• IE interfaces
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.280-290
• /
• 2003

Many firms are trying to optimize their production and distribution functions separately, but possible savings by this approach may be limited. Nowadays, it is more important to analyze these two functions simultaneously by trading off the costs associated with the whole. In this paper, I treat a production and distribution planning problem for single-period inventory products comprised of a single production facility and multiple customers, with the aim of optimally coordinating important and interrelated decisions of production sequencing and vehicle routing. Then, I propose a hybrid genetic algorithm incorporating several local optimization techniques, HGAP, for integrated production-distribution planning. Computational results on test problems show that HGAP is effective and generates substantial cost savings over Hurter and Buer's decoupled planning approach in which vehicle routing is first developed and a production sequence is consequently derived. Especially, HGAP performs better on the problems where customers are dispersed with multi-item demand than on the problems where customers are divided into several zones based on single-item demand.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.316-329
• /
• 2008

Recently the increased attention pays on the processing of multiple, relatively low quantity, high value-added products resulted in adoption of batch process in the chemical process industry such as pharmaceuticals, polymers, bio-chemicals and foods. As there are more possibilities of the improvement of operations in batch process than continuous processes, a lot of effort has been made to enhance the productivity and operability of batch processes. But the chemical process industry faces a range of uncertainties factors such as demands for products, prices of product, lead time for the supply of raw materials and in the production, and the distribution of product. And global competition has made it imperative for the process industries to manage their supply chains optimally. Supply chain management aims to integrate plants with their supplier and customers so that they can be managed as a single entity and coordinate all input/output flows (of materials, information) so that products are produced and distributed in the right quantities, to the right locations, and at the right time.The objective of this study is to solve the purchase, distribution, production planning and scheduling problem, which minimizes the total costs of production, inventory, and transportation under uncertainty. And development of SCM model in chemical industry including batch mode operations. Through that, the enterprise can respond to uncertainty. Also integrated process optimal planning and scheduling model for manufacturing supply chain. The result shows that, the advantage of supply chain integration are quality matters seen by customers and suppliers, order schedules, flexibility, cost reduction, and increase in sales and profits. Also, an integration of supply chain (production and distribution system) generates significant savings by trading off the costs associated with the whole, rather than minimizing supply chain costs separately.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.111-121
• /
• 2015

A correct information of customer returns ratio under e-commerce is not always shared between supply chain (SC) members. Also, it is important issue for SC members to handle the unsold products in a market. This paper discusses the impact of information sharing of customer returns ratio on an optimal sales strategy including resale of customer returns and buyback policy for a SC under e-commerce with a manufacturer and a retailer. A retailer sells a single product and resells the resalable customer returns in the same market. A manufacturer produces the products and buys back the unsold products as to their quality from the retailer. The integrated SC (ISC) determines the optimal product order quantity to maximize the expected profit of the whole SC. The decentralized SC (DSC) makes the optimal decisions for order quantity and the wholesale price of products to maximize the expected profit of each SC member. The effect of information sharing is discussed between SC members under ISC and DSC. The analysis numerically investigates how information sharing of the returns ratio affects the optimal decision and the expected profits under ISC and DSC. Besides, effect of SC coordination to encourage the shift to ISC is discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
• /
• 2003.11a
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2003

