• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.531-538
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• 2011

This study considered the whole intake patterns and realities of consumption of instant noodles on sales targeting children and adolescents. Based on a total of 1021 subjects, data from self-administrated questionnaires were collected and analyzed using comparative statistical analysis, including frequency, chi-square, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. Results of the study were as follows. The preference levels for instant noodles by children and adolescents were 5.25, thereby showing a more than moderate preference. Middle school boy students' preference for instant noodles was the highest. The main reason for preferring instant noodles was taste and convenience. The main reason for disliking instant noodles was poor nutrition and likelihood of becoming fat. The intake of instant noodles was the highest between lunch and dinner with a frequency of once to twice per week. Content of soup powder given taking instant noodles was the largest in having putted all. The soup quantity of being left given taking instant noodles was possessed the majority in almost not eating soup. The main reason for not consuming soup was being full or concerns for health. A significant difference was observed in preference level for instant noodles and in intake patterns depending on the respondents' general characteristics. Limitations and future research directions are also discussed.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.159-177
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• 2015

As smart phones become more common nowadays, mobile instant messengers such as kakao talk and line are used as essential communication tools exchanging information between individuals. Also, the mobile instant messengers extend their use to business area beyond communication between individuals. This study is on how factors of mobile instant messenger such as perceived security, perceived privacy, perceived enjoyment and perceived interactivity affect business continual usage intention through perceived usefulness. The proposed model is based on Expectation-Confirmation Theory of Oliver and Technology Acceptance Mode of Bhattacherjee. For an analysis, 159 survey responses were collected from the office workers in Seoul and nearby cities, having experiences of mobile instant messengers. To validate the proposed research model, PLS analysis is performed with the valid 154 questionnaires. The path analysis results are as follows. First, perceived security has a positive effect on expectation-confirmation. Second, perceived enjoyment has a positive effect on perceived usefulness. Third, perceived interactivity has a positive effect on both perceived usefulness and expectation-confirmation. Fourth, perceived usefulness has a positive usefulness on satisfaction and continual usage intention of mobile instant messenger. Last, expectation-confirmation has a positive effect on perceived usefulness, and satisfaction has a positive effect on continual usage intention of mobile instant messenger. Since the mobile instant messenger may bring a pressure of work and a violation of privacy, it is necessary that the company provide a guideline for use of the mobile instant messenger and establish the in-house mobile instant messenger system.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.211-224
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• 2004

Distributing information on the internet is common in our daily life. In the past, e-mail has been the primary choice of exchanging information, but instant messengers are gaining popularity abroad and domestically because of their immediate responses. Instant messaging has become the fastest growing communication technology in recent years. Instant messaging is effectively a chat room for two people. Users that have accounts with the same provider are able to send messages via computer in real time. Instant messaging has exploded into the business world as companies now utilize the technology for everything from interoffice communication to client/customer communication. In this paper, we propose a method of instant messenger system design for effective collaboration of statistical data collection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2010

PC camera-based instant messenger have problems of video image break/delay and noise. The reason is caused by a composed problem that PC Camera is belong to the connected PC and operating in the PC. This research suggests an instant messenger that uses network camera connected to LAN instead of PC camera. Therefore, the instant messenger has a component that the camera is separated from PC. This research designs sequence diagram, video calls flow chart, and graphic user interface of the instant messenger. The instant messenger based on network camera provides high quality video calls service and makes it possible to call from a special remote site with real-time video image.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2004

Instant messaging(IM) service is one of the useful communication means in the Intemet for exchanging simple messages between users. Usually, IM service is coupled with Presence service which provides status information of users. In this case, instant messages are sent and received directly between on-line users. Therefore, messages could not be exchanged when users are in off-line state. In this paper, We have implemented SIP based Instant Messaging System which includes message server that can store and manage instant messages. With this message server, messages could be exchanged legalness of user states. Furthermore, our system includes message waiting indication event package which provides useful informations about messages in the message server. And this system also includes the Caller Preference capabilities.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.7-13
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• 2012

The mobile instant messengers could change the lives of average citizens as much as did the telephone in the early part of the 20th century and television in the 1950s and 1960s. Researchers are debating whether the mobile instant messengers are improving or harming participation in community life and social relationships. For this study, 155 participants in two universities completed questionnaires pertaining to their own mobile instant messengers use and feelings of loneliness. We used survey data to examine the effects of the mobile instant messengers on social involvement and psychological well-being. In this sample, the mobile instant messengers were used extensively for communication. Results suggest that greater use of the mobile instant messengers were associated with declines in participants' communication with the people around which in turn increases their loneliness. These findings have implications for research and for the design of technology.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.42 no.8
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• pp.723-731
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• 2009

