• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1921-1923
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• 2001

In this work, an array of resistance temperature detector(RTD) was fabricated inside the microchannel in order to investigate in-situ flow characteristics. A rectangular straight microchannel, integrated with RTD's for temperature sensing and a heat source for generating the temperature gradient along the channel. were fabricated with the dimension of $200{\mu}m(W){\times}{\mu}m(D){\times}$48mm(L), while RTD measured precise temperatures at the inside-channel wall. 4" $525{\pm}25{\mu}m$ thick P-type <100> Si wafer was used as a substrate. For the fabrication of RTDs. 5300$\AA$ thick Pt/Ti layer was sputtered on a Pyrex glass wafer. Finally, glass wafer was bonded with Si wafer by anodic bonding, therefore RTD was located inside the microchannel. The temperature distribution inside the fabricated microchannel was obtained from 4 point probe measurements and Dl water is used as a working fluid. Temperature distribution inside the microchannel was measured as a function of mass flow rate and heat flux. As a result, precise temperatures inside the microchannel could be obtained. In conclusion, this novel temperature distribution measurement system will be very useful to the accurate analysis of the flow characteristics in the microchannel.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 FSCS를 이용한 고조파가 억제된 ${\lambda}_g/4$ 단락형 스터브 대역통과 여파기와 ${\lambda}_g/2$ 개방형 스터브 대역통과 여파기를 새로운 구조로 제안 설계하였다. 제안된 여파기는 FSCS를 이용한 광대역 대역저지 여파기를 대역통과 여파기에 집적화 시켜 제2 고조파를 억제하였고, 스터브 사이에 BSF를 집적화하여 크기의 증가를 방지하여 22% 감소하였다. 제안된 여파기는 중심주파수 5.8 GHz에서 통과 대역폭 50%, 고조파 저지대역 120% 광대역 대역통과 여과기의 특성을 나타내었고, ${\lambda}_g/4$ 단락형 스터브 여파기의 경우 삽입손실 0.5 dB, 반사손실 14 dB의 측정결과를 ${\lambda}_g/2$ 개방형 스터브 여파기의 경우는 삽입손실 0.8 dB, 반사손실 14.4 dB의 측정결과를 얻었으며, 시뮬레이션 결과와 측정결과가 유사하게 나타났다.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 기존의 PCB의 한계를 극복할 수 있는 광 PCB에 대한 연구를 수행하였으며, 고효율 수동정렬을 위한 플러거블 렌즈구조를 제안하였다. 제안된 구조는 광 도파로 수동 정렬시 발생할 수 있는 렌즈와 도파로 간의 정렬 오차를 개선하고자 도파로와 렌즈를 합한 형태이다. 또한 탈착에 의해 손상되는 렌즈표면을 보호하기 위한 보호벽 형태를 지님으로써, 고효율의 수동정렬이 가능하게 하였다. 최적화 시뮬레이션을 통하여 구조를 설계하였고, 반복적 포토 리소그래피와 열적 리플로우 공정을 통하여 플러거블 렌즈 구조 제작을 위한 공정 연구를 수행하였다. 렌즈일체형 플러거블 접속구조의 광도파로를 PDMS복제공정으로 제작된 mold를 이용하여 임프린트 공정을 통해 제작하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 수동정렬이 가능한 광PCB접속용 플러거블 렌즈 구조의 제작이 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 AlGaAs/lnGaAs/GaAs P-HEMT 소자를 이용한 10 Gb/s 광수신기용 MMIC 초고속 저잡음 전치증폭기를 설계, 제작하고 특성을 분석 하였다. T 형태의 0.15㎛ 게이트 길이를 갖는 P-HEMT 소자를 이용하여 3단 트랜스임피던스 구조로 회로를 설계하였으며 광대역 특성을 얻기 위하여 피킹인덕터를 사용하였고, 저잡음특성을 위하여 게이트폭을 최적화하였다. 제작된 전치증폭기는 트랜스임피던스 이득 60㏈Ω, 대역폭 9.15 ㎓, 잡음지수가 3.9 ㏈ 이하인 특성을 보였다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 CMOS로 구현된 2.5v 10-bit 300MSPS의 D/A 변환기를 제안하였다. 이를 위해 전체구조는 고속동작에 유리한 전류구동 방식의 8+2 분할 타입으로 상위 8-bit은 Thermometer Code 기법을 이용한 전류셀 매트릭스(Current Cell Matrix)로, 하위 2-bit은 이진 가중 전류열(Binary Weighted Current Array)로 설계하였다. 우수한 다이내믹 특성 및 고속 동작을 만족시키기 위해 낮은 글리치 에너지를 갖는 새로운 전류셀과 BDD(Binary Decision Diagram)에 의한 논리합성 기법을 활용한 새로운 역 Thermometer Decoder를 제안하였다. 제안된 DAC는 $0.25{\mu}m$, 1-Poly, 5-Metal, n-well CMOS 공정으로 제작되었으며, 유효 칩 면적은 $1.56mm^2$이고, 2.5V의 전원전압에서 84mW의 전력소모를 나타내었다. 모의실험 및 측정을 통해 최대 글리치 에너지는 0.9pVsec@fs=100MHz, 15pVsec@fs=300MHz로 나타났다. 또한 출력 주파수가 1MHz, 샘플링 주파수가 300MHz에서의 INL과 DNL은 약 ${\pm}$1.5LSB 이내로, SFDR은 45dB로 측정되었다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2013

