• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.161-168
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship with the Y-Balance Test, which evaluates dynamic balance ability according to the ankle joint dorsiflexion range of motion in a non-weight bearing posture. This study involved 27 male soccer players who regularly participate in the K3 League with more than 10 years of soccer experience. The Pearson Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to verify the relationship between ankle joint dorsiflexion and dynamic balance ability. The results of this study showed significant differences in PLRD (P<.05) and CS (P<.01) in the HADR group. A significant correlation between ankle joint dorsi-flexion range of motion and severity was found only in PMRD, PLRD, and CS. Therefore, a decrease in ankle joint dorsi-flexion is associated with a decrease in balance ability. In order to prevent injuries in soccer players, it is believed that regular evaluation of ankle joint range of motion as well as training to improve knee and hip joint strength and proprioception are necessary.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.352-361
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• 1990

The reducing effect of wind injury was investigated using several wind-break nets in Youngdeok province where cold-wind damage is often occurred during rice growing season. The white-head damage of rice have been often occurred by typhoon during the period between August 15 to September 10 in the cold wind area of the eastern coastal during the last 11 years (1979-1989). This may suggest that the critical period for heading will be by August 15 in the regions. High evaporation coefficient, more than 250 due to typhoon passage over the regions resulted high injury of white head. Generally, the wind injury have been caused by warm and dry westerlies through Fohn apperance in Taebaeg mountains and by cool-humid wind which blows from coast to inland. The frequency of occurrence of the two types of typhoons were 25, 20%, respectively during rice cultivation. The instalation of wind-break net significantly reduced the wind blowing speed, depending on the net mesher with the higher effect in dence net. The distances between the net and cropping area also affect the wind speed: 23% reduction at 1m distance. 34% at 10m and 28% at 20m, respectively. The reducing effect was also observed even at 10 times height of the wind-break net. The instalation of wind-break net gave several effects on climate factor, showing that temperature increased by 0.8$^{\circ}C$(maximum), 0.7$^{\circ}C$(minimum), 0.6$^{\circ}C$(average) : water temperatures increased by 0.5$^{\circ}C$(maximum), 0.6$^{\circ}C$(minimum), 0.5$^{\circ}C$(average) : soil temperature increased 0.4$^{\circ}C$. The earlier heading and increasing growth rate, use of light, culm length, panicle number per hill, spikelet number per panicle, fertility and 1,000 grain weight were observed in the fields with the wind-break nets resulting in 10-15% increase in rice yield using 0.5${\times}$0.5cm nets. The increasing seedlings per hill gave higher grain yield by 13% in the cold wind damage regions of eastern coastals. and the wind-break was more significant in the field without the wind-break net. Wind injury of rice plant in the cold wind regions of eastern coastals in korea could be reduced by selection of tolerant varieties to wind injury, adjustment of transplanting time, and establishment of wind-break nets.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.585-601
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• 1993

