• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.23-34
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• 2010

After analyzing each procedure from standard instrument procedures used at Incheon International Airport, which is believed to have caused noise problems in and around Ganghwa island, we came to a conclusion that some Standard Instrument Departure Procedures and Standard Instrument Approach Procedures need to be revised, and therefore we made some propositions with regard to noise abatement procedures(CDA, RNAV approach etc.). Additionally, we evaluated viability of the proposed flight procedures by conducting a number of demonstrations with use of flight simulation.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.185-193
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 계기비행절차 설계 프로그램 개발 과정을 개괄적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 제품의 시장 경쟁력 강화를 위하여 외산 제품에 대하여 조사하고 분석하였다. 개발 요구조건 도출을 위하여 계기비행절차 설계 기준에 대하여 살펴보고, 소프트웨어 프로그램 개발 및 시험평가 과정에 대하여 설명하였다.

• 산업공학
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 1993

A nonstandard instrument used in the filed frequently becomes out-of-calibration due to environmental noise, misuse, aging, etc. A substantial amount of loss may result if such nonstandard instrument is used to check product quality and performance. Traditional periodic calibration at the calibration center is not capable of detecting out-of-calibration status while the instrument is in use, and therefore, statistical methods need to be developed to check the status of a nonstandard instrument in the field between calibrations. Developed in this paper is a unified measurement assurance model in which statistical calibration at the calibration center and measurement assurance test in the filed are combined. We developed statistical procedures to detect changes in precision and in the coefficients of the calibration equation. Futher, computational experiments are conducted to evaluate how the power of test varies with respect to the parameters involved. Based upon the computational results we suggest procedures for designing effective measurement assurance tests.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2017

Obstacle defines all fixed and mobile objects, or parts thereof, that are located on an area intended for the surface movement of aircraft or extend above a defined surface intended to protect aircraft in flight or stand outside those defined surfaces and that have been assessed as being a hazard to air navigation. Aircraft operations are based on electronic supporting systems using radio frequencies to assist pilots. These frequencies can receive outside interference that change their courses or power, such as distortion, attenuation or reinforcements by an obstacle. This is a preliminary case study that shows the relation of instrument flight procedures and the degree of interferences introduced by a planned obstacle, which is a main bridge post, within the service volume of the radio navigation aids. For the purpose of this study, the case airport's data and it's VOR/DME and ILS systems' limitations are analyzed, as well as the relation of interferences between the obstacle and navigation aides were reviewed with the internal regulations in Korea.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.575-584
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• 1997

The quality of periodontal instrument cutting edge is a basic element of effective root planing procedure. Using instruments, the sharp edge is changed into blunt or beveled edge. With the blunt instrument, the periodontal treatment can't be carried into accuracy and effective. The study on the wear of periodontal curet is insufficient, there are few publications about the change of sharpness of cutting egde after using instrument and a certen reports were published on the study of scanning electron microscope(SEM) examination. In this study, to declare the number of strokes for sharpening of instruments, the changes of cutting edge is measured by the clinical methods, tactile sensitivity examination and refraction light-white line test after scaling strokes and root planing strokes. SEM test was added for defined the changes of cutting edges. The 7/8 Gracey curets that have been never used was tested. Maxillary molars which were extracted from the School of Dental Medicine, Dankook University was used. Subjected teeth had attachment loss more than 6 mm in bucca-lingual surface and sufficient calculus of a band type in cervical area. The strokes of curet were executed 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13 times on scaling stroke and 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 times on root planing stroke. A resident has periodontal experience over 3 years carried out the clinical examinations those tactile sensitivity examination and refraction light-white line test 5 times. The case there being tactile sensitivity certenly is 2, the case being felt tactile sensitivity is 1, and the case there not being tactile sensitivity is 0. The visual examination was recorded as following. The case that refracted white line is not recognised is 2, the case that uncerten is 1, and the case that acknowledged is 0. The results were obtained as follows. 1. After scaling strokes, the tactile sensitivity was reduced after 11 strokes and disappeared in 13 strokes. 2. In tactile sensitivity after root planing procedures, sensitivity was reduced after 25 strokes and disappeared in 35 strokes. 3. In case of visual examination, the detection of refracted white line was increased after 9 strokes of scaling procedures and the accuracy of wear wasn't showed after root planing procedures. 4. In SEM, metal projection was observed on new periodontal curet cutting edge and it was disappeared after scaling procedures. 5. In SEM, the cutting edge was showed changing linear into an aspect of the surface after 5 strokes of scaling procedures and 10 strokes of root planing procedures and showed beveled edge in 11 strokes of scaling procedures, 25 strokes of root planing procedures. The results of 3-type examination indicated that the sharpening of curet should be performed after 11 strokes of scaling procedures and 25 strokes of root planing procedures.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.675-677
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• 2015

