• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 2009

The current exploratory study attempted to investigate the levels of expected and perceived service quality of in-flight meals. A questionnaire was developed following extensive literature review and in-depth interviews. The survey was conducted on board a flight by international passengers and also by passengers in the trans lounge waiting for connecting flights between October 21, 2005 through October 30, 2005. Out of the 450 questionnaires administered, a total of 319 completed questionnaires were returned, yielding a response rate of 89.6%. The 20 items representing the service quality factor of in-flight meals were analyzed, resulting in four distinct dimensions-food quality, employee service, cleanliness and reliability. In all dimensions, customer expectation was higher than the perceived level of service and the service quality of Korean based airlines was higher than that compared to foreign based airlines. There were differences in the perceived service quality of in-flight meals according to the demographics of the respondents. The results of this study can be beneficial from a theoretical and practical point of view by providing empirical data that measures the service quality of in-flight meals.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.473-481
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• 2006

Purpose: The Purpose of this study was to examine the factors on the nursing home quality indicators. Methods: The subjects of this study were 377 residents living in the nursing home more than 30 bed. The subject's minimum length of residence is 3 months and age of the subject is year of 65 over. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multilevel analysis. Results: The main result of the study were in following. First, the quality gap among nursing homes resulted from both institutional and person level factors. Second, the person level factors affecting the quality of nursing home included ALD. However institution level factors had no direct effect on dependent valuable. Third, the interaction effect between the institution and person level factors was found. The ADL have less effect on the quality of nursing homes doing more quality management than of nursing homes doing less. Forth, The effect of ADL was different according to the level of care planing and satisfaction survey. Conclusion: These results suggest that the determinants of nursing home quality indicators were ADL & quality management. This study will contribute to apply nusing home quality indicators in Korea.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.78-91
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• 2017

In this study, we conducted a comparative study on user's perception and behavior on public system service (PSS) using institutionalism theory and MGA (multi-group analysis) methodology. In particular, this study focuses on how institutional isomorphism is applied to public system services and how MGA can be implemented correctly in a variance based SEM (structural equation model) such as PLS (partial least square). A data set of 496 effective responses was collected from pubic system users and an empirical research was conducted using three segmented models categorized by public proximity theory (public firms = 113, government contractors = 210, private contractors = 173). For rigorous group comparisons, each model was estimated by the same indicators and approaches. PLS-SEM was used in testing research hypotheses, followed by parametric and non-parametric PLS-MGA procedures in testing categorical moderation effects. This study applied novel procedures for testing composite measurement invariance prior to multi-group comparisons. The following main results and implications are drawn : 1) Partial measurement invariance was established. Multi-group analysis can be done by decomposed models although data can not be pooled for one integrated model. 2) Multi-group analysis using various approaches showed that proximity to public sphere moderated some hypothesized paths from quality dimensions to user satisfaction, which means that categorical moderating effects were partially supported. 3) Careful attention should be given to the selection of statistical test methods and the interpretation of the results of multi-group analysis, taking into account the different outcomes of the PLS-MGA test methods and the low statistical power of the moderating effect. It is necessary to use various methods such as comparing the difference in the path coefficient significance and the significance of the path coefficient difference between the groups. 4) Substantial differences in the perceptions and behaviors of PSS users existed according to proximity to public sphere, including the significance of path coefficients, mediation and categorical moderation effects. 5) The paper also provides detailed analysis and implication from a new institutional perspective. This study using a novel and appropriate methodology for performing group comparisons would be useful for researchers interested in comparative studies employing institutionalism theory and PLS-SEM multi-group analysis technique.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.266-277
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study analyzed the quality of lunches provided in senior leisure service (SLS) facilities and compared institutional foodservice (IF) and non-institutional foodservice (non-IF). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Data of 390 adults aged 65 years or older who ate lunches in SLS facilities were analyzed using the information from the 2013-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were classified into IF (n = 129) and non-IF (n = 261) groups according to meal type provided. The intake of major food groups, energy and nutrients, and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) were analyzed. The diversity of meals was evaluated by food group patterns, dietary diversity score (DDS) and dietary variety score (DVS). Energy intake was adjusted in model 1, while energy and sex were adjusted in model 2. All confounding variables were adjusted in model 3. RESULTS: The intake of seafoods (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3), seaweeds (P < 0.01 in models 1 and 2), and dairy products (P < 0.05 in models 1, 2, and 3) was significantly higher in the IF group. No significant difference existed in energy intake; however, the intake of all nutrients except carbohydrate and vitamin C was significantly higher in the IF group. NAR of all nutrients, excluding vitamin C, was higher in the IF group, and MAR was also higher in the IF group (P < 0.001 in models 1, 2, and 3). The IF group had significantly higher DDS and DVS than the non-IF group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The lunches provided in SLS facilities were better in terms of quantity and quality when provided through IF than through non-IF. More systematic foodservice programs should be implemented in SLS facilities, especially in facilities wherein users prepare their own meals.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.628-634
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• 2006

