• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.242-255
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• 2019

이 연구는 34종의 천연 식물 추출물을 이용하여 치주염 원인균 Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans와 Prevotella intermedia에 대한 항균효과를 조사하였다. 이에 본 연구는 치주염 원인균에 대한 천연 식물 추출물의 항균효과를 연구하고자 유기용매 추출물을 이용하여 생육저지활성을 측정하고, 시료 추출물의 최소생육저해농도(Minimum Inhibition Concentration, MIC)를 측정한다. 1차적으로 34종의 각 천연 식물 추출물을 에탄올로 추출하여 디스크 확산법(disk diffusion method)을 이용하여 각 추출물의 생육저지환(clear zone, mm)의 크기를 측정한 결과 나복자, 목통, 백작약, 사간, 선복화, 어성초, 연교, 진교, 천련자, 황금, (천)황련, 황백, 해동피 등 13종에서 천연 식물 추출물이 치주염의 원인균인 A. actinomycetemcomitans에 대해서 생육저지 활성을 나타내었다. P. intermedia의 경우, 나복자, (일)당귀, 목통, 사간, 선복화, 어성초, 육계, 자완, 천련자, 황금, (천)황련, 황백, 해동피 등 13종에서 생육저지 활성을 나타내었다. A. actinomycetemcomitans에 대해서는 사간, 육계, 해동피, 황백, (천)황련에서 항균효과가 나타났다. (천)황련은 A. actinomycetemcomitans의 모든 유기용매 분획에서 가장 우수한 생육저지 활성을 나타내었다. P. intermedia는 사간, 육계, 천련자, 황백, 황련에서 생육저지 활성이 나타났다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.645-651
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• 2013

시설오이로 많이 재배되고 있는 4 품종을 선발하여 생육단계별로 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, 피부염증과 가려움증 관련 Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Malassezia furfur균에 대한 항균효과 그리고 tyrosinase 억제 활성에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 총 페놀 함량은 장죽청장과 장형낙합 품종에서 늘푸른청장과 신조은백다다기 품종에 비해 상대적으로 다소 높게 나타났으며, 생육단계별로는 대부분 수확기에 이른 5단계에서 높은 함량을 보였다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 조사된 오이 4품종 모두 생육단계별로 큰 차이를 나타내지는 않았다. 항균활성은 Staphylococcus aureus균에서는 장형낙합 품종이 모든 생육단계에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 보였으며, Staphylococcus epidermidis균에서는 생육단계 및 품종에 따라 저해환이 8~12 mm로 항균성에 차이를 나타냈다. 또한 Malassezia furfur균에서는 장죽청장에서 항균활성이 높게 나타났으며, 특히 생육 3, 4단계에서는 저해환이 14 mm로 형성되어 가장 높은 항균효과를 보였다. 전체적으로 오이의 항균성은 Staphylococcus aureus균에서 비교적 높은 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 오이 추출물의 tyrosinase 억제 활성은 장축청장과 신조은백다다기 품종에서 상대적으로 높은 활성을 보였으며, 다음으로 장형낙합 품종에서 비교적 높게 나타났지만, 늘푸른청장의 경우는 상대적으로 낮은 활성을 보였다. 또한 생육초기보다 수확기에 이르렀을 때 모든 품종에서 tyrosinase 억제 활성이 다소 높게 나타났다. 본 실험의 결과, 피부상재균 및 비듬균에 대한 오이의 항균성과 미백효능을 확인함으로서 향후 고부가가치 향장소재로서의 이용성을 더욱 증대시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Saussurea lappa for the applications of herb-based extracts to both cosmetic and medicinal industries. Methods : Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of Saussutes lappa (ESL) was assessed using agar diffusion and broth dilution methods, and determined by whether clear zone was formed around paper disc and in terms of the size (mm) of clear zone, Results : ESL provided activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCTC 1927 in concentration of 1 mg/ml with an clear zone of 16 mm, and showed an activity against Staphylococcus epidermids KCTC 1917 in concentration of 1 mg/ml with an clear zone of 18mm. Moreover, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ESL against S. sureus and S. epidermidls were 1 mg/ml for both bacterial species. However, ESL showed no growth inhibition against Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCTC 12513, Enterobactet aerogenes KCTC 2190, Escherichia coli KCTC 2571, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 1925 and Propionibacterium acnes KCCM 41747. Conclusions : Antibacterial activity of ESL against Staphylococcus sureus and Staphylococcus epidermids causing eye and skin diseases was proved. The result suggest that ESL may be useful as a natural preservative on behalf of synthetic preservatives.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.61-72
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• 2009