Data on 63 patients who had had motorcycle accidents and who were admitted to four general hospitals in the Chung Chung Nam Do area from July / 1993 to August 1993 were analyzed. The tool used for this study was a structured questionnaire which consisted of ten items on self- esteem, 18 items on health locus of control and 37 items profiling health prometion lifestyle. Injury severity scores were calculated bated based on data from the patients’ medical records. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS, yielding descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation. The findings of this study are as follows. 1) Of the 63 injured motorcyclists, 35(55.6%) were helmeted and 28(44.4%) were nonhelmeted, and the nonhelmeted motorcyclists were predominantly young and male. The demographic variables for the helmeted and nonhelmeted groups were heterogeneous for age and occupation. 2) The results of the comparison between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in the injury severity score(t=-4.70, p=0.000). The helmeted group had lower scores on injury severity score (9.00±3.93) than the nonhelmeted group(14.32土5.05). More than 60% of the nonhelmeted motorcyclists had brain injuries compared to only a third of the helmeted cyclists. 3) There .was a statistically significant difference between the two groups on self esteem(t=4.5, 000). The helmeted group had a higher mean score (31.27±2.72) than the nonhelmeted group(27.46±3.80). 4) The means for Internal health locus of control (IHLC), Powerful others health locus of control (PHLC), and Chance health locus of control (CHLC) in the two groups were similar to instrument norms reported in other literature. The mean scores on the IHLC in the two groups were higher than scores on the PHLC or the CHLC. However, there was a significant difference between the mean scores for the two groups on the PHLC (t=2.85, P=0.006). 5) The mean score for the helmeted group on the health promotion lifestyle profile was higher than the mean score for the nonhelmeted group(107.30±11.10, 96.57土 15.54 respectively), and there was a significant difference between the mean scores (t=3.64, p=0.001) . The highest score for helmeted group on the health promotion lifestyle profile was in the health care domain. However, for the nonhelmeted group the highest score was in the exercise domain and the lowest score was in the health care domain. 6) With regard to the relationship between health promotion lifestyle, health locus of control and self esteem in the two groups, the correlation coefficient between health promotion lifestyle and internal health locus of control for the helmeted group was 50(p〈0.01). For the nonhelmeted group, there was no correlation between health promotion lifestyle and internal health locus of control. However, there were significant correlation between health pro-motion lifestyle and external locus of control(r=0. 46, p〈0.01), and self esteem(r=0.495, p〈0.01). 7) Among the demographic variables, age and education had an impact on individual’s self-esteem The modifying factors of age made a contribution to explaining health - promoting lifestyle. In the present study, more than 40% rf the motorcyclists were riding without a helmet. The incidence of brain injury for patients riding without a helmet was nearly twice as high in the nonhelmeted rider as compared to the helmeted rider. The nonhelmeted motorcyclists in this study had lower self-esteem, obtained a higher score on the IHLC, and were not strongly engaged in performing health promotion activities as compared to the helmeted riders. However, some of the nonhelmeted riders who had a strong belief in PHLC were positively associated with engaging in health promotion activities. Based on the results obtained from this study, strategies to promote helmet usage for motorcyclists have to be developed.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.226-232
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• 2000

This paper develops a finite element model for studying the crashworthiness analysis of a mid-size truck. A simulation for a truck frontal crash to a rigid barrier using the model is performed with PAM-CRASH installed in super computer SP2. Full vehicle model is composed of 86467 shell elements, 165 beam elements and 98 bar elements, and 86769 nodes. The model uses four material model such as elastic, elastic-plastic(steel), rigid and elastic-plastic(rubber) material model which are in PAM-CRASH. Frame and suspension system are modeled with 28774 shell elements and 31412 nodes. Cab is modeled with 34680 shell elements and 57 beam elements, and 36254 nodes. Bumper is modeled with 2262 shell elements, and 2508 nodes. Axle, steering shaft, etc are modeled using beam or bar elements. Mounting parts are modeled using rigid bodies. Bodies are interconnected using nodal constrains or joint options. To verify the developed model, frontal crash test with 30mph velocity to a rigid barrier is carried out. In the crash test, vehicle pulse at lower part of b-pillar is measured, and deformed shapes of frame and driver seat area are photographed. Those measured vehicle pulse and photographed pictures are compared those from the simulation to verify the developed finite element model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.573-582
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index (WUSPI), which was translated into Korean for long-term wheelchair users. This index measured 15 functional activities, including transfer, self-care, wheelchair mobility and general activities. METHODS: To assess test-retest reliability, 23 long-term wheelchair users completed this self-administered index twice within the same day. Reliability was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure internal consistency. To examine concurrent validity, 21 long-term wheelchair users completed the questionnaire, and we examined the correlation between the index score and the shoulder range of motion measurements. RESULT: The results showed that the intraclass correlation for test-retest reliability of the total index score ranging from .88 to .99 was good to excellent. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha was .96. The internal consistency indicated excellent. Concurrent validity showed negative correlations of total index score to range of motion measurements of shoulder flexion (rho=-.58), extension (rho=-.09), abduction (rho=-.59), external rotation (rho=-.07) and internal rotation (rho=-.3), suggesting a relationship of total index score to loss of shoulder range of motion. CONCLUSION: The Korean WUSPI shows not only high reliability and internal consistency, but also concurrent validity with loss of shoulder flexion and abduction.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.489-494
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• 2001

