• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.31-49
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• 1994

In the meantime Korean Insurance Industry has been developed a steady growth under government's political protection. But insurance market seems to be opened unavoidably owing to the liberalization of international trade by the Agreements of UR and the bloc of economy by EC Integration and the Organization of NAFTA. By the above reason, especially, in case of hull insurance, the rate of hull insurance is being instituted as a problem. Accordingly the recognition for the problem like this, in thsi study, explained the major objectives of rate making and described the basic rate making methods that are used in property and liability insurance, and searched the rate making schemes of hull insurance rate of the major nations by comparing method. And as a conclusion, the writer presented several schemes including new rate making scheme of hull insurance rate and the security of statistical data about loss ratio, and the establishment of Korean Hull Insurance Association.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.59-81
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• 1994

Korean property and liability insurance companies have underwrited hull insurance without proper undrewriting ability. But after April 1996. in case of Korean insurance market being opened the companies have to make hull insurance rate by themselves. Accordingly, in this study, the writer embodies important factors in making hull insurance rate by an empirical survey. In empirical survey, the writer used a questionnaire, 74 proper data was obtained from 96 officers working in making hull insurance rate in 12 Korean property and liablity insurance companies and 24 the foreign companies at home. Reliability was tested by Cronbach's Alpha and a conceptual validity by Factor Analysis. Hypothesis estabilished in this study was tested by Correlation and Multiple Regression Analysis. Results of testing hypothesis are as follows: Firstly, the traits of insurer and the assured influence significantly(P<0.05) on making hull insurance rate. Secondly, expected loss ratio, ship manager, ship's age, insured amount, level of the cost of repairing and salvage, shipowner, period of insurance, level of overseas rating, profit and expense, trading limits, ship's classification, conditions of insurance, and ship's size influence significantly(P<0.05) on making hull insurance rate.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.61
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• pp.165-190
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to measure the trade insurance's macroeconomic effects by analyzing the causality between major economic variables(GDP per capita, market interest rate, inflation, unemployment rate, exchange rate) and trade insurance variable. I conducted empirical analyses using First-difference GMM(Generalized Method of Moments), System GMM and Panel-VAR Model, with panel data from 11 countries(Korea, United States, Japan, BRICs, Indonesia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Vietnam) between 1992 and 2011. There are several important findings. Above all, Trade insurance is positively and significantly related to GDP. This results show that trade insurance serves to increase economic growth. In other words, trade insurance leads to economic growth by helping increase GDP per capita. Especially, trade insurance negatively related to unemployment rate, it is for sure that trade insurance contribute to decrease unemployment rate. And trade insurance helps control of inflation. It is also confirmed that trade insurance contributes to price stability, which in turn serves to stabilize the overall economy. And this research finds as uncertainty in the market increases, seen it as increase of exchange rate, increasing trade insurance supply is stabilize the exchange rate.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.151-160
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to estimate the risk premium hedge ratio in foreign exchange risk of the foreign exchange rate insurance. The applicants of exchange rate insurance and Korea Export Insurance Corporation will be facing the risk in change of currency and guaranteed currency’s swap point upon contract being made. Also upon making decision of hedging exchange rate insurance, the company will need to be aware of the risk causing due to change in swap point.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.76-87
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• 1998

This study analyzed the effect of foreign currency exchange rate on the increasing rate of medical care cost by items of fee schedule of Korean Medical Insurance. This study uses the data of cost analysis including cost of imported goods and the data of for a university hospital National Federation's Medical Insurance for a trend of claim. The method of cost analysis is as same as that used in the study of the development of Korean RBRVS(Resource Based Relative Valus Scale). The main findings of this study are as follows; 1. The proportion of imported goods in cost related to Medical Insurance fee schedule is 7.93%, and in case of substitution of available domestic goods 6.96%. 2. If foreign currency exchange rate changes from 800wen per $1 to 1,300won, the affecting rate of Medical Insurance fee schedules is 5.00%. If the imported goods will be substituted with available domestic goods, the rate 4.35%. Our results can be used a data for updating Medical Insurance fee schedule. But this result is limited to be generalized, because this study used the cost analysis for a university hospital.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.242-247
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• 2010

Controlling inappropriate antibiotics prescribing for acute upper respiratory infections(URI) is a very important for prudent use of antibiotics and resistance control. Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) introduced Prescribing Evaluation Program and publicly reported antibiotics prescribing rate for URI of each health institution. We performed segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series to estimate the effect of public report on antibiotics prescribing rate using national health insurance claims data. The results indicate that just before the public report period, clinics' monthly antibiotics prescribing rate for URI was 66.7%. Right after the public report, the estimated antibiotics prescribing rate dropped abruptly by 12.3%p. There was no significant changes in month-to-month trend in the prescribing rate before and after the intervention.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.150-156
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• 2000

