• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.235-249
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• 2022

Purpose: This study explored the degree to which pregnant women in Korea made informed choices regarding noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) and investigated factors influencing whether they made informed choices. Methods: In total, 129 pregnant women in Korea participated in a web-based survey. Multidimensional measures of informed choice regarding NIPT and decisional conflict were used to measure participants' levels of knowledge, attitudes, deliberation, uptake, and decisional conflict related to NIPT. Additional questions were asked about participants' NIPT experiences and opinions. Results: All 129 pregnant women were recruited from an online community. Excluding those who expressed neutral attitudes toward NIPT, according to the definition of informed choice used in this study, only 91 made an informed choice (n=63, 69.2%) or an uninformed choice (n=28, 30.8%). Of the latter, 75.0% had insufficient knowledge, 39.3% made a value-inconsistent decision, and 14.3% did not deliberate sufficiently. No difference in decisional conflict was found between the two groups. A significant difference was found between the two groups in the reasons why NIPT was introduced or recommended (p=.021). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that pregnant women who were knowledgeable (odds ratio [OR], 4.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.17-10.47) and deliberated (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57-0.98) were significantly more likely to make an informed choice. Conclusion: The results of this study help healthcare providers, including nurses in maternity units, understand pregnant women's experiences of NIPT. Counseling strategies are needed to improve pregnant women's knowledge of NIPT and create an environment that promotes deliberation regarding this decision.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.187-196
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the understanding of contents and the convenience of use of the DNR animation mobile electronic informed consent. The subjects in this study were inpatients of long-term care hospital. As for data analysis, a statistical package SPSS 21.0K was employed. The findings of the study were as follows: First, DNR choice was 33.0%, CPR choice was 54.0% in case of the outbreak of cardiac arrest. Their principal diagnosis made statistically significant differences to their choice of DNR and CPR. Second, they got 2.50 in the understanding of the content of the DNR electronic informed consent, and got 2.37 in the convenience of use. Given the findings of the study, the DNR animation electronic informed consent is expected to help patients to have a better understanding of contents, to make their decision to choose DNR or CPR, and to sign the DNR informed consent forms themselves.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.759-765
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the choice motivation of dental clinics by patients. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 577 patients visiting the dental clinics from October 6 to 25, 2014 in G city after explaining the purpose of the study and receiving the informed consent. The questionnaire consisted of sociodemographic characteristics and choice motivation of dental clinics using Likert 5 point scale. Results: 1. The traffic convenience was the highest in those who were the 30s (3.37) and unmarried person (3.30). Those having moderate oral health condition showed 3.23. The regular checkup group had 3.33. The physical environment was the highest in the 20s (3.37) and the unmarried persons (3.33). Those having master's degree showed 3.86. The reputation of the dental clinic image was the highest in those having master's degree (3.63). Those having moderate oral health condition had 3.28. The main reason for dental clinic visit was tooth extraction (3.79, p<0.05). 2. The top priority choice for the dental clinic was the access to the dental clinic and the next reason was reputation for the dentist. The other choice factors included trust for the dentist, recommendation, and night treatment. Conclusions: The important choice for the dental clinic included the access to the dental clinic and reputation for the dentist.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.4-13
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• 2018

The evolution of breast reconstructive surgery keeps pace with the evolution of breast oncologic surgery. The reconstructive choice should always balance the optimal local control of disease and the best cosmetic result, reflecting an informed decision that is shared with the patient, who is always at the center of the decision-making process. Implant-based breast reconstruction following mastectomy represents a complex choice. In order to obtain optimal results, the following considerations are mandatory: thorough preoperative planning, a complete knowledge of the devices that are used, accurately performed surgery, and appropriate follow-up.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.47-64
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• 2019

We analyze and study competition in differentiated product market using public data source. Understanding competitive market structure is critical for firms to assess how their products compete against other firms in a given market. In this paper, we estimate consumer demand, extend clout and vulnerability framework, and study competition among multi-product manufacturers in differentiated product market. For our empirical analysis, we adopt choice-based aggregate demand model and estimate consumer demand while accounting for unobserved product characteristics. Once we estimate consumer demand, we compute full price elasticity matrix and investigate intra- and inter- manufacturer substitutions among consumers. This research offers a framework for marketers to analyze and understand market structures, leading them to informed decisions.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.80-86
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence the choice of a major in a sample of 655 science students enrolled in 14 high schools. It was found that more than 80 percents of students had already chosen their desired majors by the second year of high school. Half intended to apply for medical colleges. The preference of medical colleges was more pronounced in high-ranking students. It was found that students who scored highly on career decision level assessments were more likely to major in science. The most important determinant for students in choosing majors was subject interests. Career concerns and students' grades also influenced the choice of majors. In this study, it is concluded that the career decision level of students and subject interests influenced their choice of major. These findings suggest the career development programs and efforts to expose students to various career paths will increase the ability to make informed educational decisions.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.219-237
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• 1998

