• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.67-72
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• 2020

Whole lung lavage (WLL) is a therapeutic procedure to remove accumulated material by infusing and draining the lungs with lavage fluid. This procedure has been regarded as the current standard of care to treat pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. However, the WLL protocol has not yet been standardized and the technique has been refined and modified a number of times. A rapid infusion system is a device used to infuse blood or other fluids at precise rates and normothermic conditions. This device is not typically used in WLL, which relies on the passive infusion of fluids using the gravitational force. However, in this study we performed WLL using a rapid infusion system, since we aimed to take advantage of its shorter operation time and greater degree of control over fluid volume and temperature. The patient's symptoms improved without the occurrence of any complications.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 1986

Many experiments have showed that the sodium and potassium ion transporting system and the Na, $^+K^+$-ATPase activity of membrane fragments are inhibited by digitalis glycosides and that the pump may be associated with the pharmacological receptor for the drugs. The aim of our investigation is to elucidate the ouabain binding sites occupation in heart following infusion of ouabain to intact animals by the $^3H$-ouabain binding assay. Lethal dose and 26 percent of lethal dose of ouabain were infused to intact rabbit through ear vein. Microsomal fraction was fractionated from ouabain treated rabbit heart. $^3H$-ouabain binding to these fraction in vitro was studied by the Schwartz's method. $^3H$-ouabain binding to heart microsomal fraction was also studied following infusion of ginseng ethanol extract and caffeine to rabbits respectively. 1) The infusion of lethal dose ouabain (113$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg) inhibited the specific $^3H$-ouabain binding to rabbit heart microsomal fraction to the level of 60% (p<0.01) of control group and the infusion of 26% of lethal dose of ouabain led to the level of 79% (p<0.01) of the control group. 2) Time course of binding of 0.4$\mu{M}$ $^3H$-ouabain to microsomal fraction from rabbit heart following infusion of lethal and 26% of lethal dose of ouabain showed dose dependence at various incubation time. 3) Compared with control, only slight change of $K_d$ and $B_{max}$ was detected in in vitro $^3H$-ouabain binding after infusion of ginseng ethanol extract (300mg/kg) to rabbit. 4) In caffeine infusion group, $^3H$-ouabain binding yielded nearly the same results as control group.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2017

This paper develops a pump system for patient with chronic pain or cancer. The pump module is consists of two micro-valve and membrane. The micro-valve is operated by a solenoid. With two solenoid valves which are connected via a drug transport line, the inlet and outlet are completely blocked. A silicon rubber membrane located between the two valves makes the flow-rate constant without any backflow. This pump module can control the flow-rate of drugs by controlling the time that the valves are opened and closed. The reservoir consists of a drug chamber and a gas chamber. As the gas chamber encloses the drug chamber, propellant gas which is injected into the gas chamber pressurizes the drug chamber regardless of volume of the drug chamber. To design the pump module, analysis a constant efficiency test, and accuracy test for the pump module were conducted.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1760-1764
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• 2002

In order to elucidate the physiological function of circulating IGF-I on muscle protein synthesis in the chicken under malnutritional conditions, we administrated recombinant chicken IGF-I using a osmotic mini pump to fasted young chickens and measured the rate of muscle protein synthesis and plasma metabolite. The pumps delivered IGF-I at the rate of $22{\mu}g/d\{300{\mu}g{\cdot}(kg\;body\;weight{\cdot}d)^{-1}\}$. Fractional rate of protein synthesis in the muscle was measured using a large dose injection of L-[$2,6-^3H$]phenylalanine. Constant infusion of chicken IGF-I did not affect plasma glucose level. Significant interaction between dietary treatment and IGF-I infusion was observed in plasma NEFA and total cholesterol concentrations. When chicks were fasted, IGF-I infusion decreased plasma NEFA and total cholesterol concentrations. On the other hand, IGF-I administration did not affect plasma levels of both metabolites. Fasting reduced plasma triglyceride concentration significantly. IGF-I infusion also decreased the level of plasma triglyceride. Plasma IGF-I concentration of young chickens was halved by fasting for 1 d. IGF-I infusion using an osmotic minipump for 1 d increased plasma IGF-I concentration in fasted chicks to the level of fed chicks. Fasting decreased body weight and the loss of body weight was significantly ameliorated by IGF-I infusion. There was a significant interaction between dietary treatment and IGF-I infusion in the fractional rate of breast muscle protein synthesis. There was no effect of IGF-I infusion on muscle protein synthesis in fed chicks. Muscle protein synthesis reduced by fasting was ameliorated by IGF-I infusion, but did not reach to the level of fed control. Muscle weight of fasted chicks infused with IGF-I was similar to fasted birds without IGF-I infusion, which suggests that muscle protein degradation would be increased by IGF-I infusion as well as protein synthesis in fasted chicks.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 1998

