• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidative effects of Opuntia humifusa powder and determine the optimal composite recipe by three different amounts of Opuntia humifusa powder, sugar and butter in cookies prepared with Opuntia humifusa powder. In regard to its antioxidant effects, Opuntia humifusa powder had a total phenolic content and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of $6.64{\pm}0.54mg/g$ and $90.12{\pm}0.42%$, respectively. response surface methodology was used to obtain sixteen experimental points(including three replicates for Opuntia humifusa powder, sugar and butter) and Opuntia humifusa cookie formulation was optimized using rheology. The results of the sensory evaluation produced very significant values for color (p<0.05), flavor (p<0.05), texture (p<0.05), sweetness (p<0.05), appearance (p<0.05), overall quality (p<0.05), and the results of instrumental analysis showed significant values in sweetness (p<0.001), hardness (p<0.001), lightness (p<0.001), redness (p<0.001), yellowness (p<0.01). As a results, the optimum formulations obtained by numerical and graphical methods were found to be 3.11 g of Opuntia humifusa powder, 35.00 g of sugar and 50.54 g of butter.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.414-427
• /
• 2012

Carcass characteristics and meat quality traits as a function of endpoint months of slaughter age (26 vs 32 mon) and chiller ageing (1 vs 10 d) were evaluated for m. longissmus of 26 Hanwoo steers fed with commercial diets including whole crop barley silage. Totally twenty six Hanwoo steers for 6 mon of age that were fed until 26 mon of age constituted the short term-fed group and fed until 32 mon of age constituted long-term fed group. Carcasses were chilled for 24 h and were graded. Strip loin samples were divided into two age groups (1 d and 10 d). Long-term feeding increased carcass weight, rib-eye area, yield grade, marbling score, firmness and quality grade of the meat. The feeding for 32 mon produced tender, juicy meat (p<0.01) with lower cooking loss and higher rating score (p<0.05) than short term feeding, while other quality traits were not influenced by the length of feeding. Intramuscular fat content and oxidative stability (TBARS value) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in beef from long-term feeding however the length of feeding did not alter the fatty acid composition. Chiller aging reduced instrumental tenderness (WBSF value), improved color, sensory tenderness, acceptability and rating of beef. The results of the present study mirrors that Hanwoo steers until 32 mon of age overall improved carcass traits and palatability compared to that for 26 mon. However, from the viewpoints of economical and environmental aspects, cost of the additional feeding for 6 mon for value-adding of eating quality was relatively high and the effects in turn were limited.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.37 no.3
• /
• pp.223-235
• /
• 2004

A functional ability and adequate nutritional status are the major determinants of health status, Self-rated health (SRH) is a worldwide method to assess health status and it is recognized as a predictor of morbidity and mortality in the elderly, This study was designed to evaluate the functional ability and nutritional risk according to SRH in the elderly. Four hundred nine free-living elderly people (118 male, 291 female), aged $\geq$ 65 years were interviewed by trained interviewers using structured questionnaires including demographic information, SRH, anthropometric measurements, functional ability, general health status, and nutritional risk. SRH was divided into three status such as “Good”, “Moderate” and “Poor” status. And all the data were analyzed by oneway ANOVA, spearman correlation, and x$^2$ analysis using SPSS 9.0 version at p 〈 0.05. Of all the subjects, 48.9％ perceived their health status as “poor”, and their functional abilities (activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living) were more impaired than their counterparts (“good” and “moderate”). Poor self-rated health was also related to: a higher prevalence of illnesses (p 〈 0,001) especially in hypertension, arthritis. Self-rated health was significantly related to food security (p 〈 0.001), food enjoyment (p 〈 0.001) ,and nutritional knowledge (p = 0.0 13). Also NSI checklist total score was the highest in “poor” health status (p 〈 0.001). Better self-rated health was related to better food security, and better food enjoyment. However, smoking, alcoholic intake, exercise, eating behaviors, and demographic characteristics were not significantly different among the three SRH status. SRH was closely related to chronic diseases, functional ability, and nutritional risk in the elderly. Therefore, public health strategies for the elderly should be focused on the elderly who are “poor” in SRH, to improve nutritional status and functional ability, and to reduce risk factors of chronic diseases.