Objective: The aim of this study is ergonomic analysis of tele-operation tasks using modified remote handling devices dedicated to the cell of PRIDE(PyRoprocess Integrated inactive DEmonstration facility) in KAERI(Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute). Background: Tele-operation manipulators of the PRIDE are applied to perform the remote handling and management of pyroprocessing facilities. Generally, these kinds of systems are composed of master-slave system and its peripherals installed along a wall or ceiling of the cell, and the manipulators transmit the user's own motion to grippers directly. However, a user convenience and intuitiveness while operating the manipulators have not been fully considered in research fields. Method: This study tries to analyze the ergonomic performance of remote handling manipulators in the developed cell facility. It was included that the analysis of operator's capability for his/her own motion range of upper arm while manipulating the MSM, considerations of its manipulation margin and related tool modifications to improve the remote handling performance. Conclusion: The test results of several remote handling tasks performed in PRIDE are represented, and adequate operation strategies for the tele-operation system of hot-cell type facilities are proposed. Application: The knowledge represented in this study can be utilized to improve a tele-operation system operated in a large-scale hot-cell system.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.246-250
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• 2003

In this study, two new types of micro-grippers in which micro-fingers are actuated by piezoelectric multi-layer benders and stacks are introduced for the manipulation of micrometer-sized objects. First, we constructed a 3-chopstick-mechanism tungsten gripper, which is composed of three chopsticks: two are designed to grip micro-objects, and tile third is used to help grasp and release the objects through overcoming especially electrostatic force among some surface effects including electrostatic, van der Waals forces and surface tension. Second, a 2-chopstick-mechanism silicon micro-gripper that uses an integrated force sensor to control the gripping force was developed. The micro-gripper is composed of a piezoelectric multilayer bender for actuating the gripper fingers, silicon fingertips fabricated by use of silicon-based micromachining, and supplementary supports. The micro-gripper is referred to as a hybrid-type micro-gripper because it is composed of two main components; micro-fingertips fabricated using micromachining technology to integrate a very sensitive force sensor for measuring the gripping force, and piezoelectric gripper finger actuators that are capable of large gripping forces and moving strokes. The gripping force signal was found to have a sensitivity of 667 N/V. To the design of each of components of both of the grippers. a systematic design approach was applied, which made it possible to establish the functional requirements and design parameters of the micro-grippers. The micro-grippers were installed on a manual manipulator to assess its performance in tasks such as moving micro-objects from one position to a desired position. The experiment showed that the micro-grippers function effectively.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.71-78
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• 2017