많은 기업들은 오늘날 치열한 경쟁 시장에서 효율적인 공급 사슬 관리를 통하여 경쟁적 우위를 확보하려 한다. 이러한 효율적인 공급 사슬 관리를 위해서는 공급 사슬상의 구성원들이 자신이 보유하고 있는 정보를 다른 구성원들과 공유하고 각자의 의사결정에 있어 이러한 공유된 정보를 효과적으로 반영하여야 할 것이다. 효과적이고 정확한 정보의 공유를 위해서는 공급 사슬 상에 속해 있는 구성원들의 적극적인 참여가 무엇보다 필요하다. 이러한 적극적 참여는 공유된 정보가 종국에는 자신에게 이익이 될 것이라는 믿음에 기반 하여야 할 것이다. 정보 공유를 하는 경우가 그렇지 않는 경우에 비하여 그 효과가 클 것이라는 것은 당연할 수 있다 그러나 정보 공유를 위해서 요구되는 투자비용과 서로 이질적인 구성원들 간에 협업을 통해 공통의 의사결정을 내리는데 야기될 수 있는 갈등 등을 고려할 경우 그 효과의 정도가 충분히 크지 않는 경우에는 서로의 정보를 공유하는 것이 이익이 될 것이라고 말하기 어려울 것이다. 정보 공유의 이익은 공급 사슬 환경에 따라 상이할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 어떤 환경에서 이러한 정보 공유에 따른 성과가 극대화 될 것인지, 혹은 반대로 미비한 결과를 나타낼 것인가에 대하여 시뮬레이션 실험을 통하여 분석하였다. 기존의 연구를 바탕으로 공급 사슬 환경 구성을 위한 3가지 환경 요인을 정의하고 각각의 환경요인에 변화에 따라 정보 공유를 통한 경우와 그렇지 않은 경우에 있어 어떤 성과를 내는지 알아보았다.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.1-16
• /
• 2012

Under the international business circumstance, global supply chain management is considered a vital strategic challenge to small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) suffering from deficient resources and capabilities to exploit overseas markets comparing with large corporations. That is because they can expand their business domains into overseas markets by establishing strategic alliances with global supply chain partners. Although a wide range of previous researches have emphasized the cooperative networks in the chain, most are ignoring the importance of developing relational characteristics such as trust and reciprocity with the partners. Besides, verifying the relational factors influencing firms' export performances, some studies proposed different and inconsistent factors. According to the social capital theory, which is the social quality and networks facilitating close cooperation of inter-individual and inter-organization, provides the integrated view to identify the relational characteristics in the aspects of network, trust and reciprocal norm. Meanwhile, a number of researchers shows that global entrepreneurship is the internal and intangible resource necessary to promote SMEs' internationalization. Upon closer examination, however, they cannot explain clearly its influencing mechanism in the inter-firm cooperative relationships. This study is to verify the effect of social capital accumulated within global supply chain on SMEs' qualitative and quantitative export performance. In addition, we shed new light on global entrepreneurship expected to be concerned with the formation of social capital and the enhancement of export performances. For this purpose, the questionnaires, developed through literature review, were collected from 192 Korean SMEs affiliated in Korean Medium Industries Association and Global Chief Executive Officer's Club focusing on their memberships' international business. As a result of multi-regression analysis, the social capital - network, trust and reciprocal norm shared with global supply chain partner - as well as global entrepreneurship - innovativeness, proactiveness and risk-taking - have positive effect on SMEs' export performances. Also global entrepreneurship affects positively social capital which has mediating effect partially in the relationship between global entrepreneurship and performances. These results means that there is a structural process - global entrepreneurship(input), social capital(output), and export performances(outcome). In other words, a firm should consistently invest in and develop the social capital with global supply chain partners in order to achieve common goals, establish strategic collaborations and obtain long-term export performances. Furthermore, it is required to foster the global entrepreneurship in an organization so as to build up the social capital. More detailed practical issues and discussion are made in the conclusion.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.221-228
• /
• 2009

Electronic Product Code Information Services(EPCIS) is an EPCglobal standard for sharing EPC related information between trading partners. EPCIS provides a new important capability to improve efficiency, security, and visibility in the global supply chain. EPCIS data are classified into two categories, master data (static data) and event data (dynamic data). Master data are static and constant for objects, for example, the name and code of product and the manufacturer, etc. Event data refer to things that happen dynamically with the passing of time, for example, the date of manufacture, the period and the route of circulation, the date of storage in warehouse, etc. There are four kinds of event data which are Object Event data, Aggregation Event data, Quantity Event data, and Transaction Event data. This thesis we propose an event-based data model for EPC Information Service repository in RFID based integrated logistics center. This data model can reduce the data volume and handle well all kinds of entity relationships. From the point of aspect of data quantity, we propose a formula model that can explain how many EPCIS events data are created per one business activity. Using this formula model, we can estimate the size of EPCIS events data of RFID based integrated logistics center for a one day under the assumed scenario.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.175-187
• /
• 2004

