• 농약과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2001

곤충의 난황형성에는 각종호르몬들이 먹이 등과 함께 매우 중요하게 작용하고 있으며, 이러한 호르몬들 중에서는 신경분비호르몬, 유약호르몬 및 엑디스테로이드 등이 주작용을 한다. 본 총설에서는 곤충호르몬을 포함한 곤충성장조절제가 곤충의 난황형성에 작용하여 어떤 영향을 주는지에 대하여 살펴보고 종합적 해충관리 인자로서 이용 가능성을 조사하였다. 곤충의 난황형성은 일반적으로 뇌에서 분비하는 신경분비호르몬의 작용과 난소에서 분비되는 엑디스테로이드 및 알라타체에서 분비되는 유약호르몬이 지방체를 자극하여 난황소전구물질을 합성하게 하며, 혈림프로 분비된 난황소 전구물질은 난모세포로 흡수되어 난발육이 이루어진다. 곤충호르몬을 포함한 곤충성장조절제는 이러한 난황형성과정 중에 각종 호르몬분비 기관(알라타체와 난소 등) 및 여러 가지 생리기관(지방체, 중장상피 그리고 침샘 등)에 작용하여 용해, 파괴 및 세포독성을 나타내 정상적인 생식작용을 하지 못하도록 한다. 따라서 곤충의 종류에 따라서는 포유동물에 독성이 낮은 곤충호르몬을 포함한 곤충성장조절제를 종합적 해충관리의 일환으로 사용함으로서 효과적인 해충방제가 가능할 것으로 보인다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.480-484
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• 2010

The Bombyx mori Microarray Database (BmMDB; http://silkworm.swu.edu.cn/microarray) provides information for tissue-specific gene expression by using the whole-genome oligonucleotide microarray in the silkworm. We analyzed the tissue-specific expression patterns in the silk gland, fat body, and midgut five days of fifth instar larvae during the development of B. mori. To verify the tissue-specific expression, analysis was conducted using quantitative Real-time RT-PCR and the highly expressed endogenous Actin RNA as an intrinsic reference. Finally, we confirmed five genes, (sw15872, sw00692, sw20990, sw05300,and sw2250), out of 18 candidates expressed in two different tissues, which was consistent with the data published by Dr. Xiang's group, thereby supporting the BmMDB. Further studies for promoter regions of candidate genes can be applied in creating transgenic silkworms as biomedical insects for use in producing biomaterials, and to serve as well-characterized models for understanding the mechanism for the genetic regulation of tissue-specific development.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.45-50
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• 1998

꽃양배추의 하배축 조직을 proteinase inhibitor II 유전자가 도입된 Agrobacterium tumefaciens LBA 4404와 2일간 pH 5.5로 조절된 MS 액체배지에서 공동배양후 carbenicillin 500mg/L kanamycin 20mg/L와 BA 1mg/L가 함유된 MS 재분화배지에 옮겼다. 이들 조직을 매 2주마다 계대배양하였으며 약 4주후에 kanamycin 저항성 개체를 얻었다. 형질전환된 것으로 추정되는 식물체는 kanamycin 30mg/L가 함유된 선발배지에서 생존하였다. PCR 분석결과, PI-II 유전자가 형질전환체의 게놈상에 삽입되어 있음을 확인하였다. 형질전환체의 Southern blot 분석을 통하여 ECL-labelling된 PI-II 유전자와 동일한 것으로 판단되는 약 500bp 위치에서 밴드를 확인할 수 있었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2002

173종 국내산 식물체의 메탄올 추출물을 대상으로 5 종의 주요 농업해충에 대해 살충 및 살비 효과를 조사한 결과 식물의 종류 및 채집부위에 따라 커다란 차이를 보였다. 173종 420 샘플을 5,000ppm 농도로 처리하였을 때 벼멸구에 강한 살충 효과를 나타낸 식물체는 초피나무 수피, 편백나무 잎과 참가시나무 잎이었다. 배추좀나방 유충에 대해서는 굴피나무 목부, 나도밤나무 수피, 회화나무 잎, 초피나무 수피, 그리고 해송 목부 추출물이 강한 살충활성을 나타내었고 회화나무 잎 및 초피 수피 추출물은 담배거세미나방유충에 강한 살충활성을 나타내었다. 점박이응애에 대해 강한 살충활성을 나타낸 식물체는 소사나무 잎, 벽오동 수피, 보리밥나무 잎, 두릅나무 잎, 층층나무 수피, 그리고 편백 잎이었다. 특히 초피나무 수피 추출물은 여러 해충에 대하여 강한 살충효과를 나타내어 해충 방제에 크게 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

Forestry sector has witnessed some unprecedented events in the recent past both in terms of galloping biotechnological developments and heated environmental debates over risks associated with release of transgenic trees. Improvements in the in vitro propagation techniques has made it possible to develop tissue culture based plant regeneration protocols just for about any tree species. And with the inclusion of every new species within the realms of tissue culture technology, it becomes a candidate for genetic improvement through recombinant DNA technology, the so called genetic engineering. Poplars and their hybrids serve as the model tree species on which most of the genetic transformation work as been carried out. A lot of work has also gone in genetic transformation of fruit trees and trees of horticultural interests. Trees have been successfully transformed for traits ranging from reduction of length of juvenile phase to alteration of tree architecture to altering wood quality by lignin and cellulose modification. More-over trees have been genetically engineered successfully to combat various types of insect pests and pathogens causing diseases. But all these developments have ignited controversies over the possible benefits and risks associated with transgenic plantations by various environmental agencies and activists. Solutions to most of these concerns can be found out with more intensive prioritized research.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.111-114
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• 2012

