• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2017

Background: Isolated infraspinatus tear is very rare and clinical features are not as well known, therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics and outcomes of isolated infraspinatus tear that authors experienced. Methods: Authors reviewed 288 cases of full-thickness rotator cuff tear involving infraspinatus between 2010 and 2015, and retrospectively analyzed six cases of isolated infraspinatus tear. Perioperative clinical characteristics, postoperative functional outcomes of 6 months were investigated. Functional evaluation included visual analogue scale (VAS), range of motions, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and Constant score. Results: Calcific tendinitis was accompanied in 4 cases (66.7%). Three of them received steroid injection or aspiration or extracorporeal shockwave therapy. Mean preoperative pain VAS was 7.1 (range, 5-9), and mean postoperative pain VAS at 6 months later was 1.6 (range, 0-5). Preoperative muscle strength by isokinetic muscle performance test showed 52% deficit of abduction and 37.6% deficit of external rotation. All 6 patients had arthroscopic repair of the infraspinatus tendon. All the patients at the 6 months follow-up exhibited clinical improvement in the Constant score (67.8 [range, 45-77] to 89.3 [range, 81-100], p=0.029), and ASES score (52.3 [range, 30-77] to 90.0 [range, 80-100], p=0.002). There was no healing failure on imaging. Conclusions: Isolated infraspinatus tendon tear was frequently accompanied by calcific tendinitis, but pathophysiologic relationship should need more study. To rule out neurogenic etiology, magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography would be helpful. Arthroscopic infraspinatus tendon repair and supraspinatus debridement showed relatively good result in painful shoulder.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2022

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of ischemic compression treatment (ICT) or low-level laser therapy (LLLT) applied to the trigger points of the infraspinatus muscle on shoulder pain and function in patients with shoulder pain. Design: A randomized clinical trial Methods: Thirty patients with shoulder pain were randomly allocated into the ICT group (n=15) or LLLT groups (n=15). ICT was performed on three myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) of the infraspinatus muscle twice a week for 4 weeks (eight sessions), with 5 minutes of treatment per trigger point. LLLT was performed similarly. Shoulder pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and pain pressure threshold (PPT), and shoulder function was assessed using the Korean Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, rotator cuff strength, and range of motion (ROM) of shoulder flexion and abduction. Results: Significant changes in VAS score and PPT were found after the intervention in both groups (p<0.05). Significant changes were observed in the Korean DASH score, rotator cuff strength, and ROM of shoulder flexion (p<0.05) but not in the ROM of shoulder abduction (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups. Conclusions: This study showed that both ICT and LLLT applied on the MTrPs of the infraspinatus muscle were effective for relieving shoulder pain and improving shoulder functions in patients with shoulder pain.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2018

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of vibration exercises generated from an $XCO^{(R)}$ trainer on supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and deltoid muscle thickness. Methods: Thirty subjects were evenly divided into two groups. Muscle thickness was measured by a sonogram prior to the study, and at three and six weeks after the intervention. Changes in muscle thickness were analyzed using a repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significance level for the statistical test was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: A statistically significant differences in timing, interactions between timing and the groups, and between-group changes were demonstrated for supraspinatus muscle thickness (p<0.05). A similar finding was reported for infraspinatus, teres minor, and deltoid muscles with regard to the interactions between timing and the groups (p<0.05), although the between-group change did not reach statistical significance (p>0.05). Conclusion: Significant changes were observed in the thickness of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and deltoid muscles, owing to the use of vibration exercises generated from an $XCO^{(R)}$ trainer. These findings can be used as a foundation for future studies on rehabilitation training.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to examine how an effective rehabilitation exercise program influences the activity of shoulder muscles, and to help the clinical application of a rehabilitation program, for prevention and relief of pain, adhesion, and joint stiffness of patients who undergo rotator cuff repair. Methods: Nine test subjects were placed randomly into each group for a total of 27 subjects and exercise program interventions according to the group were conducted for six weeks, after which maximum voluntary isometric contraction (%MVIC) value was re-measured for supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, serratus anterior muscle, and middle deltoid muscle in all groups in order to compare changes in muscle activity before and after the experiment in order to perform comparative analysis of changes in muscle activity between groups, based on which four experimental hypotheses were confirmed. Results: Changes in muscle activity according to %MVIC showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.01) (p<0.001) in all muscles, except the middle deltoid muscle, and post-verification results showed that changes in muscle activity according to %MVIC were greater in test groups I and II, compared with the control group, for the supraspinatus muscle, infraspinatus muscle, and serratus anterior muscle. Conclusion: Therefore, rehabilitation through use of the methods described above should be applied efficiently in clinical settings and more research in development of much more efficient rehabilitation program interventions must be conducted.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.25-35
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activities of infraspinatus, serratus anterior, upper trapezius, and triceps brachii in different supporting surface intervals during push-up exercise. Method : Subjects of the study were 18 healthy male students without any orthopedic or neurological injuries including neck and shoulder surgeries and can perform a push-up exercise required for the study. EMG was used to measure the muscle activities of four muscles. Result : There were statistically significant differences of all the muscles in three different supporting surface intervals(p<0.5). Muscle activity of upper trapezius was the highest(MVIC 39.40%) in the narrowest width and the lowest in the widest width. In infraspinatus, muscle activity was the highest(MVIC 36.23%) in the narrowest width and the lowest in the widest width. In serratus, muscle activity is the highest(MVIC 58.04%) in the widest width and the lowest in the narrowest width. In triceps brachii, muscle activity is the highest(MVIC 68.51%) in the widest width and the lowest in the narrowest width. Conclusion : Muscle activities are at the highest with the narrowest width in the upper trapezius and the infraspinatus. In the serratus and triceps brachii, however, muscle activities are at the highest with widest width.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.43-47
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• 2007