Objectives : This experimental study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution manufactured with freezing dryness method to use eye drop. To identify the use of it as eye drop, the eye irritation test of rabbits and the antibacterial test of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Candida albicans were performed. Methods : 1. The eye irritation test of this material was performed according to the Regulation of Korea Food & Drug Administration(2005. 10. 21, KFDA 2005-60). After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 2. After administering Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis, MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) and the size of inhibition zone were measured. Anti-bacterial potency was also measured using the size of inhibition zone. Results : 1. After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, it was found that none of nine rabbits have abnormal signs and weight changes. 2. After Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was medicated in the left eye of the rabbits, no eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 3. There was no response to MIC on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) after Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution was medicated. Conclusions : The present study suggests that Bovis Calculus pharmacopuncture solution is a nontoxic and non-irritant medicine, which does not cause eye irritation in rabbits, but dosen't have antibacterial effects on bacterial species(Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that more research on other herbal medicines of eye drop for Keratitis are required.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.1213-1222
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• 2011

This research evaluated antibacterial and growth inhibition effects on three kinds of lactic acid bacteria and five kinds of food poisoning bacteria using Backryencho powder, hot water, 70% ethanol, and 95% ethanol extracts. Antibacterial activity was shown against Leu. mensenteroides for 8 and 10 mg/disc of the 95% ethanol extract solution and strong proliferation inhibition effects were displayed against B. subtilis, Stap. aureus, E. coli, and S. typhimurium. High antibacterial activity according to certain clear zone formations was shown especially for the 10 mg/disc. A 3% concentration of the 95% ethanol extract showed high growth inhibition effects against lactic acid bacteria, L. brevis, L. plantarum, and Leu. mesenteroids. The measurement of viable cell counts of S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. typhimurium indicated suppression effects by the 3% concentration of the 95% ethanol extract, at 49.60%, 41.54%, 35.95%, 28.82%, and 26.60% respectively. The antibacterial activities of the hot water, 70% ethanol, 95% ethanol extract of Backryencho against food poisoning bacteria and Kimchi fermentation lactic acid bacteria were confirmed through various methods of antibiotic measurement. Based on these results, Backryencho extract is considered a good source for a range of applications as a natural anti-bacterial agent for the storage ability of Kimchi and as a possible food preservative.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2012

Objective: This experimental study was designed to investigate the safety and the effectiveness of Samjeong pharmacopuncture solution (SPS) manufactured by using a the lowtemperature extract on process. Methods: To identify the safety and the effectiveness of using SPS as eye drops, we performed applied eye irritation tests on rabbits and antibacterial tests for Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Candida albicans. The eye irritation test was performed according to the toxicity testing regulation of the Korea Food & Drug Administration (2009. 8. 24, KFDA 2009-116). After SPS had been applied on the left eye of the rabbits, eye irritation in the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & 7th day. After SPS had been dropped on bacterial species that cause keratitis, the minimum inhibition concentration and the size of the inhibition zone were measured. The anti-bacterial potency was also measured by taking the size of inhibition zone. Results: After SPS had been administered on the left eye of the rabbits, none of nine rabbits were found to show abnormal signs or weight changes. After SPS had been administered on the left eye of the rabbits, no eye irritation in the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th & 7th day. No specific response was detected in MIC for bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Candida albicans after SPS had been applied. Conclusions: This study suggests that SPS is a non-toxic and non-irritant medicine that does not cause any of eye irritation in rabbits, but it has no antibacterial effects on bacterial species that are well known to cause keratitis. These results suggest that more research is required on extracts from herbal medicines for treating keratitis.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.21-33
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• 2009

Objective : This experimental study was performed to investigate the safety of Soyeom Pharmacopunture solution manufactured by extraction of alcohol and water. To identify the use of it as eyedrops, the eye irritation test of rabbits and antibacterial test of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Candida albicans was performed. Methods : 1. The eye irritation test of this material was performed according to the Regulation of Korea Food & Drug Administration(2005. 10. 21, KFDA 2005-60). After Soyeom pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 2. After administering Soyeom Pharmacopuncture solution on bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) which cause Keratitis, MIC(Minimum Inhibition Concentration) and the size of inhibition zone were measured. Anti-bacterial potency was also measured using the size of inhibition zone. Results : 1. After Soyeom pharmacopuncture solution was administered in the left eye of the rabbits, it was found that none of nine rabbits have abnormal signs and weight changes. 2. After Soyeom pharmacopuncture solution was medicated in the left eye of the rabbits, no eye irritation of the cornea, iris and conjunctiva was observed at 1, 2, 3, 4 & 7day. 3. There was no response to MIC on bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Candida albicans) after Soyeom pharmacopuncture solution was medicated. Conclusions : The present study suggests that Soyeom pharmacopuncture solution is a non-toxic and non-irritant medicine, which does not cause eye irritation in rabbits, but dosen't have anti-bacterial effects on bacterial species which cause Keratitis. These study result recommends that more research on other herbal medicines of eye drop for Keratitis are required.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2011