Background: We compared butorphanol and fentanyl for opioids use in patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) with ketorolac to determine a suitable drug combination for postoperative pain control. Methods: Sixty patients were equally divided into 2 Groups. Group 1 (n=30) butorphanol 10 mg with ketorolac 180 mg; Group 2 (n=30) fentanyl 1 mg with ketorolac 180 mg, diluting 100 ml solutions intravenously via PCA pump after total abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthesia. Total infusion dosage of PCA drug, VAS pain scores, and side effects of both group were manitored. Results: Total infusion dosages were as follows: (Group 1) butorphanol 8.3 mg with ketorolac 149.7 mg; (Group 2) fentanyl $646.6\;{\mu}g$ with ketorolac 116.2 mg. The two groups showed similar pain scores auld side effects. Conclusions : Both butorphanol and fentanyl were effective for postoperative pain control using PCA pump, but butorphanol was more economical. The putative potency ratio of butorphanol to fantanyl was 12.8 : 1.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.11
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• pp.18-21
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• 1995

When we inject drugstuffs to a patient for a long time, it is important to control proper injection amount and flow rate. Since inproper injection amount and a flow rate would cause bad a recovery a patient, the relience of sensors which detect injection amount is an important factor for whole injection systems' performance. In this research, we've compared the suitability of three sensors for injection pump monitoring system. The three types of sensors, piezo film sensor, photo transistor made up with three transmitting photodiodes and receving photodiode, and photo array, were selected for comparing. Using suggested data processing technique and photo amy sensors, we could minimize the effect of interference, disturbance, illumanation change, and sensitivity change caused by sensor's position. According to the experiments, the photo amy showed the higher reliance than any other the three types of sensors. The developed systems could be the foundation of beginning home production of infusion pump system and available for the base model of whole monitoring and control systems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.123-135
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• 1987

