• 제목/요약/키워드: Informal Exchange

검색결과 17건 처리시간 0.021초

국내 순수 인터넷 기업평가에 관한 탐색적 연구 (Valuation of Pure Internet Business : An Exploratory Study)

  • 김정욱;정승렬;이재정
    • 경영과학
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.61-71
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    • 2000
  • Due to the potential growing capability that reflects future value, the market value of internet business companies (IB) are still evaluated high although major players like Amazon continuously suffer losses. Then, how do investors valuate the potential growing capabilities given that traditional financial/accounting based valuation approaches seem to be inappropriate for IB. This study attempts to provide an answer to this issue. We, therefore, analyzed the predictability of various accounting and non-accounting variables for IB value. These include book value, net income, unique visitors, page view, reach rate, public float and institutional holdings. Because of being in infant stage and difficulties in obtaining necessary web traffic data, sample of 20 pure IB were selected from Korea Stock Exchange Market, KOSDAQ, and informal market. The results of this study showed that web traffic date had the strongest relationship with IB value. In particular, unique visitors and reach rate were found to be best predictors for IB value while page view was reasonable indicator. Interestingly, net income was not found to related to IB value. This calls for an attention to the typical characteristics of IB that my hinder the usage of traditional valuation approaches for IB. Another results revealed that none of both public float and institutional holdings was significantly associated with IB value, indicating market’s supply-demand factors were less important than traffic information.

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패션 머천다이징 교육(敎育) 방향(方向) (The Direction for Fashion Merchandising Education)

  • 전혜정
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.87-96
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    • 2000
  • Merchandiser continue to play an important role in the exchange process by providing products for consumption. Merchandisers must still understand customer demands, analyze sale trends, select and present salable products. However, due to the competitive pressures in the apparel industry and the innovations required under QR business systems, the demands placed on merchandisers are changing. The purpose of this study is to present of the direction for fashion merchandising education. The direction for fashion merchandising are education summarized as follows; 1) Merchandising technology is the systematic application of information technology and Telecomunications to planning, developing, and presenting product lines in ways that reflect social and cultural value. Statistic Methods are developed and used to analyze data arising from a wide variety of applications. 2) Merchandising technology is to practise the technical and economic aspects of apparel production. Analysis of specific apparel manufacturing and management issues such as efficient manufacturing methods. 3) Merchandising technology is to forecast fashion trend according to consumer preference. Culture influences what people purchase and how those items are used forecasting fashion trend. 4) Merchandising technology is to practise communication skills used in formal and informal organization including interviews in particular language suited to their own business and professionnal careers. 5) Merchandising technology is to planning merchandise budgets and merchandise assortments based on more diverse forms of information. 6) Merchandising technology is to use techniques related hardware and software. 7) Merchandising technology is to learn participate in internship programs.

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Democratization and Politics of Trasformismo : Explaining the 1990 Three-Party Merger in South Korea

  • Kwon, Hyeokyong
    • 분석과 대안
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    • 제1권2호
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    • pp.2-12
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    • 2017
  • Research on democratic transitions has relatively ignored the question of why some countries experience a regressive form of political pacts, while others do not. This paper develops a simple game-theoretic model to explain the phenomenon of collusive pacts in the process of democratization. Trasformismo is a term that refers to a system of political exchange based on informal clientelistic politics. The existing studies of the politics of trasformismo have emphasized the timing of industrialization and the tradition of strong state as conditions of the politics of trasformismo. However, not every late industrializers and not every strong states experienced some variants of collusive political pacts in their trajectories of democratization. In this paper, I contend that the politics of trasformismo is rather a generalizable pattern of political elites' behavior under particular circumstances. By developing a simple game theoretic model, this paper suggests the conditions under which political actors are likely to collude to a regressive form of political pacts. The model shows that the likelihood of collusion to a regressive form of political pacts is a function of a set of parameters. First, a higher level of incumbency advantage in electoral competition is likely to be associated with a higher probability of collusive political pacts. Second, a higher degree of the monopoly of political representation of political parties without a close link with a variety of societal forces is likely to induce collusive behavior among politicians. Third, the ruling party leader's expectations about the likelihood of a safe extrication are related to collusive political pacts. This paper then engages in a case study of the 1990 three-party merger in South Korea. The 1990 Korean case is interesting in that the ruling party created a new party after having merged with two opposition parties. This case can be considered a result of political maneuver in a context of democratization. The case study suggests the empirical relevance of the game-theoretic model. As the game of trasformismo and the case study of the 1990 three-party merger in South Korea have shown, the collusive political pact was neither determined by a certain stage of economic development nor by a particular cultural systems. Rather, it was a product of the art of trasformismo based on party leaders' rational calculations of the expected likelihood of taking governing power.

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대도시 주공혼재지역의 영세제조업의 존립기반: 대구시 노원동을 사례로 (Subsistence Mode of Small Manufacturing Enterprises at the Industrial Community in Taegu City.)

  • 이철우;박상민
    • 한국지역지리학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.29-49
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    • 2000
  • 본 연구는 대구시의 대표적인 주공혼재지역인 북구 노원1 2가동을 사례로 산업지역사회의 관점에서 주공혼재지역으로의 형성과정과 영세제조업체의 존립기반을 분석하였다. 연구대상지역은 1993년 준공업지역에서 준주거지역으로의 용도지역 변경을 계기로 영세 제조업체 및 관련 서비스업과 주택이 혼재하고, 생산활동과 생활활동이 공존하는 전형적인 산업지역사회로 급속하게 변모하였다. 산업지역사회 기반으로서의 영세제조업체의 핵심적 존립기반은 중소 생산자본을 중심으로 한 생산과정상의 수평적이고 역내 통합적 네트워크 생산체계와 그 보완장치로서의 사회적 네트워크를 매개로 한 산업환경으로 집약된다.

