• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.141-158
• /
• 2005

A new design of distributed crack sensors based on the topological change of transmission line cables is presented for the condition assessment of reinforced concrete (RC) structures during and immediately after an earthquake event. This study is primarily focused on the performance of cable sensors under dynamic loading, particularly a feature that allows for some "memory" of the crack history of an RC member. This feature enables the post-earthquake condition assessment of structural members such as RC columns, in which the earthquake-induced cracks are closed immediately after an earthquake event due to gravity loads, and are visually undetectable. Factors affecting the onset of the feature were investigated experimentally with small-scale RC beams under cyclic loading. Test results indicated that both crack width and the number of loading cycles were instrumental in the onset of the memory feature of cable sensors. Practical issues related to dynamic acquisition with the sensors are discussed. The sensors were proven to be fatigue resistant from shake table tests of RC columns. The sensors continued to show useful performance after the columns can no longer support additional loads.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.49-63
• /
• 2015

PISA 2012 showed that while Korean students achieved high-level math achievement in mathematics their levels are relatively lower in math self-efficacy. Students from Singapore, on the other hand, achieved high scores both in math achievement and in math self-efficacy. The results of the two countries differed although both countries has been sharing the same East Asian cultural sphere. This study analyzed the input and the process variables on the student- and school-level concerning math self-efficacy. The results were as follows. In Korea, math interest, instrumental motivation, elaboration strategies, applied and pure math tasks were the student-level variables that affected math self-efficacy. In Singapore, math interest, control strategies, elaboration strategies, applied and pure math tasks were the student-level variables that affected mathematics self-efficacy. Math club, teachers' low expectations were the school-level variables that affected math self-efficacy. For a higher-level of math self-efficacy in Korea, it is important to encourage students not only to use control strategies, but to participate in math clubs. It is equally important for teachers to have higher expectations towards students.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 2019

The paper aims to investigate the impacts of long-term savings motives on fostering household participation and contribution to savings mechanisms in rural Vietnam. The paper is organized in five parts: introduction, data description, methodology, empirical results, and conclusion. The quantitative methodology is employed and three simultaneous estimation methods, including instrumental variable model, two-step model, and Heckman model are used to test these impacts as well as the robustness of results. In each model, the paper examines the impacts of independent factors on both household participation and household contribution to savings mechanisms. Two sets of independent variables: long-term savings motives (profit-making investment, accumulation for big expenditure, providing for old age, and cost of educations) and control variables (dependency rate, number of people in household, and household wealth) are in each model. A set of dataset of 2,314 households for analysis is obtained from household survey in rural Vietnam. Robust statistical findings indicate that profit-making investment emerged to be the strongest motive fostering household participation to savings mechanisms while other long-term savings motives have little or no impact on fostering household participation to savings mechanisms. In addition, education investment encourages household contribution to savings mechanisms in rural Vietnam.

• 노인간호학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.167-176
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Post Stroke Depression (PSD) is one of the most common complications for stroke survivors and is associated with negative health outcomes such as disability, death. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of PSD among older Korean adults living in the community. Methods: Data collection was done using the 2014 Survey of Living Conditions and Welfare Needs of Korean Older Adults. Participants were 706 older adults who had a stroke. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of PSD. Results: The prevalence of PSD which was assessed by the short form of the geriatric depression scale was 49.4%. In a logistic regression model, the predictors of PSD were self-rated health (OR=5.90, CI=3.70~9.40), economic state (OR=2.97, CI=2.07~4.24), independent activities of daily living (IADL) (OR=2.17, CI=1.30~3.63), Activities of Daily Living (ADL) (OR=2.02, CI=1.07~3.80), and education (OR=1.53, CI=1.05~2.24). Conclusion: PSD was common among older Korean adults living in the community. Poor self-rated health status, lower economic state, lower levels of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) and ADL, lower levels of education should be considered when conducting activities related to prevention and management of PSD in older adults.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제9권10호
• /
• pp.251-264
• /
• 2022

This study explores e-banking variables that affect client satisfaction in the Saudi Arabian banking industry spanning three dimensions: reliability, security concerns, and efficiency, which were chosen as predictors of customer satisfaction in the e-banking industry. A field survey using a self-administered questionnaire as a data collection instrument was adopted to collect the required data from a convenience sample of 250 participants of Saudi banking customers. The overall fit of the hypothesized model was tested using linear regression to find the rate of the independent factors' impact on the dependent variable. The study's findings revealed that there is a statistically significant relationship between the three dimensions and customer satisfaction in Saudi e-banking, with the largest impact being that of reliability, followed by efficiency, and finally security concerns. Also, the study found there was a significant difference in reliability which was considered more important for Saudis and there was a significant difference in efficiency, which was considered more important by males. The findings of this study suggest that these three dimensions are instrumental in e-banking customer satisfaction and that banks can gain a competitive edge by providing better services in these dimensions to sustain and develop their performance in the increasingly globalized banking industry.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.89-105
• /
• 2024

Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method has exhibited broad application prospects in the nondestructive detection of interfacial debonding in steel-concrete composite structures (SCCS). However, due to the structural diversity of SCCS and the high stealthiness of interfacial debonding defects, the feasibility of MASW method needs to be investigated in depth. In this study, synthetic parametric study on MASW nondestructive debonding detection for SCCSs is performed. The aim is to quantitatively analyze influential factors with respect to structural composition of SCCS and MASW measurement mode. First, stress wave composition and propagation process in SCCS are studied utilizing 2D numerical simulation. For structural composition in SCCS, the thickness variation of steel plate, concrete core, and debonding defects are discussed. To determine the most appropriate sensor arrangement for MASW measurement, the effects of spacing and number of observation points, along with distances between excitation points, nearest boundary, as well as the first observation point, are analyzed individually. The influence of signal type and frequency of transient excitation on dispersion figures from forwarding analysis is studied to determine the most suitable excitation signal. The findings from this study can provide important theoretical guidance for MASW-based interfacial debonding detection for SCCS. Furthermore, they can be instrumental in optimizing both the sensor layout design and signal choice for experimental validation.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.204-220
• /
• 2008

Objectives: This study was performed to determine the levels of depression symptoms among the community elderlies and to reveal its related factors, specifically aimed at revealing psycho-social factors such as social support net-work, sense of self-esteem, state anxiety, interpersonal behavior trait and locus of control. Methods: The interviews were performed during the period from April 1st to June 30th, 2007 to the 790 elderlies in urban and rural areas. Results: The mean scores of depression (CES-D) among all subjects were 16.65±10.97(urban: 18.81±10.31, rural: 14.49±11.20) and they were higher in urban than rural. The level of depression symptoms was influenced by the variables of educational level, with or without spouse, bear for living expenses, sense of satisfaction in daily life. As for health related behaviors, they were influenced by the variables of with or without regular exercise. As for health status, they were influenced by the subjective health status, with or without disability of body, visual acuity, hearing ability, ability of food mastication, urinary incontinence, with or without help in activity of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL). As for social support net-work and social activities, they were influenced by number of offspring, frequency of offspring contents, frequency of going out and activity of hobbies. As for psycho-social factors, they were influenced by sense of self-esteem, state anxiety and social support, especially, the level of depression symptoms was higher influenced by the variables of psycho-social factors than other variables. Conclusions: Lower of the level of depression symptoms among the community elderlies would require development and application of programs to keep under management psycho-social factors as well as looking for ways to promoting the present health status.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.241-262
• /
• 2010

초등학생의 분수 덧셈 뺄셈 계산 과정의 분석을 통해서 다양한 인지적 장애 현상의 유형을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 분수 계산에서 나타나는 인지적 장애 현상의 원인을 인식론적, 심리적 요인으로 구분하여 분석하였다. 인식론적 요인으로는 과잉 일반화, 직관의 영향, 언어적 표현의 영향, 부분에만 주목하는 경향을, 심리적 요인으로는 도구적 이해, 오류적 개념 이미지, 자연수 계산에 대한 집착, 문제 조건 변형을 통한 개인적 이해 등을 확인할 수 있었다. 앞의 분석 결과를 바탕으로 학생들이 분수 계산에서 겪는 인지적 장애 극복을 위한 방안과 관련하여 다음의 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 학생들 스스로 분수 덧셈과 뺄셈에 대한 잘못된 인식을 깨닫고 올바른 이해를 도울 수 있는 지도 방안의 고려가 필요하다. 둘째, 알고리즘과 형식화에 치중하기보다 다양한 활동을 통해 원리를 이해하도록 지도하는 활동이 무엇보다 중요하다. 인지적 장애는 선행 지식과의 관련성 외에 인식론적, 심리적 요인들의 복합적인 작용에 기인하므로 선행지식을 재지도하는 방식을 넘어 다양한 인지적 장애 원인을 고려한 수업 연구가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.43-50
• /
• 2020

본 연구를 통해 스마트 음악 플랫폼 사용자의 사용의도에 미치는 영향 요인으로 지각된 유용성, 지각된 용이성, 지각된 오락성, 지각된 원가 등 서비스 품질의 역할을 연구하고자 한다. 이를 바탕으로 스마트 음악 플랫폼 사용자의 사용의도에 영향을 미치는 과정을 제시하고, 중국 음악전공 대학생들을 대상으로 400부의 설문지를 배부하여 398부를 수집하였고, 수집된 데이터는 SPSS 20.0와 AMOS 20.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도 분석, 탐색적 요인 분석, 확인적 요인분석, 상관관계분석, 구조방정식 모형 분석을 실시하여 결과를 도출하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 서비스 품질은 지각된 유용성, 지각된 용이성, 지각된 오락성, 지각된 원가에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 지각된 유용성, 지각된 용이성, 지각된 오락성이 이용자의 사용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 지각된 원가는 사용의도에 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 연구결과를 도출하였다. 이러한 결론을 통해 기업가가 스마트 음악 플랫폼의 운영과 수익시스템을 개선하여 스마트 음악 플랫폼의 지속 가능한 발전을 도모하는 데 중요한 의미를 제시하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.122-130
• /
• 2008

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the associated factors of the perceived health status of the elderly in Korea and to provide basic data for developing nursing interventions for the elderly's health management. Methods: This study used a descriptive correlational research design. The subjects of this study were 335 elderly people over 60 yr living in an urban city. Data were collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from September 2006 to March 2007. Empirical indicators of perceived health status were measured by SF-36, nutritional screening initiative (NSI), activities of daily living (ADL) Index, and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) scale. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical regression. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 72.8 and 57.0% of subjects were female. 41.5% of variance in physical health was explained by nutrition, ADL, IADL, and the number of years attending school. Among them the most important factor was ADL. 13.2% of variance in mental health was explained the number of family, nutrition, and IADL. Among them the most important factor was nutrition. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop supportive interventions for improving the perceived health status of elderly people by considering the most important factors shown in this study.