• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1020-1042
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• 2019

Reversible data hiding in encrypted images (RDHEI) provides some real-time cloud applications; i.e. the cloud, acting as a data-hider, automatically embeds timestamp in the encrypted image uploaded by a content owner. Many existing methods of RDHEI only satisfy user privacy in which the data-hider does not know the original image, but leaks owner privacy in which the receiver can obtains the original image by decryption and extraction. In the literature, the method of Zhang et al. is the one providing weak content-owner privacy in which the content-owner and data-hider have to share a data-hiding key. In this paper, we take care of the stronger notion, called strong content-owner privacy, and achieve it by presenting a new reversible data hiding in encrypted images. In the proposed method, image decryption and message extraction are separately controlled by different types of keys, and thus such functionalities are decoupled to solve the privacy problem. At the technique level, the original image is segmented along a Hilbert filling curve. To keep image privacy, segments are transformed into an encrypted image by using random permutation. The encrypted image does not reveal significant information about the original one. Data embedment can be realized by using pixel histogram-style hiding, since this property, can be preserved before or after encryption. The proposed method is a modular method to compile some specific reversible data hiding to those in encrypted image with content owner privacy. Finally, our experimental results show that the image quality is 50.85dB when the averaged payload is 0.12bpp.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.471-485
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• 2023

As data sharing increases explosively, such information encoded in QR code is completely public as private messages are not securely protected. This paper proposes a new 'PROMISE' framework for hiding information based on the QR code projection matrix by using image segmentation without modifying the essential QR code characteristics. Projection matrix mapping, matrix scrambling, fusion image segmentation and steganography with SEL(secret embedding logic) are part of the PROMISE framework. The QR code could be mapped to determine the segmentation site of the fusion image as a binary information matrix. To further protect the site information, matrix scrambling could be adopted after the mapping phase. Image segmentation is then performed on the fusion image and the SEL module is applied to embed the secret message into the fusion image. Matrix transformation and SEL parameters should be uploaded to the server as the secret key for authorized users to decode the private message. And it was possible to further obtain the private message hidden by the framework we proposed. Experimental findings show that when compared to some traditional information hiding methods, better anti-detection performance, greater secret key space and lower complexity could be obtained in our work.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.525-537
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• 2016

Data hiding is a wide field that is helpful to secure network communications. It is common that many data hiding researchers consider improving and increasing many aspects such as capacity, stego file quality, or robustness. In this paper, we use an audio file as a cover and propose a reversible steganographic method that is modifying the sample values using modulus function in order to make the reminder of that particular value to be same as the secret bit that is needed to be embedded. In addition, we use a location map that locates these modified sample values. This is because in reversible data hiding it needs to exactly recover both the secret message and the original audio file from that stego file. The experimental results show that, this method (measured by correlation algorithm) is able to retrieve exactly the same secret message and audio file. Moreover, it has made a significant improvement in terms of the following: the capacity since each sample value is carrying a secret bit. The quality measured by peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC), and Similarity Index Modulation (SIM). All of them have proven that the quality of the stego audio is relatively high.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.2348-2365
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• 2018

QR codes as public patent are widely used to acquire the information in various fields. However, it faces security problem when delivering the privacy message by QR code. To overcome this weakness, we propose a secret hiding scheme by improving exploiting modification direction to protect the private message in QR code. The secret messages will be converted into octal digit stream and concealed to the cover QR code by overwriting the cover QR code public message bits. And the private messages can be faithfully decoded using the extraction function. In our secret hiding scheme, the QR code public message still can be fully decoded publicly from the marked QR codes via any standard QR Code reader, which helps to reduce attackers' curiosity. Experiments show that the proposed scheme is feasible, with high secret payload, high security protection level, and resistant to common image post-processing attacks.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.483-491
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• 2015

Data hiding is one of protective methods that can authenticate the completeness of digital information and protect intelligent property rights and copyright through secret communications. In this paper, we propose a data hiding method using pixel-value modular operation that has a high capacity while maintaining a good visual quality. The proposed method can embed secret data on the every pixel of a cover image by modular operation. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed method has a high capacity and good visual quality where the embedding capacity is 91,138 bytes, the PSNR is 47.94dB, and the Q index is 0.968.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.127-133
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• 2007

We propose new reversible watermarking method for images. Being reversibility, original image and watermarked message should be recovered exactly. We propose different technique for hiding data to pairs. We use new type of histogram (pair histogram), which shows frequencies of each pair in image. We use histogram shift method for data embedding to pairs. We also propose improved version of method which allow hiding data with good performance for high capacities. This algorithm has better result compare to Tian's difference expansion method based on the Haar wavelet decomposition. For proposed algorithm capacity is higher under same PSNR.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.37-42
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• 2012

Audio steganography is quite similar to the procedure of modifying the least significant bit(LSB) of image media files. The most widely used technique today is hiding of secret messages into a digitized audio signal. In this paper, I propose a new method for hiding messages from attackers, high data inserting rate is achieved. In other words, based on the LSB hiding method and digitized to change the bit position of a secret message, an encrypted stego medium sent to the destination in safe way.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1-12
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• 2016

In this paper, we propose a very efficient reversible data hiding algorithm using spatial locality and the surface characteristics of image. Spacial locality and a variety of surface characteristics are present in natural images. So, it is possible to precisely predict the pixel value using the locality and surface characteristics of image. Therefore, the frequency is increased significantly at the peak point of the difference histogram using the precisely predicted pixel values. Thus, it is possible to increase the amount of data to be embedded in image using the spatial locality and surface characteristics of image. By using the proposed reversible data hiding algorithm, visually high quality stego-image can be generated, the embedded data and the original cover image can be extracted without distortion from the stego-image, and the embedding data are much greater than that of the previous algorithm. The experimental results show the superiority of the proposed algorithm.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.78-83
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• 2009

In this paper, a novel method for data hiding into binary images is proposed. Binary image has two tones: black and white. For this reason, it is not easy to hide messages into binary images. PWLC (pair-wise logical computation) is a new method to hide message into binary images. However, it yields images of unacceptable quality and its decoding process is unclear. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, we adopt the run-length method to achieve advanced reversible data hiding. That is, we find a proper region to hide messages to reduce visual degradation. In this paper, we introduce an improved procedure to hide messages into binary images.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.3406-3418
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• 2022

Reversible data hiding is an algorithm that has ability to extract the secret data and to restore the marked image to its original version after data extracting. However, some previous schemes offered the low image quality of marked images. To solve this shortcoming, a new reversible data hiding scheme based on pixel value ordering and edge detection mechanism is proposed. In our proposed scheme, the edge image is constructed to divide all pixels into the smooth regions and rough regions. Then, the pixels in the smooth regions are separated into non overlapping blocks. Then, by taking advantages of the high correlation of current pixels and their adjacent pixels in the smooth regions, PVO algorithm is applied for embedding secret data to maintain the minimum distortion. The experimental results showed that our proposed scheme obtained the larger embedding capacity. Moreover, the greater image quality of marked images are achieved by the proposed scheme than that other previous schemes while the high EC is embedded.