• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.537-565
• /
• 2016

Australian railway networks possess a large amount of aging timber components and need to replace them in excess of 280 thousands $m^3$ per year. The relatively high turnover of timber sleepers (crossties in a plain track), bearers (skeleton ties in a turnout), and transoms (bridge cross beams) is responsible for producing greenhouse gas emissions 6 times greater than an equivalent reinforced concrete counterparts. This paper presents an innovative solution for the replacement of aging timber transoms installed on existing railway bridges along with the incorporation of a continuous walkway platform, which is proven to provide environmental, safety and financial benefits. Recent developments for alternative composite materials to replace timber components in railway infrastructure construction and maintenance demonstrate some compatibility issues with track stiffness as well as structural and geometrical track systems. Structural concrete are generally used for new railway bridges where the comparatively thicker and heavier fixed slab track systems can be accommodated. This study firstly demonstrates a novel and resilient alterative by incorporating steel-concrete composite slab theory and combines the capabilities of being precast and modulated, in order to reduce the depth, weight and required installation time relative to conventional concrete direct-fixation track slab systems. Clear benefits of the new steel-concrete composites are the maintainability and constructability, especially for existing railway bridges (or brown fields). Critical considerations in the design and finite element modelling for performance benchmarking of composite structures and their failure modes are highlighted in this paper, altogether with risks, compatibilities and compliances.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1457-1462
• /
• 2020

There are dozens of applications on the smartphone. The service application that manages the loading, deletion, and deployment of these applications is called a smartphone launcher, and various launchers are used. Some of the existing launchers provide a function to automatically place icons by analyzing user application usage patterns. In this paper, we present a method of automatically arranging icons so that the icons are balanced on the smartphone screen. The usefulness of our method is illustrated by some exaples. In this case, it is proved that in an m × n screen layout with a height of m and a width of n, if n is an odd number, the entire screen can always be arranged in a balanced manner regardless of the n value by mathematical induction method.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.24 no.11
• /
• pp.1463-1469
• /
• 2020

Multimedia information, including video and voice, is highly utilized in that it is easily understood by people. For this reason, applications have been studied which store multimedia information in IoT devices and transmit information in conjunction with smartphones. The problem is that the size of information can be larger than the capacity of IoT devices due to video and image. In this paper, the multimedia content design technique, which takes into account the limitations of storage capacity, was studied when there is a limit of storage capacity. Considering that the video has a higher understanding of information than text, while the capacity is larger, the solution between information comprehension and capacity is sought. The size of static and dynamic media is a variable and the harm is solved in accordance with the linear planning method. Case studies have shown that the design techniques of this paper are useful.

• The Southeast Asian review
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.135-179
• /
• 2013

This study explores the study experiences of Southeast Asian students at a reputable Korean private university in Seoul. In particular, this study focuses on difficulties and coping strategies of both non-native speaker of English and native-speakers of English who are working for their undergraduate or postgraduate degrees. Interviews of fourteen students from five Southeast Asian countries were collected and analyzed by NVivo 9. Thematic analysis result shows that many students, particularly non-native speakers of English, had much more difficulties than their counterparts, in contemporary Korean university context, where internationalization indices-driven strategies including expanding courses conducted in English language. Also, this study observes and documents contrasting patterns of different degree of difficulties experienced by students, depending on their degree levels and majors. Undergraduate students in science and engineering majors had the greatest degree of difficulties among all. In contrast, their graduate counterparts seem to have less difficulties. This might be related to the fact that graduate students in science and engineering majors are mostly working with their peers in their own labs, which provides institutional support. Coping strategies of students show that international students, facing unfavorable or unfriendly treatments by their Korean peers, developed innovative strategies, including using the internet technology to catch up with the classes that they could not fully understand. As a whole, adaptation process of international students do not seem to be passive or one-way. This study also provides policy implications for international students, particularly, who can be categorized as linguistic and ethnic minorities.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.1399-1404
• /
• 2022

The transition to the untact era caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has greatly shrunk Korea's continuously growing tourism industry. In this paper, the size, gender ratio, and gender ratio of foreign tourists before and after the outbreak of Corona, gender ratio, It was noted that there was a very large change in the purpose of the visit. Considering the end of the mandatory outdoor mask, the lifting of the mandatory quarantine for all overseas arrivals regardless of vaccination, and the number of outbound tourists who started to recover rapidly from the first half of 2022, this thesis examines how the interest in Korean tourism in the post-corona era is I wanted to see if it had changed. To this end, we analyzed how major tourism-related search keywords changed before and after COVID-19, and suggested changes necessary for the development of the Korean tourism industry.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.85-96
• /
• 2013

