• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.84-99
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• 2021

As the micro-mobility market grows, the demand for route guidance, that includes uphill information as well, is increasing. Since the climbing angle depends on the electric motor uesed, it is necessary to establish an uphill road DB according to the threshold standard. Although road alignment information is a very important element in the basic information of the roads, there is no information currently on the longitudinal slope in the road digital map. The High Definition(HD) map which is being built as a preparation for the era of autonomous vehicles has the altitude value, unlike the existing standard node link system. However, the HD map is very insufficient because it has the altitude value only for some sections of the road network. This paper, hence, intends to propose a method to generate the road longitudinal slope using currently available data. We developed a method of computing the longitudinal slope by combining the digital elevation model and the standard link system. After creating an altitude at the road link point divided by 4m based on the Seoul road network, we calculated individual slope per unit distance of the road. After designating a representative slope for each road link, we have extracted the very steep road that cannot be climbed with personal mobility and the slippery roads that cannot be used during heavy snowfall. We additionally described errors in the altitude values due to surrounding terrain and the issues related to the slope calculation method. In the future, we expect that the road longitudinal slope information will be used as basic data that can be used for various convergence analyses.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.273-286
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• 2022

An HD map is essential in the automated driving of level 4 and above to generate the vehicle's global path since it contains road information and each road's lane information. Therefore, all the road elements in the HD map must be correctly defined to construct the correct road network necessary to generate the global path. But unfortunately, it is not difficult to find various errors even in the most recent HD maps. Hence, a preprocessing algorithm has been developed to detect and correct errors in the HD map. This error detection and correction result in constructing the correct road network for use in global path planning. Furthermore, the algorithm was tested on real roads' HD maps, demonstrating its validity.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.3 no.2 s.6
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• pp.213-220
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• 1995

Map Matching is the method for correcting the current position from dead reckoning in Car Navigation System. In this paper, we proposed the new map matching algorithm that can correct the positioning error caused by sensors and digital map data around the cross road area. To do this, first we set the error boundary of the cross road area by combining the relative error of moving distance and the absolute error of road length, second, we find out the starting point of turning within the determined error boundary of the cross point area, third, we compare the turning angle of the car to the angle of each possible road, and the last, we decide the matched road. We used wheel sensor as a speed sensor and used optical fiber gyro as a directional sensor, and assembled the sensors to the notebook computer. We testified our algorithm by driving the Daejeon area-which is a part of south Korea-as a test area. And we proved the efficiency by doing that.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.14 no.1 s.35
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• pp.85-91
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• 2006

Recently, slope failures are happen to natural disastrous when they occur in mountainous areas adjoining highways in Korea. The accidents associated with slope failures have increased due to rapid urbanization of mountainous areas. Therefore, Regular maintenance is essential for all slope and needs maintenance of road safety as well as road function. In this study, we take priority of making a database of risk factor of the failure of a slope before assesment and analysis. The purpose of this paper is to recommend a standard of Slope Management Information Sheet(SMIS) like as Hazard Map. The next research, we suggest to pre-estimated model of a road slope using Logistic Regression Model.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.208-218
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• 2017

This study aims to develop the Vehicle Local Dynamic Map (V-LDM) and demonstrate its performance for providing dynamic map data efficiently to the vehicle control module. Firstly, the concept of the in-vehicle LDM has been established and then the system has been carefully designed according to the international standards. The high-precision digital map embedded in LDM has been designed to incorporate the lane-level information of road network, and the Dynamic Map protocol (DM protocol) which is a message protocol including the road data with dynamic traffic event data has been defined. The performance test of the proposed system has been conducted in the uninterrupted road section of Kyungbu expressway, showing that both of the data size and the elapsed time to finish the process are almost linearly proportional to the length of target road. Finally, it is recommended that the length of target road for DM protocol be less than 250m.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

Recent growth of the geospatial information on the web made it possible to applicate spatial data. Also, the demand for rich and latest information shows a steady growth. The need for the new service using conflation of the existing spatial databases is on the increase. The information delivery of the services using the road vector and aerial image is reached intuitionally and accurately. However, the spatial inconsistencies in map services such as Daum map, Naver map and Google map is the problem. Our approach is processed to extract the road candidate image, match the template and filter the control points pair using vector median. Finally, CNS node and link are aligned to the real road with the aerial image. The experimental results show that our approach can align a set of CNS node and link with aerial imagery for daejon, such that the completeness and correctness of the aligned road have improved about 35% compare with the original roads.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.83-91
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• 2011