• Geosciences Journal
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.871-880
• /
• 2018

During and shortly after the 2017 Pohang Earthquake ($M_w$ 5.4), sand blows were observed around the epicenter for the first time since the beginning of instrumental seismic recording in South Korea. We carried out field surveys plus satellite and drone imagery analyses, resulting in observation of approximately 600 sand blows on Quaternary sediment cover in this area. Most were observed within 3 km of the epicenter, with the farthest being 15 km away. In order to investigate the ground's susceptibility to liquefaction, we conducted a trench study of a 30 m-long sand blow in a rice field 1 km from the earthquake epicenter. The physical characteristics of the liquified sediments (grain size, impermeable barriers, saturation, and low overburden pressure) closely matched the optimum ground conditions for liquefaction. Additionally, we found a series of soft sediment deformation structures (SSDSs) within the trench walls, such as load structures and water-escaped structures. The latter were vertically connected to sand blows on the surface, reflecting seismogenic liquefaction involving subsurface deformation during sand blow formation. This genetic linkage suggests that SSDS research would be useful for identifying prehistoric damage-inducing earthquakes ($M_w$ > 5.0) in South Korea because SSDSs have a lower formation threshold and higher preservational potential than geomorphic markers formed by surface ruptures. Thus, future combined studies of Quaternary surface faults and SSDSs are required to provide reliable paleoseismological information in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.238-252
• /
• 2002

In order to screen out indicators for the discrimination of ginseng habitat, some physical and chemical characteristics of Korean red ginsengs (94 kinds) and Chinese red ginsengs (50 kinds) were analyzed by using a rheometer, an electronic nose system, a combined technique of solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and gas chromatograph equipped with an electron capture detector (GC/ECD), an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP/MS), a near infrared spectrometer (NIRs) and high performance liquid chromatography equipped with evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC/ELSD). The results are summarized as follows: (i) The rhizome strengths of Korean red ginsengs were significantly higher than those of Chinese red ginsengs. (ii) The electronic nose patterns of Korean red ginsengs were significantly different from those of Chinese red ginsengs. (iii) Some unidentified peaks were detected not in the headspace of Korean red ginsengs but in the headspace of Chinese red ginsengs when the headspace volatiles prepared by the SPME technique were analyzed by GC/ECD. (iv) Either the content ratios of K to Ca or Mn to Fe were significantly different between Korean red ginsengs and Chinese red ginsengs. (v) The reflectance ratios of NIRs wavenumbers such as $904\;cm^{-1}\;to\;1088\;cm^{-1}$ for Korean red ginsengs were significantly different from those for Chinese red ginsengs. (vi) The content ratios of ginsenoside-Rg to ginsenoside-Re of Korean red ginsengs were significantly higher than those of Chinese red ginsengs. These results indicate that the rhizome strength, the electronic nose pattern, the occurrence of ECD-sensitive headspace volatile components, the content ratios of K to Ca and Mn to Fe, the NIRs pattern and the content ratio of ginsenoside-Rg to -Re may be indicators for the discrimination of ginseng habitat.

• Korean Public Health Research
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.25-34
• /
• 2018

Objective : This study aimed to examine the association Self-Rated Health(hereafter SRH) and Activities of Daily Living(hereafter ADL), Independent Activities of Daily Living(hereafter IADL) among Korean elderly. Methods : Using nationally representative cross sectional studies called 2014 Survey of living conditions and welfare needs of Korean elder persons. We used SRH as an independent variable, disabilities of ADL and IADL as dependent variables. Logistic regression was implemented and potential confounders such as socio-economic status, demographic characteristics and others were adjusted. Results : It was revealed that people who were female(than male) and 75 or more years old(than less than 75 years old) were shown to have poor SRH and disabilities of both ADL and IADL. In logistic regression model, poor SRH was associated with ADL and IADL disabilities. Especially, their association was more remarkable among male than among female. It can be understood that socio-economic contexts affect quality of life among elderly and SRH can be differently perceived by gender. Conclusions : Our notable findings showed that gender perspective is needed to understand SRH and daily living among elderly.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.619-630
• /
• 2019