Entrepreneurship courses and programs in Korean universities tend to increase steadily but seem to have some limitations. They are usually recognized as another domain of Business Administration. Entrepreneurship program is practical like Business Administration but should be much more interdisciplinary than that. Because Korean Entrepreneurship programs are in the early stage, they must be reinforced with factors such as education culture, faculties, curriculum and relationships with communities. This study aims to get some implications from Entrepreneurship programs have been run by universities in America in order to facilitate Entrepreneurship program in Korean universities. Based on 11 success factors found by our case universities' Entrepreneurship programs and Kauffman Campus, this study has drawn implications of critical success factors of Entrepreneurship programs as follow. First of all, because Entrepreneurship programs should focus on Entrepreneurship mind sets such as innovative idea generation and courage to overcome risk, it is more desirable that Entrepreneurship programs are introduced in all departments of universities such as Arts, Science and Engineering. These programs also need to take interdisciplinary approach and required to be opened from liberal arts course. In order to be sustained during all their academic careers, vision, mission and strategy for Entrepreneurship programs should be based on strong leadership and support of top leaders. Entrepreneurship culture of each university is also one of the most important success factors. Entrepreneurship programs not only as major programs but also as specific Entrepreneurship minors designed for departments such as Arts, Science and Engineering could be considered according to each university's situation. This study also suggest to make a motivation system for Entrepreneurship faculties, Ph d. programs for Entrepreneurship, communication network for Entrepreneurship programs and mentor system in community. To begin Entrepreneurship programs, it also needs to develop good education contents as many as possible. When it concerned with teaching method, project based 4 year program can be suggested to be effective and efficient. To introduce project based program that should be consistent till participants' graduation, university must prepare regulations to support team teaching, mentor and interdisciplinary cooperation. To dissipate the concept that Entrepreneurship is another version of management, this study support the idea that Entrepreneurship programs should be designed and run by independent and central-focused governance system, Entrepreneurship education center.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.209-221
• /
• 2023

In the external inspection and packaging stages of products used in the semiconductor manufacturing process, there is a problem in which particles are adsorbed to the product itself or a carrying tool due to electrostatic discharge. This study presents a methodology that can improve the problem of adsorption of particles to a product by using a practical TRIZ technique. By applying the proposed practical TRIZ-based methodology, the problem was defined, and contradictions caused by product waiting time were derived. Among the derived contradictions, physical contradictions were set and the concept of 'space separation' was applied to derive solutions such as 'installation of Ionizer' and 'improvement of the layout of the workroom'. As a result of the experiment by applying 'Ionizer Installation' and 'Workroom Layout Improvement' derived through the application of practical TRIZ, it was confirmed that the particle adsorption problem that occurs during the waiting time of the product can be solved.Through this study, it is expected that workers, facility engineers, and technical engineers working at manufacturing processes will be able to effectively solve the problems they face through creative thinking and change of ideas by using practical TRIZ techniques, and contribute to innovative technology development and productivity improvement.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2012

The main and side reactions of the three selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reactions with ammonia over a vanadium-based catalyst have been investigated using synthetic gas mixtures in the temperature range of $170{\sim}590^{\circ}C$. The three SCR reactions are standard SCR with pure NO, fast SCR with an equimolar mixture of NO and $NO_2$, and $NO_2$ SCR with pure $NO_2$. Vanadium based catalyst has no significant activity in NO oxidation to $NO_2$, while it has high activity for $NO_2$ decomposition at high temperatures. The selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia and the formation of nitrous oxide compete with the SCR reactions at the high temperatures. Water strongly inhibits the selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia and the formation of nitrous oxide, thus increasing the selectivity of the SCR reactions. However, the presence of water inhibits the SCR activity, most pronounced at low temperatures. In this study, the experimental results are analyzed by means of a dynamic one-dimensional isothermal heterogeneous plug-flow reactor (PFR) model according to the Eley-Rideal mechanism.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.12
• /
• pp.7-15
• /
• 2019

With the increase of employment pressure in China and the need of economic transformation, chinese government started to encourage college students to innovate and start their businesses to relieve the employment pressure. Due to the lack of entrepreneurship ability, the success rate of college students' entrepreneurship is not high. Therefore, based on the grounded theory and qualitative research methods, this paper focuses on the entrepreneurial ability of college students, selects college students who have started their own businesses in jilin university of China as interview objects, and summarizes the original data obtained in the in-depth interview for analyzing the connotation of college students' entrepreneurial ability, and puts forward the concept model of Chinese college students' entrepreneurial ability. The results show that the entrepreneurial ability of college students consists of driving force, management ability, entrepreneurial endowment, and potential ability. This study has certain guiding significance for universities to carry out entrepreneurship education.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.71-80
• /
• 2012

To improve the $NO_X$ conversion over a SCR (selective catalytic reduction) catalyst, the DOC (diesel oxidation catalyst) is usually placed upstream of the SCR catalyst to enhance the fast SCR reaction ($4NH_3+2NO+2NO_2{\rightarrow}4N_2+6H_2O$) using equimolar amounts of NO and $NO_2$. Here, a ratio of $NO_2/NO_X$ above 50% should be avoided, because the reaction with $NO_2$ only ($4NH_3+4NO+O_2{\rightarrow}4N_2+6H_2O$) is slower than the standard SCR reaction ($4NH_3+4NO+O_2{\rightarrow}4N_2+6H_2O$). In order to accurately predict the performance characteristics of SCR catalysts, it is therefore desired to develop a more simple and reliable mathematical and kinetic models on the oxidation kinetics of nitric oxide over a DOC. In the present work, the prediction accuracy and limit of three different chemical reaction kinetics models are presented to describe the chemicophysical characteristics and conversion performance of DOCs. Steady-state experiments with DOCs mounted on a light-duty four-cylinder 2.0-L turbocharged diesel engine then are performed, using an engine-dynamometer system to calibrate the kinetic parameters such as activation energies and preexponential factors of heterogeneous reactions. The reaction kinetics for NO oxidation over Pt-based catalysts is determined in conjunction with a transient one-dimensional (1D) heterogeneous plug flow reactor (PFR) model with diesel exhaust gas temperatures in the range of 115~$525^{\circ}C$ and space velocities in the range of $(0.4{\sim}6.5){\times}10^5\;h^{-1}$.