The author observed the effects of retrograde infusion of water soluble contrast media (Tele- brix 30) on the rabbit submandibular glands and compared the effects of different degrees of filling. 26 rabbits were divided into 2 groups of 12 each as experimentals and I group of 2 as normal controls. One experimental group was filled with 0.2㎖ and the other with 0.4㎖. Right submandibular gland of each rabbit was infused with contrast media and left one with physiologic saline as a experimental control, at a constant rate of 0.12㎖/min. using an infusion pump via the main excretory duct. Immediately after the infusion of contrast media, oblique lateral radiographs of the glands were made with occlusal film in order to confirm the glandular filling. The rabbits were sacrificed after varying periods (1, 8, 24 hours and 3, 6, 10 days) and the tissues were prepared for light and electron microscopic examination. The results were as follows: 1. In glands filled with 0.2㎖ contrast media, the initial changes were a few vacuole formation in the acini and slight dilation of the intralobular duct. The moderately severe changes such as vacuole formation in the acini, the abnormal substructure within the secretory granule, dilation of acinar and intercalated duct lumen, scalloping of striated duct lumen and inflammatory cell infiltrate were observed at 3 days. The general appearance was successively recovered, so the tissue had a normal appearance at 10 days. 2. In glands filled with 0.4㎖ contrast media, the most prominent alterations such as severe acinar atrophy, decreased number of secretory granules, proliferation of connective tissue stroma and pronounced inflammatory cell infiltrates appeared at 6 days. Although the general appearance returned to be almost normal at 10 days, acinar cells showed some atrophy and decreased secretory granules. 3. In glands subjected to 0.4㎖ infusion, the alterations were more severe and the recovery was slower than those seen in the glands to 0.2㎖ infusion.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.102-108
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to determine if intra-bursal morphine and Bupivacaine mixed infusion provided useful analgesia after subacromial arthroscopic operation. At the end of the subacromial arthroscopy, continuous intra-bursal infusion catheter was inserted. In a double-blind randomized trial, Sixty patients were allocated to one of two groups: placebo group(n=30) received continuous saline infusion. Study group received mixed 5㎖ of 0.5% Bupivacaine, 2㎎ of morphine and 0.05㎖ of 1/1000 epinephrine as bolus and mixed solution of 40㎖ of 0.5% Bupivacaine and 8㎎ of morphine as maintenance dose with continuous infusion pump(0.5㎖ hourly). In the placebo group, two patients were discontinued due to leakage and catheter coming out each. Intensity of pain was evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively for 3 days by 10 graded visual analogue scale. Night pain, pain on motion, sleep disturbance, lying on painful shoulder and amounts of intramuscular pain killer were recorded. Analgesic effect for pain was cleared at 1st and 2nd postoperative day and there was less sleep disturbance for 3 days postoperatively in study group. There was no difference in pain on motion postoperatively. In study group, less pain killers were used in the first 48 hours postoperatively. The continuous intra-bursal infusion decreased perception of pain at resting stage and reduced supplemental analgesic requirement for 2 days postoperatively.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.58 no.11
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• pp.454-458
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• 2015

Compartment syndrome is a rare but devastating condition that can result in permanent neuromuscular or soft tissue injuries. Extravasation injuries, among the iatrogenic causes of compartment syndrome, occur under a wide variety of circumstances in the inpatient setting. Total parenteral nutrition via a peripheral route is an effective alternative for the management of critically ill children who do not obtain adequate nutrition via the oral route. However, there is an inherent risk of extravasation, which can cause compartment syndrome, especially when detected at a later stage. Herein, we report a rare case of compartment syndrome and skin necrosis due to extravasation, requiring emergency fasciotomy and skin graft in a 7-month-old boy who was treated with peripheral parenteral nutrition via a pressurized infusion pump. Although we cannot estimate the exact time at which extravasation occurred, the extent and degree of the wound suggest that the ischemic insult was prolonged, lasting for several hours. Pediatric clinicians and medical teams should carefully examine the site of insertion of the intravenous catheter, especially in patients receiving parenteral nutrition via a peripheral intravenous catheter with a pressurized infusion pump.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.289-294
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• 2016

Background: Control of postoperative pain is an important aspect of postoperative patient management. Among the methods of postoperative pain control, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) has been the most commonly used. This study tested the convenience and safety of a PCA method in which the dose adjusted according to time. Methods: This study included 100 patients who had previously undergone orthognathic surgery, discectomy, or total hip arthroplasty, and wished to control their postoperative pain through PCA. In the test group (n = 50), the rate of infusion was changed over time, while in the control group (n = 50), drugs were administered at a fixed rate. Patients' pain scores on the visual analogue scale, number of rescue analgesic infusions, side effects, and patients' satisfaction with analgesia were compared between the two groups. Results: The patients and controls were matched for age, gender, height, weight, and body mass index. No significant difference in the mount of drug administered was found between the test and control groups at 0-24 h after the operation; however, a significant difference was observed at 24-48 h after the operation between the two groups. No difference was found in the postoperative pain score, number of side effects, and patient satisfaction between the two groups. Conclusions: Patient-controlled anesthesia administered at changing rates of infusion has similar numbers of side effects as infusion performed at a fixed rate; however, the former allows for efficient and safe management of postoperative pain even in small doses.