• 지식경영연구
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.35-48
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• 2009

The paper proposes a quantitative causal ordering map (QCOM) to combine qualitative and quantitative methods in a framework. The procedures for developing QCOM consist of three phases. The first phase is to collect partially known causal dependencies from experts and to convert them into relations and causal nodes of a model graph. The second phase is to find the global causal structure by tracing causality among relation and causal nodes and to represent it in causal ordering graph with signed coefficient. Causal ordering graph is converted into QCOM by assigning regression coefficient estimated from path analysis in the third phase. Experiments with the prediction model of Korea stock price show results as following; First, the QCOM can support the design of qualitative and quantitative model by finding the global causal structure from partially known causal dependencies. Second, the QCOM can be used as an integration tool of qualitative and quantitative model to offerhigher explanatory capability and quantitative measurability. The QCOM with static and dynamic analysis is applied to investigate the changes in factors involved in the model at present as well discrete times in the future.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 1999

FCM(Fuzzy Cognitive Map) is proposed for representing causal reasoning. Its structure allows systematic causal reasoning through a forward inference. By using the FCM, authors have proposed FCM-based fault diagnostic algorithm. However, it can offer multiple interpretations for a single fault. In process engineering, as experience accumulated, some form of quantitative process knowledge is available. If this information can be integrated into the FCM-based fault diagnosis, the diagnostic resolution can be further improved. The purpose of this paper is to propose an enhanced FCM-based fault diagnostic scheme. Firstly, the membership function of fuzzy set theory is used to integrate quantitative knowledge into the FCM-based diagnostic scheme. Secondly, modified TAM recall procedure is proposed. Considering that the integration of quantitative knowledge into FCM-based diagnosis requires a great deal of engineering efforts, thirdly, an automated procedure for fusing the quantitative knowledge into FCM-based diagnosis is proposed by utilizing self-learning feature of neural network. Finally, the proposed diagnostic scheme has been tested by simulation on the two-tank system.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.161-174
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• 2014

This study performs an investigative research on the shopping value of consumers who purchase fashion/beauty products using group buying social commerce among the types of social commerce and private shopping malls. We provide basic knowledge on consumer behavior using social commerce newly appeared as shopping channels. For the method, the research was performed by designing a sequential integration method of conducting quantitative verification after qualitative research. As a result of qualitative research, multiple shopping values have been shown as the common shopping values of consumers using two types of shopping malls. The dimensions are price, quality, convenience, interaction, information, reliability, hedonic and impulse buying values. A total of eight sub-dimensions have appeared due to performing quantitative verification on the shopping value of group buying social commerce. The dimensions are same as the results from the qualitative research. The shopping value of consumers who purchase fashion/beauty products using private shopping malls has been classified into seven dimensions (except interaction value).

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.588-592
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• 2015

Many studies have affirmed a negative influence of fragmentation on learning and knowledge sharing in construction projects. However, the literature overlooked enablers of learning within this context. The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that facilitate project learning and ways to negate any unbecoming effects of fragmentation. Qualitative study used to explore the enablers through interviews administered to 11 top management individuals working in different construction projects in Malaysia. The findings revealed the following factors: participation, relationships, togetherness, and roles of project leader and coordinator. The role of boundary objects was also highlighted including information technology (IT), contract and procedures, drawings, specifications, and reports. The outcome of this paper initiates the development of a model for better knowledge creation and sharing in construction projects. The significance of this model stems from its ability to connection both the characteristics of construction project and project learning theories using the enablers. It is envisaged that future work will be to confirm the model in a quantitative study.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.448-466
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• 2019

