• 소성∙가공
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.402-408
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• 2016

A manufacturing technology of carbon fiber composites with thermoplastic polymer pellets and continuous woven fiber was investigated using a compression molding process. To secure the impregnation of resin into the porosity of fabric the composite specimens were prepared with general injection-molding grade polypropylene pellets and low viscosity polycarbonate pellets. Tensile tests of polypropylene and polycarbonate composites were performed. Polycarbonate composites showed higher fracture strength than that of polypropylene composites because of the difference of matrix properties. However, the increase rate of strength was lower than that of polypropylene composites due to the difference of coherence between matrix and reinforcement. To investigate the effect of carbon fiber volume fraction on the fracture strength variation polypropylene composites with different volume fraction were compression molded and tensile tests were performed together. It was shown that the fracture strength of the polypropylene composites increased by 3.2, 5.4 and 6.9 times with the increase of carbon fabric volume fraction of 0.256, 0.367, and 0.480, respectively.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.627-630
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 원료의 직접 주입법과 다양한 탄소수를 갖는 화합물을 이용하여 휘발유와 등유 등의 고급 유분을 생성할 수 있는 상업용 촉매 공정의 반응특성을 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 통하여 순간주입 반응기(spouted bed reactor) 상에서 상용촉매를 사용하여 반응 특성을 평가하였다. 또한 decane과 pentadecane을 이용하여 고정층 반응기와 순간주입 반응기의 특성을 비교하였다. 본 연구 결과, 반응온도 $550^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 휘발유 및 등유 수율을 기록하였다. 또한 순간 주입 반응기의 경우 주입량을 분할하여 주입하는 것보다 1회에 주입하는 것이 보다 효과적이었으며, 탄소수가 큰 물질을 사용할수록 반응활성이 증가하였다.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.100-111
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• 2022

This paper presents a simple and inexpensive method to fabricate chemically and mechanically resistant hot electron-emitting composite electrodes on reusable substrates. In this study, the hot electron emitting composite electrodes were manufactured by doping a polymer, nylon 6,6, with few different brands of carbon particles (graphite, carbon black) and by coating metal substrates with the aforementioned composite ink layers with different carbon-polymer mass fractions. The optimal mass fractions in these composite layers allowed to fabricate composite electrodes that can inject hot electrons into aqueous electrolyte solutions and clearly generate hot electron- induced electrochemiluminescence (HECL). An aromatic terbium (III) chelate was used as a probe that is known not to be excited on the basis of traditional electrochemistry but to be efficiently electrically excited in the presence of hydrated electrons and during injection of hot electrons into aqueous solution. Thus, the presence of hot, pre-hydrated or hydrated electrons at the close vicinity of the composite electrode surface were monitored by HECL. The study shows that the extreme pH conditions could not damage the present composite electrodes. These low-cost, simplified and robust composite electrodes thus demonstrate that they can be used in HECL bioaffinity assays and other applications of hot electron electrochemistry.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 1994년도 추계학술대회강연 및 발표대회 강연및 발표논문 초록집
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• pp.18-18
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• 1994

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2014

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is regarded as an alternative fuel for spark ignition engine due to similar or even higher octane number. In addition, LPG has better fuel characteristics including high vaporization characteristic and low carbon/hydrogen ratio leading to a reduction in carbon dioxide emission. Recently, development of LPG direct injection system started to improve performance of vehicles fuelled with LPG. However, spray characteristics of LPG were not well understood, which is should be known to develop injector for LPG direct injection engines. In this study, effects of operation condition including ambient pressure, temperature, and injection pressure on spray properties of n-butane were evaluated and compared to gasoline in a multi-hole injector. As general characteristics of both fuels, spray penetration becomes smaller with an increase of ambient pressure as well as a reduction in the injection pressure. However, it is found that evaporation of n-butane was faster compared to gasoline under all experimental condition. As a result, spray penetration of n-butane was shorter than that of gasoline. This result was due to higher vapor pressure and lower boiling point of n-butane. On the other hand, spray angle of both fuels do not vary much except under high ambient temperature conditions. Furthermore, spray shape of n-butane spray becomes completely different from that of gasoline at high ambient temperature conditions due to flash boiling of n-butane.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1415-1427
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• 1988

