• Title/Summary/Keyword: Intake flow rate

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Research of Dry Reduction Process of Waste Tin Oxide using Methane (메탄가스를 이용한 폐주석산화물의 건식환원시스템)

  • Hyun-Chul Jung;Se-Kwon Kim;Sang-Yeol Kim
    • Resources Recycling
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    • v.31 no.6
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    • pp.18-24
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    • 2022
  • Dry reduction using natural gas was proposed to recover tin from waste tin oxide generated in a tin bath that was used for controlling the smoothness of architectural glass during production, and the reduction behavior was investigated. The utilized vertical natural gas dry reduction system is capable to process 4 L or 20 kg depending on input raw materials. The system was established by applying the upper intake and lower discharge method. The recovery rate was 97.2% at 800 ℃ and 4 sccm flow rate and increased with the amount of input gas. Hydrogen accounted for 23% of the discharge gas, showing a 16.6% hydrogen conversion rate. The reaction behavior of tin recovered via natural gas reduction provides basic data on the new waste resource reduction/recovery technology.

An Experimental Study on Application Characteristics of the Vortex Tube for Substitution of the Intercooler in a Common-rail Diesel Engine (커먼레일 디젤기관의 인터쿨러 대체를 위한 볼텍스 튜브적용 특성에 관한 실험 연구)

  • Im, Seok-Yeon;Lee, Ho-Kil;Jung, Young-Chul;Choi, Doo-Seuk;Ryu, Jeong-In
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.171-179
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    • 2009
  • An object of this study is to confirm application characteristics of the vortex tube apparatus for substitution of the intercooler in a common-rail diesel engine. The turbo pressure, the intake air mass flow rate and the charging air cooling ratio of the intercooler were measured in an experimental engine. The vortex tube apparatus was made after confirmation of the geometric phenomena in fundamental experiments. The vortex tube designed with fundamental data was applied to a conventional common-rail diesel engine instead of the intercooler. Its application characteristics, engine performances and emissions were investigated. From this experimental results, we suggested the vortex tube can be applied to a conventional common-rail diesel engine throughout extra complement. We can also expect the higher cooling effect, if we consider the application of the vortex tube in supercharging diesel engine without the intercooler.

Performance Improvement of Free Power Gas Turbine Type Gas Turbine Engine by Using of a MAT Cycle (MAT사이클을 이용한 분리축 가스터빈 엔진의 성능향상에 관한 연구)

  • 공창덕;김경두
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.65-72
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    • 2001
  • In order to improve the performance of a free power turbine type gas turbine engine by injecting the atomized water into a compressor inlet., a study on Moisture Air Turbine (MAT) cycle was proposed. Compressor work by air-water mixtures in phase change was theoretically considered, and it was found that the water evaporation might reduce the compressor work. Cycle model calculations predicted that power increments of 16.2%, 14.9% and 12.6% by 1.0% water to the air flow rate at the compressor intake with rotational shaft speeds of 1000, 1210, 1350 rps were obtained, and also thermal efficiency due to the reduction of compressor work was improved.

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Performance Load Balancing and Sensitivity Analysis of Ramjet/Scramjet for Dual-Combustion/Dual-Mode Ramjet Engine Part II. Performance Sensitivity (이중램제트(이중연소/이중모드)엔진을 위한 램제트/스크램제트의 작동영역분배 및 성능민감도분석 Part II. 성능민감도)

  • Kim, Sun-Kyoung;Jeon, Chang-Soo;Sung, Hong-Gye;Byen, Jong-Ryul;Yoon, Hyun-Gull
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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    • v.38 no.6
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    • pp.596-604
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    • 2010
  • In order to investigate the operating conditions and major design parameters of a dual ramjet propulsion system, an theoretical analysis of ramjet and scramjet propulsion systems was performed. The performance characteristics of each engine are delivered by thermo-dynamical cycle analysis, considering loss effects in a real engine. The performance sensitivity analysis is conducted by investigating various performance parameters, such as an intake efficiency, combustor inlet Mach number, configuration of the combustor, fuel flow rate, and exhaust nozzle efficiency. Based on these analysis results, the processes of application to dual ramjet cycle engines are specified.

Development of Pump/Motor Selection Program for Optimized Pump Decision of the Regional Water Supply Facilities (광역상수도용 펌프의 최적결정을 위한 펌프/모터 선정 프로그램 개발)

  • Roh, Hyung-Woon;Kim, Jae-Soo;Park, Gil-Moon;Suh, Sang-Ho;Lee, Young-Ho
    • The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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    • v.4 no.4 s.13
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    • pp.22-27
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    • 2001
  • The pump/motor selection program for optimized selection of regional water supply facilities was developed based on a flowchart compiled from basic operational data, total head requirement, initial pump/motor specification selection etc. This program was developed in Visual Basic. The program accepts, as in the flowchart, operational requirements of pumps and other system requirements, and calculates specific speed based on flow rate, total head and rotational speed. Then the calculated specific speed is used to select pump types and speed prior to determining likelihood of cavitation occurring at the calculated NPSH. Power requirement is then calculated for safe operation of pump to assist final pump selection. Test results of the program match very closely to the design values of Paldang intake pump station(3rd stage) proving that the program can be used as an effective and practical aid for designing new regional water supply systems.