Purpose: This study examined the effect of electro-acupuncture stimulation of the infraspinatus and teres major on the shoulder function reduction. The subjects consisted of 20 female patients with a shoulder dysfunction. Methods: The 20 female patients with shoulder dysfunction participated voluntary in this research. 10 minute electro-acupuncture stimulation (frequency: 5Hz, Intensity: below the pain threshold) with Infra-red therapy, 3 times per week given to the patients' Trigger point of the infraspinatus and teres major. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Apley's Scratch Test and Global Perceived Effect Scale (GPES) were examined before alter six applications. Results: There was a significant decrease in the VAS (p<0.05) and Apley's Scratch Test (p<0.05). In addition, there was statistically significant increase in the Global Perceived Effect Scale (p<0.05). Therefore, the infraspinatus and teres major is a very important muscle for the shoulder function. Conclusion: This data will be used to develop a treatment method for patients with a shoulder dysfunction. These results suggest that the electro-acupuncture stimulation into the infraspinatus and the teres major Trigger point is an effective intervention for patients with shoulder dysfunction and pain.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.143-150
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• 1999

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristic clinical findings and treatment of suprascapular nerve entrapment by ganglion and to evaluate its results. Materials and Methods: Seven paitents with suprascapular nerve entrapment were evaluated on an average 13 months(range, six months to three years two months) after surgical excision and decompression. There were six males and one female. The mean age at operation was 31 years(range, 23 to 40 years), Suprascapular nerve entrapment were caused by compression of ganglion cyst in suprascapular notch or spinoglenoid notch in all cases. All patients complained of pain located over posterolateral area of the shoulder. Two patients had atrophy of both the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles, In four patients, only the infraspinatus muscle was involved. Muscle strength on both forward flexion and external rotation was decreased in two patients. In four patients, only external rotation was decreased. All patients underwent open excision of ganglion cyst and decompression. Results: The most dramatic effect of operation was prompt disappearance of pain in all patients. The average visual analog scale had improved from 7.2 to 0.6 point at the latest follow-up evaluation. An atrophy of the supraspinatus or infraspinatus muscle partially disappeared in four of six patients and muscle strength of forward flexion or abduction improved in all of six patients. The overall result was excellent for five patients and good for two. Conclusion: Surpascapular nerve entrapment by ganglionic cyst had clinically unique symptoms and signs on physical examination. Surgical excision is effective for symptomatic and functional outcomes. We believe that early intervention can be one of treatment modality before an irreversible damage occurs if the ganglion is large enough to compress suprascapular nerve, and to develop severe pain and muscular atrophy.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2024

Purpose: The present study investigated how variations in diagonal exercises affect shoulder muscle activity, examining changes in neuromuscular activation during scapular and shoulder diagonal patterns of exercises. Furthermore, we explored whether the exercise phase affects muscle activation. Methods: Sixteen asymptomatic male participants were recruited. Four diagonal pattern exercises (scapular anterior elevation, posterior elevation, flexion-adduction-external rotation, flexion, abduction-external rotation), and two exercise phases (concentric and eccentric) were administered. Surface electromyography data were collected. Results: Upper trapezius activity was significantly higher during the concentric phase of scapular posterior elevation exercises compared with the others (p<0.05). The serratus anterior, anterior deltoid, and infraspinatus activities were significantly higher during shoulder diagonal pattern exercises compared with the scapular diagonal pattern exercises (p<0.05). Except for the lower trapezius, muscular activities during the concentric phase were significantly greater compared with the eccentric phase (p<0.05). Conclusion: The current study suggests that the diagonal pattern of exercise may contribute to selective strengthening of the shoulder complex muscles and that the form of exercise should be tailored to the subject. It also suggests that diagonal exercises with concentric contractions tend to be more beneficial than eccentric contractions for overall muscle recruitment, but the effects vary for specific diagonal patterns.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회 2004년도 The 7th korea-japan joint meeting of orthopaedic sports medicine
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• pp.42-42
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• 2004

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-25
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• 2007

The symptomatology of suprascapular neuropathy is variable, depending principally on the etiology and location of the lesion. Among them, suprascapular nerve entrapment with isolated paralysis of the infraspinatus muscle is uncommon. We report a 27-year-old man presenting with right arm weakness. Based on the electrophysiologic and imaging findings, suprascapular neuropathy at the spinoglenoid notch due to cystic mass lesion was diagnosed.