오늘날 기업들은 비용절감과 효율적인 운영을 위한 수단으로서 SCM(공급사슬관리)에 관심이 더욱 집중되고 있다. 글로벌 환경의 불확실성과 미래 경쟁력에 있어서 기업은 지속적인 경쟁우위를 차지하고 이를 지속적으로 유지할 수 있는가 하는 것이 기업의 궁극적인 최대 목표인 것이다. 이러한 점에서, 중소부품제조업체의 경영전략, 협업프로세스 및 SCM통합이 기업성과에 미치는 영향력을 밝히는데 목적을 갖고 실증분석을 하였으며 그 결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 국내 중소부품제조업체에서의 경영전략, 협업프로세스 및 SCM통합이 기업성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳐 가설은 모두 채택되었다. 이는 중소부품제조업으로서의 경영전략을 위한 품질, 원가, 유연성, 납기와 협업을 위한 전략적 목표인지, 지원정책, 문제해결방안, 지식정보공유가 SCM통합의 품질신뢰성, 비용절감, 납기준수능력, 정보시스템운영을 향상시켜 종국적으로 기업의 정량적, 정성적 성과를 높여주는 기제임을 확인시켜준 것으로 평가할 수 있다.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1995년도 추계학술대회 95 KFIS Workshop Realization of Human Friendly System Based on Soft Computiong Techniques
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• pp.124-140
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• 1995

The merit of fuzzy rule based systems stems from their capability of encoding qualitative knowledge of experts into quantitative rules. Recent advancement in automatic tuning or self-organization of fuzzy rules from experimental data further enhances their power, allowing the integration of the top-down encoding of knowledge with the bottom-up learning of rules. In this paper, methods of self-organizing fuzzy rules and of performing defuzzification and inference is presented based on a multi-resolution radial basis function network. The network learns an arbitrary input-output mapping from sample distribution as the union of hyper-ellipsoidal clusters of various locations, sizes and shapes. The hyper-ellipsoidal clusters, representing fuzzy rules, are self-organized based of global competition in such a way as to ensute uniform mapping errors. The cooperative interpolation among the multiple clusters associated with a mapping allows the network to perform a bidirectional many-to-many mapping, representing a particular from of defuzzification. Finally, an inference engine is constructed for the network to search for an optimal chain of rules or situation transitions under the constraint of transition feasibilities imposed by the learned mapping. Applications of the proposed network to skill acquisition are shown.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7237-7241
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• 2013

Background: Smokeless tobacco use in South Asia is believed to be a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality. In India, only a few studies involving health educational intervention by health care providers have demonstrated reduction in smokeless tobacco usage. In the present study we assessed the cessation efforts towards smokeless tobacco by physicians in two high tobacco prevalence states of India. The study also identified opportunities and barriers for integration of tobacco cessation services in routine practices of physicians. Materials and Methods: This mixed method study involved qualitative (phase I) and quantitative research study (phase II). In phase I, 59 in-depth interviews with physicians were conducted. In phase II, a quantitative study conducted among 238 physicians. An inductive approach was followed to analyze qualitative data using ATLAS. Ti software. The Chi-square test was employed to test the association between different variables of interest using SPSS version 17. Results: The majority of physicians related only respiratory problems and cancer with smokeless tobacco. Other major health effects like cardio-vascular problems, oral diseases, and effects on reproductive and neonatal health were recognized only by a few physicians. The age-group of 10-19 years was identified as most vulnerable to smokeless tobacco use. Less than one-third of physicians reported recording smokeless tobacco history of all patients. Findings indicated that less than half of physicians provided information on harmful health effects of smokeless tobacco with regard to specific diseases. Conclusions: The study revealed a low level of knowledge of physicians about harmful effects of tobacco and their suboptimal engagement in tobacco control practices. The study indicates the need of capacity building initiatives to equip physicians with skills in tobacco cessation.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2003