In previous studies we have shown that a sw17255 gene was expressed in hemocyte-specific tissues of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). It was verified that the sw17255 core promoter region contains elements that regulate the expression of this gene in hemocyte tissue; the selected promoter region spans nucleotides -1 to -2,112 upstream of the start codon. Each of the luciferase reporter gene expression vectors under the control of 4 different kinds of promoter candidates, (-2,112/-1), (-1,640/-1), (-1,169/-1) and (-579/-1), and the control reporter plasmid DNA, were introduced into B. mori larval coelom by direct injection using a syringe. The promoter candidate [E] (-579/-1) showed more than 1.67 fold transcriptional activity compared to control promoter activity. Higher productivity of an expressed gene in the transgenic silkworm by this promoter combination could be achieved in the near future. The foreign recombinant protein could be easily harvested from the blood of the transgenic silkworm.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2001

17과일의 43가지 부위의 메탄을 추출물을 대상으로 5종의 주요 농업해충 및 4종의 저장물 해충에 대한 살충효과를 조사한 효과는 과일류의 종류 및 해충의 종류에 따라 커다란 차이를 보였다. 5,000 ppm 농도에서 80% 이상의 살충효과를 나타내는 10종의 시료를 2,500 ppm에서 살충효과를 검정하였다. 모과와 석류씨가 벼멸구, 포도씨가 복숭아혹진딧물, 유자, 자몽, 메론, 감, 사과, 복숭아, 포도씨가 배추좀나방, 모과씨가 담배거세미나방, 모과와 포도 추출물이 점박이응애에 대하여 80% 이상의 살충효과를 나타냈다. 4종의 저장물해충에 대한 살충효과는 50 ppm의 농도로 처리할 때 모과 및 포도 추출물이 쌀바구미, 모과, 유자, 감 및 포도 추출물이 팥바구미에 대하여 80% 이상의 살충효과를 나타냈다. 그러나 화랑곡나방와 궐련벌레에 대하여는 사용된 과일류의 추출물이 활성을 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 결과로부터 복숭아혹진딧물, 벼멸구, 배추좀나방 담배거세미나방 및 점박이응애에 높은 방제효과를 보인 상기과일류 추출물들은 농업해충 방제제로서 사용 가능성이 예상되었으며, 또한 쌀바구미와 팥바구미에 강한 살충효과를 보인 추출물은 저장물해충방제에 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• BMB Reports
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 1999

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2; 72-kDa gelatinase; 72-kDa type IV collagenase; gelatinase A) plays an important role in normal physiological processes and in many pathologic processes such as arthritis and metastasis of cancer. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) binds to proMMP-2 or mature MMP-2 at a 1:1 ratio and inhibits the catalytic activity of MMP-2. We demonstrated that the baculovirus/insect cell system does not have TIMP-2 activity. The human proMMP-2 free of TIMP-2 was expressed in the expression system and purified by one-step affinity chromatography using gelatin-Sepharose. The free proMMP-2 was autoactivated to the mature MMP-2 and autodegraded into smaller molecular weight forms in the absence of external activator. The activation and autodegradation of the proMMP-2 was much more rapid in the presence of 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate (APMA). Addition of TIMP-2 inhibits both APMA-induced activation and autodegradation of the free proMMP-2. However, an increasing concentration of TIMP-2 more readily inhibited activation of the free proMMP-2 than autodegradation. These results demonstrate that TIMP-2 plays roles in inhibition of both activation and autodegradation of the free proMMP-2 in addition to inhibition of the catalytic activity of MMP-2.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.507-513
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• 1997

Sequential observations of binding patterns and structural effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki were made on fat body tissue of the fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea Drury. Fat body was cultured in vitro in the presence of purified 62 kDa endotoxin and then examined for protein synthesis and the localization of membrane-bound toxin detected by an antibody against the 62 kDa endotoxin. Protein synthesis was mostly inhibited at concentrations of 15 ${\mu}$g/ml and higher. Immunocytochemical observations suggest that the toxin binds to all exposed basal lamina surrounding the fat body without apparent specificity. The cytopathic effect delectable by scanning electron microscope is disintegration rather than cell swelling. The basal lamina bound toxin was eventually detached from the fat body and followed by an extrusion of cell contents like lipid granules.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.203-212
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• 1997

The impact of plant genetic engineering, a technology born in the early 1980's, is beginning to be felt across the world in the 1990's. The first wave of engineered plant produce are reaching consumers in the supermarket and many more are destined to follow Transformation technology now exists for most plant, including the four staple crops-maize, wheat, rice, and soybean. Early targets of genetic engineering include plane possessing insect resistance and herbicide tolerance, with future goals set on increasing harvestable yield, improving nutritional quality, and making specialty products. This review describes some of the milestones in plant biotechnology, the U.S. regulatory agencies, field trial numbers and deregulated plants, commercialization criteria, examples of commercialized plants, and future prospects of plant biotechnology.