The roadmap DB update for unknown roads is a very important factor for car navigation systems. In this paper, we propose a cloud computing based roadmap generation method for use between heterogeneous navigation system for unknown roads. While the drivers drive on unknown roads, the proposed method extracts the road attribute information, and then generates the metadata in an XML format that is available for the heterogeneous navigation systems in a cloud environment. The metadata is proposed to be used as a replacement for conventional proprietary roadmap formats which used by roadmap providers, which is efficient for heterogeneous navigation system providers in a cloud computing environment. Then, this metadata is provided to the roadmap DB providers through the cloud computing interfaces. With the proposed method, the roadmap DB providers update the own roadmap DB for navigation systems in real time. Therefore, the proposed method can reduce the costs of an actual traveling test and the maintenance for the roadmap DB provides. Thus, the cloud-oriented road map generation method can more efficiently update the unknown road information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.393-398
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• 2004

It is transformed map data of different coordinate system into unique system and We triedto make topographic map on non-accessible area. We transformed Russian map coordinates(Krassovsky, G-K projection) intoWGS-84, TM projection and assessed accuracy. The RMSE(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$13.67m, in North and South bearings ： ${\pm}$14.67m) using only SCP(Survey Control Point) is more accurate than that(in East and West bearings ： ${\pm}$24.26m, in North and South bearings : ${\pm}$25.32m) using SCP, intersection of road, bridge. Exterior orientation parameters are estimated using rigorous modelling and GCPs are classified with SCP, intersection of road, bridge. Rigorous modelling is performed with each classified GCP. The modelling result usingonly SCP(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$13.53m, in North and South bearings ： ${\pm}$14.22m) is more accurate than that using intersection of road(in East and West bearings ： ${\pm}$16.l1m, in North and South bearings： ${\pm}$23.85m), bridge(in East and West bearings : ${\pm}$17.21m, in North and South bearings : ${\pm}$21.82m). The results means that SCP is more accurate than intersection of road, bridge because of edit to generate map. therefore, SCP is suitable for object of GCP in paper map(1:50,000). Geographic information on non-accessible area and analysis is performed. The results of stereoscopic plotting is well matched old map data on road, railroad but, many objects are generally editted. It is possible to update on new objects(building, tributary ‥‥etc). Ability of description using SPOT-5(stereo) is more than features and items included in 1:50,000 topographic map. Therefore, it is possible to make large scale map than 1:50,000 topographic map using SPOT-5 imagery. But, there are many problems(accurate GCPs, obtain of high resolution stereoscopic satellite imagery in a period ‥‥ etc) to make topographic map on non-accessible area. It is actually difficult to solve these problems. therefore, it is possible to update 1:50,000 topographic map in part of topographic map generation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.339-344
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• 2006

Slope failures are happen to natural disastrous when they occur in mountainous areas adjoining highways in Korea. The accidents associated with slope failures have increased due to rapid urbanization of mountainous areas. Therefore, Regular maintenance is essential for all slope and conducted to maintain road safety as well as road function. In this study, we take priority of making a database of risk factor of the failure of a slope before assesment and analysis. The purpose of this paper is to recommend a standard of Slope Management Information Sheet(SMIS) like as Hazard Map. The next research, we suggest to pre-estimated model of a road slope using Logistic Regression Model.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.99-108
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• 2010

Space Syntax methodology can be quantitatively calculated spatial cognitive analysis by number of turns_ In the existing GIS-based spatial information service provide 'physical distance' due to the shortest distance as a priority. but pedestrians tends to choose the path with concerned a lot of emphasis of safety, more vitality way from the crime at night, traffic accidents, and comfort on a road. Human's 'psychological distance' may reflect the spatial information services and provided path should be. In this study, using GIS Road Data implements the axial map with idea of the linear simplification principles. Traditional axial map of the Space Syntax get the assumption from the actual traffic values by comparing the results of correlation relationship. Through these methods, the actual relationship between traffic and test values have the correlation value($R^2$= 0.5387) 50% level and was able to get the results.