화학공장은 위험한 물리 화학적 특성을 가진 많은 물질들을 다루기 때문에 다른 어떤 공장보다 더 사고의 위험성이 크다. 띠라서 화학공장에서의 각 장치에 대한 위험성 평가는 반드시 필요하다. 현재 사용되고 있는 위험성 평가 방법은 정성적 또는 정량적인 방법으로 각각 개별적으로 적용되는데 정성적, 정량적의 통합된 방법을 적용하면 빠르고 쉽게 적용할 수 있다는 정성적인 방법의 장점과 정밀하게 평가될 수 있다는 정량적인 방법의 장점을 모두 갖출 수 있다. 이러한 통합된 위험성 평가방법을 적용하고 자동화한 ASCA(Automated System for Hazard Screening & Analysis)라는 S/W를 개발하여 실제 공정에 적용하였다. 본 연구에서는 방향족 긍정 중 H.T.U(Hydrotreating Unit)에 대하여 ASCA를 적용하여 각 장치의 상대 순위를 알아보고 D-101이라는 저장탱크에서 단열 실패로 온도 상승이 일어난 경우의 장치고장으로 인한 변수 이상과 발생 가능한 사고의 영향을 알아보았다. 이러한 통합 위험성 평가 시스템을 화학공장에 적용하여 봄으로써 사고 시나리오를 세워서 사고에 대한 비상사태를 대처할 수 있는 능력을 키울 수 있으며 사고를 예방할 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.501-513
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• 2016

Purpose: The current challenges faced by nurses in providing high quality and evidence-based practice (EBP) supported care require profound changes in nursing education. To understand the changes needed to strengthen EBP education, the researchers examined EBP self-efficacy, course needs, barriers, and facilitators for academic faculty and clinical nurse preceptors to teach EBP in undergraduate nursing curricula. Methods: For this study, mixed-method approach was used with survey data collected from 73 academic faculty members from 54 universities. Further, 17 clinical nurse preceptors in three academic hospitals provided qualitative data for exploration of barriers and facilitators to teaching EBP. Data analysis used SPSS/WIN 21.0 and content analysis. Results: Quantitative data showed that although the overall level of self-efficacy among faculty was moderate, the implementation levels were relatively low. Most faculty members agreed with the need to integrate EBP courses into undergraduate nursing curricula. The qualitative data showed that the barriers to teaching EBP were lack of knowledge, skill, and initial investment for teaching EBP; hierarchical, rules-oriented nursing culture; potential learner overloads in processing EBP; limited research dissemination and application. Facilitators were identified as the importance of EBP to the profession of nursing; collaboration in schools and hospitals; and continuing education in teaching/utilizing EBP. Conclusion: The findings indicate that for successful integration of EBP ni nursing education there is a need for faculty training and integrated EBP courses.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.16-32
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• 2020

Cost and time control of projects is important in preventing project failure. However, achieving effective cost and time control in practice is often challenging. The challenges of project cost and time control in practice are investigated by carrying out a questionnaire survey on the top 150 construction contractors in the UK followed by in-depth semi-structured interviews of practitioners from 15 construction companies in the country. Quantitative analysis reveals that design change is the most important factor inhibiting the ability of UK contractors from effectively controlling both the cost and time of construction projects. Four of the top five factors inhibiting effective cost control are also the top factors inhibiting effective time control albeit in a different order. These top factors-design changes, inaccurate evaluation of project time/duration, risk and uncertainty, non-performance of subcontractors and nominated suppliers were also found to be endogenous factors to the project. Additionally, qualitative analysis of the interviews reveals 16 key challenges to prevent for effective project cost and time control in practice. These are classified into four categorised based on where they stem from as follows; from the organisation (1. Lack of integration of cost and time during project control, 2. lack of management buy-in, 3. complicated project control systems and processes, 4. lack of a project control training regime); from the construction management/project management approach (5. Lapses in integration of interfaces, 6. project control not being implemented from the early stages of a project, 7. inefficient utilisation and control of labour, 8. limited time devoted to planning how a project will be controlled at the outset); from the client; (9. Excessive authorisation gates, 10. use of adversarial and non-collaborative forms of contracts, 11. communication problems within client set-up, 12. obstructive client representatives) and; from the project team (13. Lack of detailed/complete design, 14. lack of trust among the project partners, 15. limited time devoted to project control on site, 16. non-factual reporting). The study posits that knowledge of these project control inhibiting factors and challenges is the first step at ensuring they are avoided and enable the implementation of a more effective project cost and time control process in practice.