This paper develops a finite element model for frontal crash analysis of a large-sized truck. It is composed of 220 parts, 70,041 nodes and 69,073 elements. This paper explains only major parts' models in detail such as frame, cab, floor, and bumper which affect on crash analysis a lot. In order to prevent penetration not only at a part itself but also between parts, all contact areas are defined using type-36, self-impact type. The developed model's reliability is validated by comparing simulation and crash test results. The results used for model validation are vehicle pulses at B-pillar, and frame and deformation of frame and cab. The frontal crash simulation is performed with the same conditions as crash test. And, it is performed using PAM-CRASH installed in super-computer SP2. The developed model whose reliability is verified may be used as a base to develop a finite element model for occupant behavior and injury coefficient analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the depression, anxiety, stress response and self-care, to analyze the correlation among depression, anxiety, stress response and self-care by gender, and to determine factors associated with self-care in diabetic patients. Method: The subjects of this study were 103 participants with diabetes mellitus. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis by using SAS program. Result: Items for self-care evaluation by gender were significant differences in hospital visit, hypoglycemia preparation, proper hygiene, taking a rest, foot injury check, drinking, and smoking. The female patients are more likely to have higher self-care score than the male patients. However, there were no differences in depression, anxiety and stress response by gender. In male patients, there were positive correlations between the degree of depression and stress response, the degree of anxiety and stress response. In female patients, there were positive correlations between the degree of depression and stress response, the degree of anxiety and stress response. In multiple regression analysis, gender and experienced admission is associated with self-care. Conclusion: We should consider integrated approaches for psychological problems in the management of diabetic patients.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.943-945
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• 2003

This study is to evaluate the change of intra-abdominal pressure related with intravesical and intrarectal pressure in patients with spinal cord injury according to daily activities and postural changes which make the abdominal pressure elevated. The intravesical and the intrarectal pressures were obtained during patient's speech, sneeze, cough, valsalva and various postural changes with supine to decubitus, derubitus to supine, supine to sit, and sit to supine according to empty and full bladders, respectively. The order of higher intravesical and intrarectal pressure rise during various maneuvers were valsalva, sneeze, supine to sit and cough, respectively. Higher correlation coefficient between the intrvesical and intrarectal pressures were noted during cough, sneeze, valsalva and supine to sit in empty bladder than full one. These results demonstrated that the intravesical and intrarectal pressures were influenced by daily activities and postural changes of increasing the intra-abdominal pressure. The intrarectal pressures according to daily activities such as cough, sneeze, valsalva and postural change were significantly related with intravesical pressures.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose: We investigated how prehospital, emergency room (ER), and delta shock indices (SI) correlate with outcomes including mortality in patients with polytrauma. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1,275 patients who visited the emergency department from January 2015 to April 2018. A total of 628 patients were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into survivor and non-survivor groups, and logistic regression analysis was used to investigate independent risk factors for death. Pearson coefficient analysis and chi-square test were used to examine the significant relationship between SI and clinical progression markers. Results: Of 628 enrolled patients, 608 survived and 27 died. Multivariate logistic regression analysis reveals "age" (p<0.001; OR, 1.068), "pre-hospital SI >0.9" (p<0.001; OR, 11.629), and "delta SI ${\geq}0.3$" (p<0.001; OR, 12.869) as independent risk factors for mortality. Prehospital and ER SIs showed a significant correlation with hospital and intensive care unit length of stay and transfusion amount. Higher prehospital and ER SIs (>0.9) were associated with poor clinical progression. Conclusions: SI and delta SI are significant predictors of mortality in patients with polytrauma. Moreover, both prehospital and ER SIs can be used as predictive markers of clinical progression in these patients.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the agreement between intraoperative transcranial sonography (TCS) and postoperative computed tomography (CT) in patients with traumatic brain injuries. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of 35 patients who underwent TCS during surgery, among those who presented to a regional trauma center and underwent decompressive craniectomy between January 1, 2017 and April 30, 2020. Results: The mean difference between TCS and CT in measuring the midline shift was -1.33 mm (95% confidence interval, -2.00 to -0.65; intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.96; P<0.001). An excellent correlation was found between TCS and CT in assessing contralateral subdural hematomas (ICC, 0.96; P<0.001) and focal hematoma lesions (ICC, 0.99; P<0.001). A very good correlation between TCS and CT was found for measurements of ventricle width (ICC, 0.92; P<0.001). Conclusions: TCS during surgery is considered an effective diagnostic tool for the detection of intraoperative parenchymal changes in patients with traumatic brain injuries.