단체급식 및 대형 할인점에서 사용 및 판매되는 전처리 농산물중 급식에서 사용빈도가 높은 감자, 당근, 양배추에 대한 품질 평가를 실시하였다. 품질평가를 위해 관능 품질검사와 이화학적 분석이 이루어졌다. 전반적으로 대기업 급식업체에서 생산하는 전처리 농산물과 중소규모의 급식 납품업체에서 공급하는 제품 간의 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 또한 학교급식에 납품하는 업체의 전처리 농산물이 관능 품질검사에서 높은 점수를 나타내어 학교급식에서 사용되는 전처리 농산물의 품질이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면 대형할인점에서 판매하는 양배추, 당근, 감자의 품질은 개선의 여지가 보였다. 관능 품질 검사와 이화학적 분석 결과의 상관관계 분석에서는 "pH", "환원당"과 "산도"가 전처리된 양배추, 감자, 당근에서 관능 품질 검사 항목과 높은 상관관계를 나타냈고 이는 PLSR 분석을 통해서도 확인할 수 있었다. 향후 이들 농산물의 품질 검사에서 주요 분석항목으로 사용이 가능하리라 여겨진다. 전반적으로 단체급식에서 사용하는 전처리 농산물의 품질은 적정한 수준으로 여겨지나 가장 우려되는 부분이 식품의 안전성임을 고려할 때 다량 급식되는 식재료의 입고에서 조리-배식단계까지 주의가 확보되어야 할 것으로 여겨지고 실제 입고 후 조리 및 배식 전 과정에서의 분석이 향후 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.115-126
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to explore the citizens' perceptions of the smart city distribution strategy and its impact on quality of life, classifying generations into two groups: Generation X with Baby Boomers, and Millennials with Generation Z. This study formulated research questionsto explore how both generational groups perceive the impact of smart city experience, government's role, technology development, economic, social, and environmental factors, and institutional improvement on quality of life. Additionally, this study explored the influence of quality of life on city evaluation, life satisfaction, and the expected growth of the city. Research design, data and methodology: This study employed an online survey conducted by well-known research organization. This study utilized factor and regression analysis for data analysis. Results: This study revealed that the impact of smart city experience, technology development and social value on quality of life demonstrated significance in both generational groups. Additionally, the study identified significant results regarding the influence of quality of life on city evaluation, life satisfaction, and the expected growth of the city. Conclusions: The findings suggest that, for the development of smart cities, stakeholders should particularly consider economic value and environment aspects, as these factors ultimately impact on quality of life.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.79-88
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• 2005

질 관리란 진료 행위의 표준화 작업과 행위의 다양한 평가를 통해서 더 나은 치료 결과를 얻고자 이루어지는 체계적이고 종합적인 작업이다. 일반적으로 외과 영역의 질 관리는 항암화학치료나 방사선치료에 비해 적용이 어려운 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 최근 다기관 전향적 임상시험이 활발히 진행되면서, 두 가지의 수술법을 비교하거나 수술 전후 보조요법의 유용성을 확인하는 임상 연구에서 있어서 수술의 질 관리의 중요성이 점점 더 강조되고 있다. 위암의 경우 몇몇 대규모 전향적 임상시험이 시행되었으나 수술의 질 관리가 만족할 만한 수준으로 유지된 경우는 많지 않다. 유럽에서 시행되었던 D1-D2 림프절 절제술 비교 임상시험은 수술의 질 관리에 많은 노력을 기울인 연구였으나 우리나라의 실정과는 차이가 있는 반면, 현재 일본에서 시행 중인 D2와 D2 및 대동맥 주위림프절 절제술을 비교하는 임상시험에서는 우리에게도 적용 가능한 질 관리 프로그램이 다수 포함되어 있다. 향후 위암 수술에서의 다기관 무작위 전향적 임상시험을 성공적으로 수행하기 위해서는 learning curve 와 연간 증례 수를 고려한 치료자의 선택, 다양한 교육 및 의견 교류를 통한 수술 방법의 표준화, 체계적이고 통일된 전향적 데이터베이스 프로그램의 개발, 표준화된 수술 후 환자 관리 프로그램의 개발, 표준화된 수술 후 환자 관리 프로그램의 개발, 병리 검사 및 병리 기록의 표준화 등이 요구된다. 하지만 지나치게 세세한 표준화 작업 및 너무 많은 감시 프로그램은 환자 및 치료자 대상군 확보를 어렵게 만들고 프로토콜 위반율을 높일 수 있다는 점을 염두에 두어야 할 것이다.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2009

