접치가 심하게 협측으로 위치되어 있었고, 이를 반영하여 가이드를 제작후 임플란트를 식립하였다. 이상 위치된 인접치를 기준으로 임플란트를 식립할 경우 협측 골의 천공이 발생할 수 있다. 그러므로 성장장애 환자에서 치아 조기 상실부에 임플란트를 식립 시 CT를 통한 치아의 위치 확인과 가이드의 제작이 요구된다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2019

본 연구는 지적장애 특수학교 교사들의 안전사고 실태 및 예방교육에 관한 연구를 효과적인 안전교육 방안의 목적이다. 그 결과를 요약하면 지적장애 특수학교 교사의 안전교육활동, 안전교육환경, 안전교육인식, 안전교육지식, 안전자원 및 연수경험, 내 외부요인 간에는 통계적으로 유의미한 정(+)적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타나 상호 보완적인 관계에 있음을 알 수 있다. 전체적으로 교사의 안전사고 경험이 기대이상 높고 교실, 계단, 강당, 놀이기구 등 장소, 시간, 유형에 따라 다양하게 발생되고 있음을 알 수 있다, 이를 예방하기 위한 안전교육 실천도 또한 안전자료와 연수경험에 안전교육 지식과 인식도, 교육활동 순으로 나타내 특수학교 교사의 안전자원과 연수경험의 기회 제공이 보다 확충되어야 할 것을 시사해 주었다.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2022

The microdeletion syndrome of chromosome 2p15p16.1 (MIM: 612513) is an extremely rare contiguous gene deletion syndrome. Microdeletions of varying sizes in the 2p15-16.1 region are associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, hypotonia, and craniofacial dysmorphism. Previous studies have identified two critical regions: the proximal 2p15 and distal 2p16.1 regions. BCL11A, PAPOLG, and REL genes play crucial roles in patients with 2p16.1 microdeletion. To our knowledge, only 39 patients have been reported as having 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome. Here, we present another patient with 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome. A nine-month-old boy was referred to our clinic for the psychomotor delay, facial dysmorphism, and congenital hypothyroidism. During his follow-up visits, he was diagnosed with global developmental delay, intellectual disability, abnormal behavior, hypotonia, microcephaly, and abnormal electroencephalography. Using a chromosomal microarray for genetic analysis, a novel, de novo, 622 kb microdeletion of 2p16.1 was identified as one of the critical regions of the 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome. This is the first case of its kind in Korea. We have discussed our case and literature reviews to clarify the relationship between the genes involved and clinical phenotypes in 2p15p16.1 microdeletion syndrome.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2012

This paper derives a benchmark dose(BMD) and its 95% lower confidence limit(BMDL) using a semi-parametric regression model for small lead based changes in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) scores in the first wave of the Children's Health and Environment Research(CHEER) survey data, which have been regularly collected in South Korea since 2005. Ha et al. (2009) showed that the appearance of ADHD symptoms had a borderline trend of increasing with the blood lead concentration. Butdz-J${\o}$rgensen (EFSA, 2010a) derived the BMDL of lead corresponding to a benchmark region of 1 full intelligent quotient (IQ) score using the raw data in Lanphear et al. (2005, EHP). European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2010b) determined the BMDL of $1.2{\mu}g/dl$ as a reference point for the characterization of lead when assessing the risk of the intellectual deficit measured by IQ scores. Kim et al. (2011) indicated that an even lower BMDL could be obtained based on the ADHD score; however, the BMDLs depended heavily upon the model assumptions. We show in this paper that a semi-parametric approach resolves the model dependence of BMDLs.