We compared three EDTA-based phenotypic screening methods for detecting IMP-1 and VIM-2 type metallo-${\beta}$- lactamase (MBL)-producing isolates of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas spp., EDTA-double disk synergy test (EDTADDST), Etest MBL, and imipenem (IPM)-EDTA disk test. A total of 183 isolates (65 Acinetobacter spp. and 118 Pseudomonas spp. showing IPM resistance), confirmed to MBL genes by PCR, were used. The criteria for MBL production were (i) presence of a synergistic zone between IPM and EDTA disks in EDTA-DDST, (ii) reduction of IPM minimal inhibitory concentration by ${\geq}$ 3 twofold dilutions in the presence of EDTA in the Etest MBL, and (iii) ${\geq}$ 7 mm increase in the inhibition zone around the IPM plus EDTA disks compared with a sole IPM disk in the IPM-EDTA disk test. In this study using 87 MBL-producing and 96 MBL-nonproducing isolates, the sensitivities/specificities of EDTA-DDST, Etest MBL and IPM-EDTA disk tests were 94.3/78.1%, 89.7/91.7%, and 97.7/95.8%, respectively. When the threshold for the increase of the inhibition zone around the IPM plus EDTA disk over a sole IPM disk was altered to ${\geq}$ 5 mm and ${\geq}$ 8 mm for Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp., respectively, the sensitivity and specificity of the test were 98.9% and 96.9%, respectively. Of the three EDTA-based phenotypic tests, the IMP-EDTA disk test was superior for detection of MBL-producing isolates.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.390-396
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• 2009

시료추출의 최적 조건을 알아보고자 각각 추출 용매별, 농도별, 시간별로 비교하였다. 먼저 추출용매별로 비교한 결과물 추출물에서 36.2 mg/g, 60% ethanol, 60% methanol, 60% acetone 추출물에서 각각 42.7, 40.3, 39.6 mg/g의 함유량을 나타냈다. 따라서 체리 세이지를 60% ethanol에서 24시간 추출하는 것이 가장 효율적이라 판단되었다. 한편 생리활성 효과는 추출물의 농도를 $200{\mu}g/ml$로 조절하여 실험하였다. DPPH에 대한 전자공여능은 60% ethanol 추출물에서 66.3%로 나타났으며, ABTS radical decolorization을 측정한 결과 60% ethanol 추출물에서 97.6%로 나타났다. Antioxidant protection factor는 60% ethanol 추출물에서 2.26 PF로 나타났으며, PF와 같이 지용성 물질의 항산화력을 나타내는 TBARS값은 control값이 $0.62{\times}10^2{\mu}M$로 나타났고, 60% ethanol 추출물에서 $0.29{\times}10^2{\mu}M$의 TBARS값을 나타났다. Xanthine oxidase 활성억제 효과는 78%의 저해율을 나타냈고, ACE 활성억제 효과는 나타나지 않았다. $\alpha$-Amylase 저해활성을 측정한 결과, 60% ethanol 추출물에서 7.6%의 낮은 저해율을 나타내었으며, H. pylori균에 대한 항균활성은 50, 100, 150, $200{\mu}g/ml$ 농도별로 각각 10, 12, 13, 15 mm의 clear zone을 형성되었다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.45-52
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• 2014

Red pine (Pinus densiflora) is widely used traditional medicine, pharmacological and nutritional values from which the phytochemical compounds are derived. The present study was aimed to examine the antibacterial effects in the absence and presence of a immature red pine cone extract against 13 microorganisms. The components in the aqueous extract from immature red pine cone were identified by GC-MS. About 1.4% of total polyphenolic compound was measured in aqueous extract collected from immature red pine cone. Also, the high concentration of ${\beta}$-phellenandrene, ${\alpha}$-pinene, limonene, bornyl acetate and aldehyde was detected in total ion chromatograms. Of total 13 microorganisms, 4 microorganisms including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholera, Listeria monocytogenes, Klebsiella pneumonia were effectively killed by aqueous extract of immature red pine cone. The highest anti-bacterial effect was detected in P. aeruginosa, followed by V. cholera, L. monocytogenes and K. pneumonia. In case of P. aeruginosa, the largest diameter of inhibition zone was maintained to 1/2 solution treated cells and slightly decreased at 1/4 and 1/8 solution treated cells. Also, in test used V. cholera and L. monocytogenes, the inhibition zone was strongly formed in only 1 and 1/2 solution treated cells, while K. pneumonia showed the very small diameter of inhibition zone in all concentrations. Therefore, these results suggested that the aqueous extracts of immature red pine cone should be considered as a new and potentially important anti-bacterial substrate to effectively prevent the microbial infection and penetration.