본 연구에서는 막냉각되고 있는 수평평판에서 분사각도와 분사율의 변화가 열 전달계수에 미치는 영향을 주 연구대상으로 하였다. 열전달계수의 측정을 위하여 나 프탈렌 승화법을 이용하였고, 열전달 계수에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 유동장에 대한 이 해를 위해 슐리렌 광학계를 이용한 유동의 가시화 실험을 수행하였다. 분사각도는 Fig.1에서와 같이 y축 방향으로의 수직분사(case 1), 유동방향(x축방향)dp eogo 35˚ 경사진 분사(case 2), 그리고 유동의 직각방향(Z축)dp eogo 35˚경사진 분사(case 3) 등 3가지의 경우에 대해 실험하였고, 분사율은 0.5, 1.0, 1.8로 변화시켰다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2012

니켈촉매 막을 증착시킨 산화규산 기판 위에 아세틸렌기체와 수소기체를 원료기체로 육불화황기체를 첨가기체로 사용하여 열화학기상증착 방법으로 탄소코일을 합성하였다. 첨가기체의 유량과 아세틸렌/육불화황 기체들의 싸이클릭 on/off 유량 변조에 따라 성장된 탄소코일의 특성(형성 밀도, 형상)을 조사하였다. 육불화황의 기체 유량이 가장 낮은 경우(5 sccm)에서, 2분동안 육불화황을 주입하여 아세틸렌/육불화황 기체를 싸이클릭 on/off 유량 변조시킴에 따라 탄소코일을 형성시켰다. 반면 육불화황을 5분 동안 연속적으로 주입한 경우에서는 탄소나노필라멘트 형상이 나타나지 않았다. 육불화황의 유량이 5 sccm에서 30 sccm으로 증가함에 따라 아세틸렌/육불화황 기체들의 싸이클릭 on/off 유량 변조는 탄소코일의 형상을 나노크기의 형태로만 제한시켰다. 육불화황 기체의 플로린 종에 의한 에칭 특성이 이러한 효과를 주게 하는 것으로 이해되었다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2024

Physical properties of carbon nanomaterials are dependent on their nanostructures and they are modified by diverse synthesis methods. Among them, thermal plasma method stands out for synthesizing carbon nanomaterials by controlling chemical and physical reactions through various design and operating conditions such as plasma torch type, plasma gas composition, power capacity, raw material injection rate, quenching rate, kinds of precursors, and so on. The method enables the production of carbon nanomaterials with various nanostructures and characteristics. The high-energy integration at high-temperature region thermal plasma to the precursor is possible to completely vaporize precursors, and the vaporized materials are rapidly condensed to the nanomaterials due to the rapid quenching rate by sharp temperature gradient. The synthesized nanomaterials are averagely in several nanometers to 100 nm scale. Especially, the thermal plasma was validated to synthesize low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes and graphene, which hold immense promise for future applications.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.287-296
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• 2013

To decompose carbon dioxide, which is a representative greenhouse gas, a plasma torch was designed and manufactured. To examine the characteristics of carbon dioxide decomposition via plasma discharge, a case wherein pure carbon dioxide was supplied and a case wherein methane and/or $TiCl_4$ were injected as additives were investigated and compared. The carbon dioxide and methane conversion rate, energy decomposition efficiency, produced gas concentration, carbon monoxide and hydrogen selectivity, carbon-black and $TiO_2$ were also investigated. The maximum carbon dioxide conversion rate was 28.9% when pure carbon dioxide was supplied; 44.6% when $TiCl_4$ was injected as am additive; and 100% percent when methane was injected as an additive. Therefore, this could be explained that the methane injection showed the highest carbon dioxide decomposition. Furthermore, the carbon-black and $TiO_2$ were compared with each commercial materials through XRD and SEM. It was found that the carbon-black that was produced in this study is similar for commercial materials. It was found that the $TiO_2$ that was produced in this study is suitable for photocatalyst and pigment because it has mixed anataze and rutile.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2024

Recently, with the acceleration of global warming, the importance of carbon neutrality is being emphonasized. In response to this, various technologies are being developed to achieve carbon neutrality, with Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) being a prominent example. Research has been conducted on the injection technology to environmentally discharge carbon captured by using one of the carbon capture technologies, HAK-CRS. In this study, numerical simulations were performed using commercial software, ANSYS Fluent, to understand the dispersed multiphase flow between a water jet and CaCO₃ particles. The analysis focused on the differences in particle behavior when injecting CaCO₃ with different flow rates. It was observed that as the mass flow rate of CaCO₃ increased, there was a tendency for the particles to deviate from the flow of the jet and rapidly fall, influenced significantly by gravity. These results indicate that, for CaCO₃ particles to disperse widely, the flow rate should not be excessively high. Given the potential adverse impacts on marine ecosystems due to the high density of CaCO₃, research on injection technology should also be conducted.