• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.23-31
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• 2023

Research and interest in sustainable printing are increasing in the packaging printing industry. Currently, predicting the amount of ink required for each work is based on the experience and intuition of field workers. Suppose the amount of ink produced is more than necessary. In this case, the rest of the ink cannot be reused and is discarded, adversely affecting the company's productivity and environment. Nowadays, machine learning models can be used to figure out this problem. This study compares the ink usage prediction machine learning models. A simple linear regression model, Multiple Regression Analysis, cannot reflect the nonlinear relationship between the variables required for packaging printing, so there is a limit to accurately predicting the amount of ink needed. This study has established various prediction models which are based on CART (Classification and Regression Tree), such as Decision Tree, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting Machine, and XGBoost. The accuracy of the models is determined by the K-fold cross-validation. Error metrics such as root mean squared error, mean absolute error, and R-squared are employed to evaluate estimation models' correctness. Among these models, XGBoost model has the highest prediction accuracy and can reduce 2134 (g) of wasted ink for each work. Thus, this study motivates machine learning's potential to help advance productivity and protect the environment.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.154-162
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• 2015

We have performed accelerated photo-degradation test using a 10-Sun level high irradiance $Weather-Ometer^{(R)}$ (10-Sun Ci5000) in an attempt to study acceleration and correlation between accelerated and service conditions for ink-jet ink. The accelerated test was used to predict lifetimes of ink-jet ink through the calculation of scaling factor for intensity of irradiance and duration of usage combined with estimation of lifetime distribution and inverse power model as a life-stress model. The lifetimes and acceleration factors for foreign and domestic inks were compared with each other. The results showed that the failure mechanisms and life-stress models for ink-jet ink were different among the color of ink which means that we might be in need of further study by color of inks.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 1999

전자현금은 기본적으로 은행의 서명문이다. 전자 현금 시스템에 분배 개념을 추가함으로써 전자현금의 안정성을 증가시킬 수 있고, 익명으로 발행된 전자 현금을 추적 할 수 있다. 매직 잉크 방식은 사용자에 익명으로 서명문을 발급할 수 있고 추후에 사용자가 불법적으로 전자 현금을 사용하는 경우 이를 추적 할 수 있는 서명 기법이다. 그러나 매직 잉크 서명 기법에도 믿음을 집중하는 문제가 제기되며, 이 경우 분배된 매직 잉크 서명기법(Distributed Mageic Ink Signature Scheme)이 사용되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 분배 개념을 적용한 DSS 매직 잉크 서명을 기술하고, 분배 개념을 적용한 KCDSA 매직 잉크 서명을 제안하고, DSS방식과 KCDSA 매직 잉크 서명 방식의 계산량을 서로 비교 분석하였다. Electronic cash is a digital signature issued by bank. If the concept of the distributed secret sharing and magic ink signature is introduced in the existing electronic cash system we can increase the security level and the availability of electronic cash system and trace the electronic cash itself and the owner of electronic cash which was issued anonymously to a user in case of illegal usage of electronic cash by users. If the trust is concentrated on one bank system. the problem of misuse of bank can be occurred. To solve this problem, the distributed secrete sharing scheme need to be introduced in electronic cash system. In this paper We propose a DSS(Digital Signature Standard) distributed magic ink signature scheme and a KCDSA(Korea Certificate-based Digital Signature Algorithm) distributed magic ink signature scheme using a verifiable secret sharing method. and we compare two methods with respect to the required computation amount for the generation of magic-ink signature.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.59.2-59.2
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• 2011

We have demonstrated ink-jet printed indium tin oxide (ITO) and indium tin zinc oxide (IZTO) electrodes for cost-efficient organic solar cells (OSCs). By ink-jetting of crystalline ITO nano-particles and performing a rapid thermal anneal at $450^{\circ}C$, we were able to obtain directly patterned-ITO electrodes with an average transmittance of 84.14% and a sheet resistance of 202.7 Ohm/square without using a conventional photolithography process. The OSCs fabricated on the directly patterned ITO electrodes by ink-jet printing showed an open circuit voltage of 0.57 V, short circuit current of 8.47 mA/cm2, fill factor of 44%, and power conversion efficiency of 2.13%. This indicates that the ITO directly-patterned by ink-jet printing is a viable alternative to sputter-grown ITO electrodes for cost-efficient printing of OSCs due to the absence of a photolithography process for patterning and more efficient ITO material usage.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2001

