The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence (식품보건융합연구)

Korea Food & Health Convergence Association (한국식품보건융합학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effect of Untreated Water Flow Rate at Certain Temperature on the Discharge of Treated Water

  • Ullah, Muhammad Arshad (Land Resources research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre) ;
  • Aslam, Muhammad (Land Resources research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre) ;
  • Babar, Raheel (Forestry, Range, Watershed and Wildlife management, Baluchistan Agriculture College)
  • Received : 2019.02.08
  • Accepted : 2019.06.30
  • Published : 2019.12.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Desalination requires large energy. This experiment deals to desalinate brackish water through solar panels. The discharge from desalination plants is almost entirely water, and .01 percent is salt. Desalination is a process that extracts minerals from saline water. Solar-powered desalination technologies can be used to treat non-traditional water sources to increase water supplies in rural, arid areas. Water scarceness is a rising dilemma for large regions of the world. Access to safe, fresh and pure clean drinking water is one of the most important and prime troubles in different parts of the world. Among many of water cleansing technologies solar desalination/distillation/purification is one of the most sustainable and striking method engaged to congregate the supply of clean and pure drinkable water in remote areas at a very sound cost. Six types of dripper having discharge 3 - 8 lh-1 were installed one by one and measured discharge and volume of clean water indicated that at 6 lh-1 untreated water discharge have maximum evaporation and volume of clean water was 19.2 lh-1 at same temperature and radiations. Now strategy was developed that when increased the temperature the intake discharge of untreated water must be increased and salt drained water two times more than treated water.

Keywords

References

  1. Abraham, T., and Luthra, A. (2011). Socio-economic and technical assessment of photovoltaic powered membrane desalination processes for India. Desalination, 268(1-3), 238-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2010.10.035
  2. Al Kharabsheh, S., and Yogi, G. D. (2003). Analysis of an innovative water desalination system using low-grade solar heat.Desalination, 156(1-3), 323-332. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(03)00363-1
  3. Bouchekima, B. (2003). Solar desalination plant for small size use in remote arid areas of SouthAlgeria for the production of drinking water. Desalination, 156(1-3), 353-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0011-9164(03)00367-9
  4. Brutsaert, W. (2005). Wilfried, Hydrology: An Introduction. Cambridge. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  5. Giordano, M. (2009). Global ground water? Issues and solutions. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 34, 153-178. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.environ.030308.100251
  6. Kulkarni, H., Mihir, S., Shankar, P.S. V. (2015). Shaping the contours of groundwater governance in India. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies 4; 172-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2014.11.004
  7. Li, Y., and Tian, K. (2009). Application of vacuum membrane distillation in water treatment.Journal of Sustainable Development, 2(3), 183-186.
  8. Mackun, P.J., Wilson, S., Fischetti, T. R., and Goworowska, J. (2011). Population Distribution and Change: 2000 to 2010. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau.
  9. Mukherjee, A., Dipankar, S., Charles, F., Harveyc, R. G., Taylor, K. M. A., & Soumendra N. B. (2015). Ground water systems of the Indian subcontinent. Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies, 4, 1-14.
  10. Pangarkar, B. L., Thorat, P. V., Parjane, S. B., and Abhang, R. M. (2010). Performance evaluation of vacuum membrane distillation for desalination by using a flat sheet membrane. Desalination and Water Treatment, 21(1-3), 328-334 https://doi.org/10.5004/dwt.2010.1400
  11. Scott, C.A., and Pasqualetti, M. J. (2010). Energy and water resources scarcity: Critical infrastructure for growth and economic development in Arizona and Sonora. Natural Resources Journal, 50(3), 645-682.
  12. Sinton, L. W., CH Hall, P. A., Lynch, R. J., & Colley, D. (2002). Sunlight inactivation of fecal indicator bacteria and bacteriophages from waste stabilization pond effluent in fresh and saline waters. Appl Environ Microbial, 68, 1122-1131. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.68.3.1122-1131.2002
  13. Saidur, R., Elcevvadi, E. T., Mekhilef, S., Safari, A., and Mohammed, H. A. (2011). An overview of different distillation methods for small scale applications. Renewable & Sustainable EnergyReviews,15, 4756-4764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.07.077
  14. Muhammad, A. U., Ali, A., Aslam, M., and Khizer, H. K. (2018). Brackish water desalination using solar desalination pannel. Curr. Inves. Agri. Curr. Res., 3(1), 1-5.
  15. Rahul, D., and Tiwari, G. N. (2009). Characteristic equation of a passive solar still. Desalination, 245(1-3), 246-265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2008.07.011
  16. Ullah, M. A., Ali, A., Aslam, M., and Khizer, H. K. (2018a). Effect of Temperature and Intake Flow Rate on the discharge of treated water during whole year. Int. J. of Res. Studies in Biosci., 6(4), 14-17.
  17. Ullah M. A., Ali, A., Aslam, M., Ullah, R., and Lal, B. (2018b). Reclamation of saline water through solar desalinization process under Arid/Semi-Arid of Thar at Umerkot District, Sindh, Pakistan. Int. J. of Advanced Res. in Chemical Sci., 5(5), 1-7.
  18. Ullah M. A., Ali, A., Aslam, M., and Ullah, S. H. (2018c). Conversion of brackish water with solar desalinization technique in coastal belt of Lasbella Gadhani, Balochistan, Pakistan. Acta Scientific Nutritional Health, 2(7), 64-68.
  19. UNESCO (2003). World Water Assessment Programme, Water for People, Water for Life: A Joint Report by the Twenty-three UN Agencies Concerned with Freshwater. UNESCO, Paris, 576.
  20. Wada, Y., Ludovicus, P. H., van Beek, C. M., van Kempen, J. W. T. M., Reckman, S., and Bierkens, M. F. P. (2010). Global depletion of ground- water resources. Geophysical Research Letters, 37, 1-5.