수량과 수질에 관한 정보는 수자원 관리뿐만 아니라 수공구조물의 계획, 설계 및 운영에 필수적인 자료로 활용된다. 우리나라에서 수량과 수질에 대한 정보는 목적에 따라 여러 기관에 의해 관측되고 있어 많은 문제점이 발생하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기술적 측면과 법, 제도 측면에서 수량과 수질 연계방안에 대하여 다음과 같은 다양한 대안을 제시하였다. 먼저 국가수문관측계획 및 국가물정보관리계획, 부처간 관측 표준과 정보인증 과정에 대한 협의, 관련 법령(하천법과 수질관련법)의 개정이 필요하다. 또한 현재 설치되어 있는 수량 수질관측소를 유지하고 신규관측소나 교체해야 할 관측소에 대해서는 통합관측을 수행하며, 자료의 관리 및 유통에 대한 단일 기구를 설립해야 한다. 그리고 관측기준을 명확히 확립해야 하며, 통합관리안을 만족시키기 위해 각 부처별로 산재된 정보를 중앙집중식으로 자료 관리를 수행해야 한다. 마지막으로 각 부처별 자료의 신뢰도 및 자료품질에 대한 검증이 우선적으로 수행되어야 한다. 다양한 이해관계 때문에 단기간 내에 수량과 수질 연계관측에 관한 문제들을 해결한다는 것은 어려운 일이나 본 연구에서 도출된 법, 제도, 기술적 제안사항들은 중, 장기적으로 수량과 수질 관측의 효율적인 연계방안에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to verify influencing factors on service quality provided by care helpers working for the elderly in long term care. Methods: The data were collected using self-reported questionnaire from 221 care helpers working in long-term care facility or home care service center. The data were analyzed using multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 17.0 program. Results: There were significant differences in service quality depending on the health status, intimacy level, pleasure level, job education, and turnover intention. Factors influencing service quality were gender, intimacy level with elderly, type of working place and job satisfaction with $R^2$ value of 17.3%. The most influencing factor was intimacy level (${\beta}$=.249), followed by job satisfaction (${\beta}$=.208), gender (${\beta}$=.170), and type of working place (${\beta}$=.146). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the effort to improve the service quality of care helper should be focused on helping intimacy building between the elderly and the care helper. Also, a more effective way to improve service quality would be intervening for care helpers providing institutional care.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between portfolio quality and financial sustainability of microfinance institutions in Kenya. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The analysis was based on a panel dataset of 30 microfinance institutions for the period of 2010 to 2018. Data was obtained from the Microfinance information exchange (MIX) database, and it was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of STATA. Based on the results of the Hausman test, the study adopted the fixed effect regression model to test the research hypothesis. Results: The study found that portfolio quality had a positive significant effect on financial sustainability of Microfinance institutions in Kenya (β= 0. 211; p-value < 0.05). For the control variables; firm age had a positive effect (β= 0.773; p-value <0.05), while firm size (β= -0. 749; p-value < 0.05) had a negative effect on financial sustainability. Conclusions: The study concluded that portfolio quality has an important influence on the financial sustainability of microfinance institution. The study recommends that managers of microfinance institutions should devise good collection policies to improve portfolio quality while lessening loan default rate. The portfolio quality may improve the overall profitability and enhance investor confidence in their strategic decision-making on refinancing.