The glycoprotein of novirhabdoviruses is known to play a critical role in the determination of host specificity. Viral hemorrhagic septicemia viruses (VHSVs) in different genotypes have different glycoprotein sequences and show different preferences for specific cell lines. In this study, to know whether the glycoprotein is solely responsible for the host cell preference of VHSV, a recombinant VHSV expressing vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein instead of VHSV IVa glycoprotein (rVHSV-VSV-G) was generated by reverse genetics and inoculated into several fish cell lines, then, cytopathic effect (CPE) and viral growth caused by rVHSV-VSV-G infection were compared with those caused by rVHSV-wild that was previously generated and has the same genomic sequence with wild-type VHSV except a few nucleotides. The plaque numbers of rVHSV-VSV-G were significantly higher in EPC, BF-2 and GF cells than those of rVHSV-wild. However, in HINAE cells (originated from olive flounder), rVHSV-VSV-G titer was significantly lower than rVHSV-wild titer, and both recombinant VHSVs were not grown well in CHSE-214 cells. Although statistical significances were detected in the titers between rVHSV-wild and rVHSV-VSV-G in several cell lines, the cell line-preference order of rVHSV-VSV-G was not different from that of rVHSV-wild. These results suggest that the replacement of VHSV glycoprotein may not completely change host cell preference, and other regions of VHSV might also involve in the determination of host cell preference.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1999

OFO, FOF 삼중 충돌형 및 FOOF 이중 분리 충돌형 분무연소장의 3차원 수치해석을 통한 연소성능 예측 및 성능설계 방법에 대하여 고찰하였다. 예조건화 압축성 유동 지배방정식과 저 레이놀즈수 $\kappa$-$\varepsilon$ 2 방정식 난류모델을 바탕으로 LU-SGS 기법을 사용하여 시간적분 하였으며 분무과정은 DSF 방법을 사용하여 모사하였다. n-heptane 액적과 공기를 연료와 산화제로 하는 액체 추진기관 내에서의 분무 연소장을 계산하였으며 연소에서의 난류의 영향은 eddy 소산모델을 사용하여 모사하였다. 분무연소장의 특성과 연소성능이 비교되었으며, 계산 결과 FOF 삼중 충돌형 분사기의 성능이 가장 우수한 반면, OFO 삼중 충돌형 분사기의 성능이 가장 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 연소효율에 중대한 영향을 미치는 파라미터로는 운동량비에 따른 초기 분무 액적의 평균직경과 혼합효율임을 확인하였다. 연소효율은 초기 분무 액적의 평균직경과 반비례, 혼합효율에 비례하여 증가되며, 산화제/연료 혼합비도 비례하여 상승하나, 일정 운동량비 이상에서는 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 각 분사기 형태에서 운동량비에 따른 연소효율의 변화는 혼합효율의 변화와 동일한 경향을 보이며 그 크기는 분무 액적의 평균직경에 밀접한 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Architectural research
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2017

In banquets of royal courts held in the late Joseon Dynasty, a procedure that follows the customs as well as physical components to follow that procedure were necessary. A noticeable trait of the red blinds(朱簾) is that they are seen in the naeyon(內宴) types of banquets, which is mostly centered on the queen dowager and relatives, and they function as a makeshift facility that divide the different banquet spaces according to the hierarchy of the royal family. Furthermore, the red blinds within the court played an important role in the procedure of the banquet along with the incense, as it was drawn upon the queen dowager's appearance to signal the beginning, and folded out again to signal the end. This indicates that they were of higher importance within the banquet space. The red blinds used in the playacting stage of the royal court not only segmented the space, but also upon being taken down, expanded and integrated the banquet hall, thereby maximizing the playacting stage. Once the banquet was finished, the red blinds within the court were once again folded out so as to restore dignity to the space. The red blind is a symbolic item that could open the private space of the court so as to enable communication with the public space, and also close it off to restore privacy. Also, the layout of the banquet space was divided by the red blinds into primary, secondary, and tertiary hierarchal space, according to the status of the royal family and the banquet attendants. In other words, the red blinds played an important role in its the symbolic meaning in the national precedent as well as distinguishing the hierarchy of space within the naeyon banquet in the royal court.