Economists have identified informed consumer choice as one element of a better-functioning health care market, and thus increased attention is directed to the role of information in the health care system. In this country, however, little work has been done for understanding consumers' search behavior in health care market. Based upon this observation, expectant mothers' information search for the choice of delivery care institution was investigated. In doing so, two hypotheses were proposed: 1) Those women who were more active in the search for information would make choice of a delivery care institution with more confidence and would feel greater subsequent satisfaction. 2) The activeness of expectant mothers in information search would depend upon their various personal characteristics, such as socio-economic status, obstetric conditions, and knowledge and attitudes in relation to delivery and health care. The data used for the analysis were collected through face-to-face interviews with those women who had childbirth during the period from January 1, 1996 to the date of interview in February 1998. The survey was conducted using prepared structured questionnaire in Seoul. The sample was drawn from each of arbitrarily defined four regions of Seoul, Northeast, Northwest, Southeast and Southwest, in proportion to the number of births reported in 1996 in each of them. The distribution of the interviewed women by educational level was made similar to that of mothers of new babies reported in 1996. The sample size was planned to be about 300, but ended up with 319. The results of analysis were generally consistent with the proposed hypotheses. Apparently, information increased expectant mothers' confidence in selecting a delivery care institution and subsequent satisfaction with the institution. Indication is that policy efforts should be strengthened to produce and disseminate relevant, comprehensible and credible information that can aid patient decision making. Also, attention should be directed to motivate patients to actively engage in information search from adequate sources.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

Objectives : The purpose of the study was to investigate the influencing factors of major and university choice in the changing environments that kick out the insincere universities keeping pace with the national policy. Methods : A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 177 subjects after receiving informed consents. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics, influencing factors on university and department choice including multiple application. Chi-square test was used for analysis of the difference between early and regular admission. Results : Employment was the most important reason for choice of dental hygiene department that accounted for 96%. The access route for university information was college homepage for entrance information that accounted for 72.3% and 76.3% of applicants were advised by their parents for their choice for university. The information was mainly composed of school life(92.1%) and employment (81.9%). The applicants wanted to meet the students(58.8%) and to come in contact with the university homepage(57.1%). Early and regular applicants differed in reasons for college entrance(p=0.032), information delivery for major(p=0.013) and multiple application for entrance(p<0.01). Conclusions : University homepage and communication with the students will give much information to the applicants. So the university had better choose the homepage and communication for marketing strategy.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2024

With the advances of digital scanning technology in dentistry, the interests in facial scanning in orthodontics have increased. There are many different manufacturers of facial scanners marketing to the dental practice. How do you know which one will work best for you? What questions should you be asking? We suggest a clinical guideline which may help you make an informed decision when choosing facial scanners. The characteristics of 7 facial scanners were discussed in this article. Here are some considerations for choosing a facial scanner. *Accuracy: For facial scanners to be of real value, having an appropriate camera resolution is necessary to achieve more accurate facial image representation. For orthodontic application, the scanner must create an accurate representation of an entire face. *Ease of Use: Scanner-related issues that impact their ease of use include type of light; scan type; scan time; file type generated by the scanner; unit size and foot print; and acceptance of scans by third-party providers. *Cost: Most of the expenses associated with facial scanning involve the fixed cost of purchase and maintenance. Other expenses include technical support, warranty costs, transmission fees, and supply costs. This article suggests a clinical guideline to make the right choice for facial scanner in orthodontics.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.111-140
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• 2019

The Bioethics and Safety Act provides a set of rules to regulate biobanks and research activities using human biological material, but the law seems to be defective in several folds. The law requires that, prior to collection or use of human biological materials, researchers should obtain the informed consent of the donors, but the law does not obligate biobanks to do so. Even in cases where the law requires informed consent, the ordinance of the Ministry of Health and Welfare allows open (or blanket) consent. In addition, a new article in the Act, Article 42-2 which will take effect from October 24, 2019, allows medical institutions to provide biobanks with remaining biospecimens collected in the course of diagnosis and treatment, unless the donors express their intent to opt-out, without obtaining specific consent from them. Given the need to protect the autonomy of donors and the unique characteristics of biobanks and research activities that use human biological materials, this paper concludes that such open consent-based law may not be suitable to protect the autonomy of the donors and that the broad consent requirement may be a desirable policy option. The paper acknowledges that the international community has long questioned whether broad consent (as well as open consent) is an effective choice to regulate the use of human biological materials. The paper stresses that the baseline requirement in designing the law is that the secondary use of human biological materials should be based on informed consent of the donors; the core value of the law should be a governance structure that promotes transparency and protects donor participation.