Objective : To analyze the factors affecting the participation rate in the health screening program of medical insurance. Method : We investigated the factors associated with the participation rate in the health screening program in Korea. Data were collected at the aggregate level from 145 employee health insurance societies and 227 self-employed health insurance societies from 1995 to 1997 Data were also collected at the individual level from four health insurance societies. This study hypothesized that the participation rate of the health screening program was related to 1) the characteristics of its members and the size of the health insurance society; 2) the specifications of the health screening program; 3) the venue of the health screening institution and the interests of individuals in the health screening program; and 4) the activities of the health insurance society. We used bivariate and multiple regression models to examine the factors on the participation rate of the health screening program. Results : First, in the case of dependents of on employee health insurance society, the ratio of dependents 40 years old and over, the average monthly contribution per household, the interest and satisfaction level of individuals in health screening, and the level of refunds for over-payment were all associated with the participation rate in the health screening program, accounting for 54.4% of the participation rate. Second, in case of those insured by the self-employed health insurance society, the interest and satisfaction level of individuals in health screening, the level of refunds for over-payment, and the performance level of on-the-spot health screening were statistically significant, accounting for 40.1% of the participation rate. Conclusion : The factors concerning the participation rate in the health screening program of medical insurance, in both a health insurance society and for individuals, were closely related to the age and gender of individuals and household contributions.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.85-122
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• 2001

This study compared and analyzed the effect of income-redistribution, collecting data on the basis of the estimated details of insurance contribution and individual money wage lists for each one year before and after the combination of medical insurance program for industrial workers, by systematic sampling, extracting 4,160 families(14,764 people) among people applied to medical insurance program for self employees in Taegu City on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 with 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees and medical insurance program for government employees and private school teachers combined, comparing the effect of income redistribution of before and after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees. The insurance contribution by household after the combination of medical insurance program for self employees showed the increase rate of average 20.9%, among them households of 68.8% increased and 31.2% decreased. The effect of income-redistribution was more positive because the degree of inequality was more deepened from 0.64 of the before-combination to 0.45 of the after-one in decile distribution ratio, from 0.26 to 0.34 in Gini -coefficient. Decile distribution ratio on the basis of insurance benefits by household was from 0.09 in the before-combination to 0.14 in the after-one, Gini-coefficient from 0.16 in the before-combination to 0.57 in the after-one was a little lowered. And decile distribution ratio of insurance benefits on the basis of insurance contribution was higher from 1.08 in the before-combination to 1.23 in the after-one, concentration index was a little lowered from 0.14 to 0.11, the effect of income-redistribution was improved in the phase of insurance benefits. The income-transfer rate of medical insurance program for self employees (the occupied rate of insurance benefits/ the occupied rate of insurance contribution) showed a lower trend in all of the before and after-combination towards upper classes, it was known that the income-transfer rate was higher from 1st degree to 7th degree in the after-combination in comparison with the before-one, but the effect of income¬redistribution was high because the income-transfer rate was lowered from 8th degree to 10th degree. The rate of medical insurance benefits (insurance benefits/ insurance contribution) increased from 0.79 in the before-combination to 1.07 in the after-one, and showed over 1.0 under 3th degree before the combination, but all of it was higher than 1.0 under 7th degree after the combination, the after-combination was more improved than the before-one in view of the rate of insurance benefits. As the result of above, on the basis of Oct. 1st in 1998 that 227 associations of medical insurance program for self employees was combined into one, we could say that the equality of imposing medical insurance contribution was more re-considered in the after-combination than in the before-one. But this study analyzed with classes divided, anyway, on the basis of insurance contribution, we have limit in explaining the correct effect of income-redistribution, because it was not analyzed according to classes of income, though it helps to analogize the effect of income-redistribution. So there must be analysis about the effect of income-redistribution, on the basis of the system, building up the system to grasp the correct income of the insureds of medical insurance program for self employees.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.617-642
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• 2011

The purpose of our study is to analyze the determinants of the benefits of the long-term care insurance in Korea using 2008 and 2009 cross-sectional data. Per capita long-term care insurance benefits can be divided into home care services utilization rate, institutional care services utilization rate, per capita home care services benefits, and per capita institutional care services benefits, which are used as the dependent variables in our regression analysis. Admission rate and the ratio of the admitted to the applicant also used as the dependent variables. The results of our analysis show that the explanatory variables such as income level, needs for care, family type, access to the services, and regional characteristics are statistically significant to explain the dependent variables, the long-term care insurance benefits. The higher is the regional income and the more of the female residents, the more are the long-term care insurance benefits. The easier is the access to the services, the more are the insurance benefits. In the rural area, the level of the insurance benefits is relatively high. We propose that copayment rates of the long-term care insurance should be examined and monitoring on the over-use of the services should be done. Also preventive services and care by the family member should be expanded.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.22 no.51
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• pp.199-210
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• 1999

The number of car accident is Recently on the increase in Korea because of the explosive increase of cars, the poor road condition, the lack of safety facility, and others. The insurant with a accident has to decide whether receiving a insurance or not. In this paper, we represent a reasonable decision support material by calculating the approximate insurance fee based on the discount rate and premium additive rate, which is changed by the accident type and the accident expenditure. Practically, there is difference in the standard insurance rate and premium additive rate according to the accident type and the accident expenditure in Korea. The premium additive rate is assessed considering the number of accident, the pattern of accident, and the reason of accident for 3 years. In this paper, we represent a decision making method considering not only the first-time car accident but also the future car accident. For considering the repeated accident, we analyzed the real data accumulated until the year of 1996 from S Insurance Company, and estimated the probability density function between the first and the second-time accident, and executed the goodness of fit test using ARENA and STATISTICA software. Using this conditional PDF, we can calculate the insurance fee next 3 years and compare the insurance fee with the equivalent present value of cash flows. The program performing this analysis is represented, and written in VISUAL BASIC Language. We tried to suggest an accurate guideline for the insurant to decide the insurance coverage rationally, and tried to correct a wrong idea of dependence on the car insurance only by the amount of the accident expenditure. And we expect this study can generally be applied to many different accident types under the uncertain circumstances in our daily life.