The main objective of this study was to investigate effects of pigment mixed with different ratio on the double coated paper. Mineral pigments such as clay and ground calcium carbonate(GCC) as well as hollow sphere plastic pigment were used to evaluate the physical, optical properties and printabilities of double coated paper. The physical properties such as gloss and smoothness, and the printability(ink gloss) of double coated paper were measured to evaluate the effects of the bottom layer on improving the properties of top layer. The data indicated that the usage of hollow sphere plastic pigment for the bottom layer coating improved the surface properties of double coated paper, and that ink gloss was significantly influenced by the structure of bottom layer even when hollow sphere plastic pigment was used for the bottom layer coating.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.134-141
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• 2016

Dampening in printing is not only used with plain water but also used with various substances like dampening additive, in order to improve the wetting property by lowering the surface tension and to control material for modifing the ink transfer characteristic with proper emulsification. We have studied the printing quality according to these, looking into interrelationship among the dampening solution's pH, electrical conductivity and IPA content, prescribing the proper usage and minimum usage of fountain solution and dampening additive. In this study, it shows good result when mixing at the 7 wt% dampening with additive solution, which is result from the color density of printed sheets in accordance with the change of dampening solution condition. And the printed density value calculated 1 hour after printing, it shows relatively safe value at the etch liquid 4 wt% and IPA addition 2 wt%. The dry down at this test showed similar results regardless of various dampening conditions on coated paper, but in case of uncoated paper, the dry down showed a quite gap of different due to the fast penetration to the paper.

• 복식
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.159-170
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• 2001

The culture and society environment plays major role in the development of Fashion and now in the 21st century, interest in Fashion is getting increased along with the rapid progress of advanced media development and information surge. Now it s the time to extend visual efficiency not only transmitting fashion image but also develop a creative product that satisfy the demander s needs. Currently it is very hard to express our subjective Korean "nationalism" in the Fashion since the various expression skill using western fashion illustration are dominant in our society. I have classified two components, fashion illustration and Korean painting in the theoretical circumstance. In fashion illustration circumstance, I examined the concept, usage, expression skill and history referring to historical documents. In Korean painting section, I considered coloring portrait concept, pattern, history, concept, and feature of the four gentlemanly plants. including the basic material of Korean-paper, Writing- Brush, Ink-Stone, Traditional-ink and also the history of itself. I have designed 8 products applying the concept of plum blossoms, orchids, chrysanthemums and bamboos that represent the most important part of the four gentlemanly plants, and also the expression skill of Korean coloring portrait.rait.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2011

스마트폰과 태블릿 PC 같은 모바일 기기의 보급과 콘텐츠 사용 증가로 모바일 환경에서의 컴퓨터 그래픽스 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나 아직까지 수묵화 및 담채 렌더링 기법과 같은 비실사적 기법을 모바일 기기 상에서 효과적으로 구현하기 위한 연구는 부족한 편이다. 모바일 기기는 데스크 탑 환경에 비해 하드웨어적 한계를 가지고 있기 때문에 비실사적 렌더링 기법이 적용된 콘텐츠를 렌더링 하기 위해서는 단말기의 제약성을 고려한 특화된 렌더링 파이프 라인이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 비실사적 기법중에서도 수묵화 기법과 담채화 기법을 모바일 환경에서 구현하기 위한 3차원 그래픽스 렌더링 파이프라인과 쉐이딩 파일 전처리 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법을 이용하면 비사실적 렌더링이 적용된 다양한 3D 모바일 콘텐츠를 생성할 수 있고 사용자는 모바일 디스플레이 환경에서 실시간으로 수묵 담채 렌더링 된 콘텐츠를 볼 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.1533-1536
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• 2006

A novel single cell gap transflective liquid crystal display was developed. By using the ink jet printing technology, we fabricated a transflective liquid crystal display with the hybrid alignment in the reflective region and the homogeneous alignment in the transmission region. Compared with the traditional technologies, our technology provided the advantages of easy process, high yield, fast throughput, and less material usage. We also applied this technology to the 2.4 inch prototype. This panel could be implemented in the handheld product applications.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2007년도 7th International Meeting on Information Display 제7권1호
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• pp.380-383
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• 2007

In this research, we present color filter which is patterned by screen printing method. Analysis of screen printing process, screen printing system, experiment for uniform printing in large area, characteristics of screen printed CF are investigated .In spite of limitation of precision, screen printed color filter is very cost- effective in respect of manufacturing facility and ink usage.