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Development of Pump/Motor Selection Program for Optimized Pump Decision of the Regional Water Supply Facilities (광역상수도용 펌프의 최적결정을 위한 펌프/모터 선정 프로그램 개발)

  • Roh, Hyung-Woon;Kim, Jae-Soo;Park, Gil-Moon;Suh, Sang-Ho;Lee, Young-Ho
    • 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2001.11a
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    • pp.171-176
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    • 2001
  • The Pump/Motor Selection Program for optimized selection of regional water supply facilities was developed based on a flowchart compiled from basic operational data, total head requirement, initial pump/motor specification selection etc.. This program was developed in Visual Basic. The program accepts, as in the flowchart, operational requirements of pumps and other system requirements and calculates specific speed based on flow rate, total head and na Then the calculated specific speed is used to select pump types and rpm Prior to determining likelihood of cavitation occurring at the calculated NPSH. Power requirement is then calculated for safe operation of pump to assist final pump selection. Test results of the program matches very closely to the design values of Paldang intake pump station(3rd stage) proving that the program can be used as an effective and practical aid for designing new regional water supply systems.

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Effects of Dietary Protein Concentration on Growth and Feed Utilization of Juvenile Haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) (사료내 단백질 수준이 해덕(Melanogrammus aeglefinus)의 성장과 사료이용효율에 미치는 영향)

  • ;Santosh P. Lall
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.137-143
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    • 1999
  • The effects of dietary protein level on growth, feed utlization and liver size were studied with juvenile haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) of 6.88$\pm$0.54 g (mean$\pm$SD). Five isoenergetic diets containing 44.4 to 64.7% protein were fed to triplicate groups of 50 fish in a flow-through system for 6 weeks. All fish showed a relative increase of more than 300% in final weight. There were, however, no significant differences (P>0.05) in weight gain (16.1 to 17.3 g) and specific growth rate (2.9 to 3.0) among fish groups. A higher protein diets resulted in a lower feed intake. Feed: gain ratio linearly improved (P<0.05) when protein level increased from 44.4 to 59.7%. The lowest protein efficiency ratio was observed in fish fed the highest protein diet. Hepatosomatic index of fish significantly decreased from 10.7 to 7.3% with an increase in protein level. Results from this study suggest that haddock could grow well even when fed the diet with protein lower than 44.4%.

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Performance Improvement of Free Power Gas Turbine Type Gas Turbine Engine by Using of a MAT Cycle (MAT사이클을 이용한 분리축 가스터빈 엔진의 성능향상에 관한 연구)

  • 공창덕;김경두;기자영;최인수
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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    • 2001.04a
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    • pp.54-58
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    • 2001
  • In order to Improve the performance of a free power turbine type gas turbine engine by injecting the atomized water into a compressor inlet., a study on Moisture Air Turbine (MAT) cycle was proposed. Compressor work by air-water mixtures in phase change was theoretically considered, and it was found that the water evaporation might reduce the compressor work. Cycle model calculations predicted that power increments of 21.7%, 20.2% and 18.4% by 1.5% water to the air flow rate at the compressor intake with rotational shaft speeds of 1000, 1210, 1350 rps were obtained, and also thermal efficiency due to the reduction of compressor work was improved.

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Effect of Untreated Water Flow Rate at Certain Temperature on the Discharge of Treated Water

  • Ullah, Muhammad Arshad;Aslam, Muhammad;Babar, Raheel
    • The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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    • v.5 no.6
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    • pp.5-9
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    • 2019
  • Desalination requires large energy. This experiment deals to desalinate brackish water through solar panels. The discharge from desalination plants is almost entirely water, and .01 percent is salt. Desalination is a process that extracts minerals from saline water. Solar-powered desalination technologies can be used to treat non-traditional water sources to increase water supplies in rural, arid areas. Water scarceness is a rising dilemma for large regions of the world. Access to safe, fresh and pure clean drinking water is one of the most important and prime troubles in different parts of the world. Among many of water cleansing technologies solar desalination/distillation/purification is one of the most sustainable and striking method engaged to congregate the supply of clean and pure drinkable water in remote areas at a very sound cost. Six types of dripper having discharge 3 - 8 lh-1 were installed one by one and measured discharge and volume of clean water indicated that at 6 lh-1 untreated water discharge have maximum evaporation and volume of clean water was 19.2 lh-1 at same temperature and radiations. Now strategy was developed that when increased the temperature the intake discharge of untreated water must be increased and salt drained water two times more than treated water.

A Study on Measurement and Automation Method of Cylinder Head Swirl (실린더 헤드 스월 측정 및 자동화 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Lee Choong-Hoon
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.92-99
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    • 2006
  • The swirl ratio of a charge in the cylinder was estimated by calculating the ratio of the rotary speed of charge which could be simulated from the rotary speed of paddle in the swirl measurement apparatus, to the engine speed which could be calculated by measuring intake air flow rate. The automation of the swirl ratio measurement for cylinder head was achieved by controling both valve lift in cylinder head and a suction pressure of surge tank using two step-motors. The number of measurement position for calculating mean swirl ratio was varied by adjusting the interval of valve lift. The mean swirl ratio with varying the number of measurement position showed nearly constant value. Two measurement methods for measuring the swirl ratio were compared, one was to control the suction pressure of the surge tank with PID (proportional, integral, differential) mode with by-pass valve controlled by the step motor and the other did not control the surge tank pressure by fixing the by-pass valve. The difference of the mean swirl ratio between the two measurement methods showed nearly constant value with varying the number of measurement position. This means that the w/o PID control method could be preferred to the PID control method which has been used, due to the simpleness of the swirl measurement.