Many companies have integrated their internal processes with the aid of information technology. Now the focus is on interconnecting trading partners. Collaborative commerce (also known as c-Commerce) has a key role. It is not just about making it easier for business to communicate. It is about by breaking down barriers along the entire length of the supply chain. Some c-Commerce links are permanent, others get established when and where they are needed. c-Commerce is helping business in electronic supply chains to improve product delivery while cutting costs, to strengthen relationships and to reduce lead time. In this paper, we propose the concept of collaborative commerce, and design and implement Collaborative Commerce Portal (CCP) system of small and medium enterprise for marketing support. The technical definition of CCP is set of all technical elements can do collaborative commerce between small and medium enterprises with Internet or Internet. The target information of CCP includes usual and unusual information and all other information of companies used as process events. Through this, it enhances efficiency of business processes, core information sharing and marketing activation.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2012

The scheduling problem of large products like ships, airplanes, space shuttles, assembled constructions, and automobiles is very complex in nature. To reduce inherent computational complexity, we often design scheduling systems that the original problem is decomposed into small sub-problems, which are scheduled independently and integrated into the original one. Moreover, the steep growth of communication technology and logistics makes it possible to produce a lot of multi-nation corporation by which products are produced across more than one plant. Therefore vertical and lateral coordination among decomposed scheduling systems is necessary. In this research, we suggest an agent-based coordinating mechanism for multi-level scheduling systems in supply chain. For design of a general coordination mechanism, at first, we propose a grammar to define individual scheduling agents which are responsible to their own plants, and a meta-level coordination agent which is engaged to supervise individual scheduling agents. Second, we suggest scheduling agent communication protocols for each scheduling agent topology which is classified according to the system architecture, existence of coordinator, and direction of coordination. We also suggest a scheduling agent communication language which consists of three layers : Agent Communication Layer, Scheduling Coordination Layer, Industry-specific Layer. Finally, in order to improve the efficiency of communication among scheduling agents we suggest a rough capacity coordination model which supports to monitor participating agents and analyze the status of them. With this coordination mechanism, we can easily model coordination processes of multiple scheduling systems. In the future, we will apply this mechanism to shipbuilding domain and develop a prototype system which consists of a dock-scheduling agent, four assembly-plant-scheduling agents, and a meta-level coordination agent. A series of experiment using the real-world data will be performed to examine this mechanism.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
• /
• v.29 no.4
• /
• pp.55-71
• /
• 2013

This study proposed a real and strategical business model from a supply chain perspective to heighten the competitiveness of agri-food export to promote export agriculture of Korea. The proposed export logistics business model can efficiently integrate and manage supply chain members in the agri-food export logistics center. The export logistics center is an integrated model to increase agri-food export which consists of product mixture that simultaneously distributes large companies' processed food and small companies' agri-food, a material and process system of export logistics, opening up foreign markets, and access to target markets on the basis of efficient agri-food export such as the construction of an export logistics system, finding overseas markets, and the launch and development of strategic goods for export.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.207-226
• /
• 2004

SCM is one of the important key issues in Internet-based business environment. Most of companies related to B2B electronic commerce are making their efforts to innovate their existing business process into new integrated supply chain process. SCM system using XML/EDI provides competitive advantage to them by reshaping the relationship between traditional trading partners. This study intends to suggest a prototype of SCM system using XML/EDI. To implement SCM system, we analyze and design the supply chain process by using Unified Modeling Language, with a firm engaged in Korean automobile industry, which is a first vendor to produce a set of LAMP. The implementation of SCM system using UML shows excellent performance in software reuse, extensibility, and the interoperability with corporate internal information systems.