Dyslipidemia is a representative chronic disease affecting Koreans that requires continuous management. It is also a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension and diabetes. However, it is difficult to diagnose vascular disease without a medical examination. This study identifies risk factors for the recognition and prevention of dyslipidemia. By integrating them, we construct a statistical instrumental nomogram that can predict the incidence rate while visualizing. Data were from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) for 2013-2016. First, a chi-squared test identified twelve risk factors of dyslipidemia. We used a naïve Bayesian classifier model to construct a nomogram for the dyslipidemia. The constructed nomogram was verified using a receiver operating characteristics curve and calibration plot. Finally, we compared the logistic nomogram previously presented with the Bayesian nomogram proposed in this study.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.61 no.1
• /
• pp.145-159
• /
• 2019

A good number of drought indices have been introduced and applied in different regions for monitoring drought conditions, but some of those are region-specific and have limitations for use under other climatic conditions because of the inherently complex characteristics of drought phenomenon. Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) indices are widely used all over the world, including Bangladesh. Although newly developed, studies have demonstrated The Effective Drought Index (EDI) to perform better compared to SPIs in some areas. This research examined the performance of EDI to the SPI for detecting drought events throughout 35 years (1981 to 2015) in Bangladesh. Rainfall data from 27 meteorological stations across Bangladesh were used to calculate the EDI and SPI values. Results suggest that the EDI can detect historical records of actual events better than SPIs. Moreover, EDI is more efficient in assessing both short and long-term droughts than SPIs. Results also indicate that SPI3 and the EDI indices have a better capability of detecting drought events in Bangladesh compared to other SPIs; however, SPI1 produced erroneous estimates. Therefore, EDI is found to be more responsive to drought conditions and can capture the real essence of the drought situation in Bangladesh. Outcomes from this study bear policy implications on mitigation measures to minimize the loss of agricultural production in drought-prone areas. Information on severity level and persistence of drought conditions will be instrumental for resource managers to allocate scarce resources optimally.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.201-219
• /
• 2021

Recently, in order to understand the role of the ocean in global problems such as climate change, various researchers have made efforts to integrate and systematically manage the data collected from the world's oceans over the past half century. In Korea, public institutions, research institutes, and universities are carrying out efforts to continuously monitor changes in the marine environment in the waters surrounding Korea. The various types of marine chemical data produced in this way have been independently managed according to the purpose of each institution. Recently, efforts are being made to integrate various data led by the state. In this study, the data quality management method used to systematically manage the data of various types produced by various institutions abroad was explained. In this study, by applying this method, the format of data produced by various domestic institutions is unified, primary quality control of data according to oceanographic characteristics, secondary quality control using reliable data and comparison or standard materials, etc. It aims to provide basic information for carrying out these processes, and ultimately contribute to integrating data collected for various purposes in Korea into a data set that can be compared with each other regardless of the proficiency of producers.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
• /
• v.42 no.4
• /
• pp.639-654
• /
• 2022

The current study investigated the effects of the most suitable modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) on the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of fermented dry sausages during 45 days of refrigeration (4℃) storage period. Treatments were vacuum-packed (control), 25% CO₂/75% N₂ (MAP1), 50% CO₂/50% N₂ (MAP2), 70% CO₂/30% N₂ (MAP3), and 100% CO₂ (MAP4). All MAP samples regardless of their CO₂ composition significantly (p<0.05) decreased in pH, a_w, total plate count, and lactic acid bacteria count values as compared to the vacuum-package during storage. The Enterobacteriaceae count in all MAP packaging was significantly (p<0.05) lower than the vacuum-packed samples and counts in MAP3 and MAP4 samples were markedly (p<0.05) lower than all other treatments in prolonged storage of 15 and 45 days. Based on the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance content at day 15 and 30 storage time, treatments are ranked as follows: Vacuum-packed>MAP1>MAP2>MAP3>MAP4. The a^* of MAP4 was higher than all other treatments. In the final storage days, no variation was exhibited (p>0.05) among treatments in lactic acid aroma and sourness, and MAP2 samples had the lowest (p<0.05) overall acceptability. The use of MAPs with an increase in the CO₂ from MAP1 to MAP4 samples can help in better microbial inhibition than vacuum package, and 70% CO₂/30% N₂ (MAP3) and 100% CO₂ (MAP4) were effective to maintain several quality parameters (a_w, pH, microbial inhibition, stability against lipid oxidation, and instrumental color traits) and extend the shelf life of dry fermented sausage.