A data simulator and reduction package for the Devasthal Optical Telescope Integral Field Spectrograph (DOTIFS) has been developed. Since data reduction for the Integral Field Spectrograph (IFS) requires complicated procedures due to the complex nature of the integral spectrograph, common reduction procedures are usually not directly applicable for such an instrument. Therefore, the development of an optimized package for the DOTIFS is required. The data simulator observes artificial object and simulates CCD images for the instrument considering various effects; e.g. atmosphere, sky background, transmission, spectrograph optics aberration, and detector noise. The data reduction package has been developed based on the outcomes from the DOTIFS data simulator. The reduction package includes the entire processes for the reduction; pre-processing, flat-fielding, and sky subtraction. It generates 3D data cubes as a final product, which users can use for science directly.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.11-22
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• 2000

계기비행 시뮬레이터는 조종사들이 실제 비행 시 발생할 수 있는 여러 상황에 대비하여 각종 계기의 판독 및 조작 방법과 비행 절차 등을 숙달하기 위해 사용된다. 그러나 현재까지 개발된 시뮬레이터들은 실제 항공기와 동일한 환경의 구축에 주로 관심을 두었으나 비행에 필요한 다양한 기본적인 임무와 이착륙 절차 등에 관한 체계적 훈련과 훈련 결과에 대한 자동적인 평가 방안에 대해서는 연구가 미진한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 계기비행 시뮬레이터에서 비행 중 임무, 이착륙 임무, 항로 비행과 같은 각종 비행 임무의 구현 및 평가 방법을 제시하도록 한다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2015

현재 대부분의 공항에서 운용중인 계기착륙시스템 (ILS; instrument landing system)은 시스템 특성상 단일경로로 운영되어, 다수의 항공기를 수용하기에는 한계가 있다. 이러한 한계점을 해결하기 위해 GNSS를 이용한 위성항법시스템인 GBAS가 개발되었다. GBAS는 ILS 보다 위치 정확도도 높고 단일경로가 아닌 다수의 경로를 이용하여 착륙이 가능하기 때문에, 다양한 착륙절차를 수행할 수 있다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 환경적인 요건과 공역 제한 때문에 ILS 설치가 불가피한 태안비행장에 가상 ILS 절차를 수립한 후 cessna skyhawk 172를 이용하여 가상 ILS 절차와 curved approach 절차를 비교하는 비행시험을 하여 curved approach에 대한 장점을 확인 하였다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.93-97
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• 2013

During root canal preparation procedures, the potential for instrument breakage is always present. When instrument breakage occurs, it leads to anxiety of the clinician and as well as a metallic obstruction of the canal which hinders further cleaning and shaping. Separated instruments must always be attempted for retrieval and if retrieval is not possible bypass should be tried. With the increased use of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments the incidence of separated instruments has increased. A considerable amount of research has been done to understand the various factors related to the fracture of NiTi instruments to minimize its occurrence. This paper presents a review of the literature regarding the fracture of NiTi instruments and also describes a case report showing the use of a modified 18-guage needle and cyanoacrylate glue to retrieve a separated NiTi instrument from the mesiolingual canal of a mandibular first molar.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2017

Prior to the introduction of a medical apparatus based on heavy-ion medical accelerator in Korea, a study is needed on quality control in clinical operation for the safe and appropriate usage of the instrument. Data relevant for the study were obtained via information sharing sessions and visits by the Particle Therapy Co-Operative Group (PTCOG) and other related academic associations. Furthermore, investigative analysis of the European and Japanese performance evaluation guidelines for heavy ion, as well as research on relevant literature, were conducted. In addition, instrumental standards were analyzed through an investigation of the current usage status of the heavy-ion medical accelerator, and further analysis was conducted on the evaluation methods for the performance, safety, and significance of the instrument. Based on these analyses, regular quality control procedures for heavy-ion medical accelerators in hospitals and other institutes were extrapolated. It is hoped that the results of this study will facilitate hospitals that have introduced heavy-ion medical accelerators, or are considering the implementation of the instrument, in their understanding of the fundamental standards and capabilities of the treatment system, as well as in establishing and carrying out quality control procedures for clinical operations such that it will contribute to the safety of patients and the efficiency of medical practitioners.