Instant noodle is one of the most popular foods in Korea. The objective of this study was to examine the association of instant noodle consumption and food and nutrient intake among children and teenagers in Korea. We used dietary data from 24-h recall of 1,748 subjects aged 7-19 years who participated in the 2005 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Those who consumed instant noodle once or more during the survey period were categorized as "instant noodle consumer (INC)" and were compared for food and nutrient intakes with the others (non-INC). The average age of the INC was 13.4 and that of the non-INC was 12.4; girls consumed more instant noodles than boys (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in BMI between the two groups. With the exception of grains, as compared to the non-INC, the INC consumed significantly less amounts of potatoes, vegetables, mush-rooms, fruits, spices, seafood, and milk and dairy products. With respect to nutrient intakes, the INC-group showed significantly higher nutrient intakes of energy, fat, carbohydrate, sodium, thiamine, and riboflavin; however, as compared to the non-INC-group, the INC-group showed significantly less intakes of calcium, niacin, and vitamin C. The overall result suggests that consuming instant noodles may lead to excessive intake of fat and sodium, but it may cause an increased intake of thiamine and riboflavin. Therefore, nutrition education that helps children and teenagers choose a balanced meal while consuming instant noodle should be carried out. In addition, manufactures of instant noodles should consider nutritional aspects in product development processes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.632-638
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• 1997

To develop the Instant Nuroong-gi in a short reconstitution time, we made puffed Instant Nuroong-gi samples and investigated their physicochemical characteristics. The Nuroong-gi was prepared using a Japonica variety with three different cooking conditions: steam cooker(process A), pressure cooker (process B) and cabinet cooker(process C). The Instant Nuroong-gi is produced by adding water to the Nuroong-gi which is broken into the size of 0.5~1.0cm. The amount of the added water is 40% of the weight of the broken Nuroong-gi. And it was puffed at 160~17$0^{\circ}C$ for 30 secands. The water binding capacity of Instant Nuroong-gi samples was 7.2 at process A, 6.5 at process B and 6.6 at process C. The total sugar content of Instant Nuroong-gi samples in hot water reached at the highest level at 3-minute cooking time. Through the sensory evaluation by a panelists, we discovered that Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a steam cooker showed the highest roasted nutty taste, hardness, stickiness and overall acceptability. And Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a pressure cooker showed the highest color, clearness, and roasted nutty flavor. Correlation coefficients between overall acceptability and other sensory attributes of Instant Nuroong-gi indicated that hardness had the most significant correlation to sensory evaluations. When we compared the results of color test with those of sensory evaluation of Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by three different cookers, we discovered that panelists preferred yellow Instant Nuroong-gi prepared by a pressure cooker. We found some morphological properties of Instant Nuroong-gi as a result of the comparison of the crystalization by a X-ray diffraction analysis and the observation of the shapes by a the scanning electron micrographs.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.391-399
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• 2010

This study was conducted to improve the antioxidative activity of instant noodles containing enzymatic extracts from Ecklonia cava (EEC). EEC has relatively better antioxidative activity than extracts from other indigenous plants in Jeju Island. The EEC (2.5 mg/mL) had 82.5% for the hydroxy radical, 78.4% for the DPPH radical, and 64.9% for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities, and 65.2% for the cell viability (100 ${\mu}g/mL$). According to the texture of the dough, the DPPH free radical scavenging of uncooked instant noodles, sensory evaluation of cooked instant noodles, and turbidity of the cooking drip, the optimal EEC concentration was 1.8% for the instant noodles. The major amino acids in the instant noodles with EEC were glutamic acid (24.2%), proline (10.2%), valine (10.0%), and isoleucine (12.3%). The zinc and iron in the instant noodles were enhanced by adding 1.5-1.8% EEC. The antioxidant activity of instant noodles with EEC was 75.4% for the hydroxy radical, 74.1% for the DPPH radical, and 51.2 % for the superoxide anion radical scavenging activities.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-88
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• 2014

The mobile instant messengers could change the lives of average citizens as much as did the telephone in the early part of the 20th century and television in the 1950s and 1960s. Researchers are debating whether the mobile instant messengers are improving or harming participation in community life and social relationships. For this study, 155 participants in two universities completed questionnaires pertaining to their own mobile instant messengers use and feelings of loneliness. We used survey data to examine the effects of the mobile instant messengers on social involvement and psychological well-being. In this sample, the mobile instant messengers were used extensively for communication. Results suggest that greater use of the mobile instant messengers were associated with declines in participants' communication with the people around which in turn creases their loneliness. These findings have implications for research and for the design of technology.