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가상대학 구현에 관한 연구 (A study on the developing and implementation of the Cyber University)

  • 최성;유갑상
    • 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 기술경영경제학회 1998년도 제13회 하계학술발표회 논문집
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    • pp.116-127
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    • 1998
  • The Necessity of Cyber University. Within the rapidly changing environment of global economics, the environment of higher education in the universities, also, has been, encountering various changes. Popularization on higher education related to 1lifetime education system, putting emphasis on the productivity of education services and the acquisition of competitiveness through the market of open education, the breakdown of the ivory tower and the Multiversitization of universities, importance of obtaining information in the universities, and cooperation between domestic and oversea universities, industry and educational system must be acquired. Therefore, in order to adequately cope wi th these kinds of rapid changes in the education environment, operating Cyber University by utilizing various information technologies and its fixations such as Internet, E-mail, CD-ROMs, Interact ive Video Networks (Video Conferencing, Video on Demand), TV, Cable etc., which has no time or location limitation, is needed. Using informal ion and telecommunication technologies, especially the Internet is expected to Or ing about many changes in the social, economics and educational area. Among the many changes scholars have predicted, the development and fixations of Distant Learning or Cyber University was the most dominant factor. In the case of U. S. A., Cyber University has already been established and in under operation by the Federate Governments of 13 states. Any other universities (around 500 universities has been opened until1 now), with the help of the government and private citizens have been able to partly operate the Cyber University and is planning on enlarging step-by-step in the future. It could be seen not only as U. S. A. trying to elevate its higher education through their leading information technologies, but also could be seen as their objective in putting efforts on subordinating the culture of the education worldwide. UTRA University in U. S. A., for example, is already exporting its class lectures to China, and Indonesia regions. Influenced by the Cyber University current in the U.S., the Universities in Korea is willing .to arrange various forms of Cyber Universities. In line with this, at JUNAM National University, internet based Cyber University, which has set about its work on July of 1997, is in the state of operating about 100 Cyber Universities. Also, in the case of Hanam University, the Distant Learning classes are at its final stage of being established; this is a link in the rapid speed project of setting an example by the Korean Government. In addition, the department of education has selected 5 universities, including Seoul Cyber Design University for experimentation and is in the stage of strategic operation. Over 100 universities in Korea are speeding up its preparation for operating Cyber University. This form of Distant Learning goes beyond the walls of universities and is in the trend of being diffused in business areas or in various training programs of financial organizations and more. Here, in the hope that this material would some what be of help to other Universities which are preparing for Cyber University, I would 1ike to introduce some general concepts of the components forming Cyber University and Open Education System which has been established by JUNAM University. System of Cyber University could be seen as a general solution offered by tile computer technologies for the management on the students, Lectures On Demand, real hour based and satellite classes, media product ion lab for the production of the multimedia Contents, electronic library, the Groupware enabling exchange of information between students and professors. Arranging general concepts of components in the aspect of Cyber University and Open Education, it would be expressed in the form of the establishment of Cyber University and the service of Open Education as can be seen in the diagram below.

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중학교 가정과 교사의 교과 관련 교내 자율장학에 대한 인식과 실태 (Middle school Home Economics teachers' perception and actual performance of self-supervision at school related to Home Economics)

  • 고미영;채정현
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.91-107
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    • 2010
  • 본 연구의 목적은 중학교 가정과 교사들의 가정교과관련 교내 자율장학에 관한 인식 및 수행실태를 알아봄으로써 가정과 교사의 가정교과관련 전문성 신장 활동을 지원하는데 필요한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 있다. 본 연구는 전국의 가정과 교사를 대상으로 이메일을 통하여 설문조사를 하였다. 회수된 질문지 150부는 SPSS/Win(Ver 10.1) 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도, 백분율, 평균, 표준편차, ANOVA, T-test로 분석되었다. 중학교 가정과 교사를 대상으로 한 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가정교과관련 교내 자율장학 인식에 대해서 대부분(88.0%)의 가정과 교사는 이 장학이 자기반성과 전문성 향상에 도움이 되므로 매우 필요하다고 인식하고 있으며, 선호하는 장학은 동료장학으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가정교과 교내 자율장학의 목표 선정 및 구체적인 계획 수립에 대해서 반 정도(50.7%)의 가정과 교사들은 이 장학의 목표 선정 및 계획 수립 과정이 가정교과협의회를 거쳐서 민주적으로 결정된다고 인식하였다. 셋째, 교내장학의 유형별 실시 횟수의 경우, 수업장학과 약식장학은 1년에 1회 정도이었고, 자체연수는 실시되지 않는 편이였다. 동료장학과 자기장학은 수시로 이루어졌다. 장학의 유형별 도움의 정도는 자기장학과 동료장학이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 장학에 도움을 얻는 분야는 장학유형에 상관없이 가정과교수방법이 가장 높게 나왔으며, 다음으로는 교과내용, 교육평가, 교육철학 순이었다. 넷째, 교장이나 교감과 동료교사의 장학에 대한 실제적 도움 정도에 대해서는 별로 도움을 받지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 동료교사와의 다양한 정보공유는 열심히 하는 편이나 아직도 22.6%에 달하는 중학교 가정과 교사들이 정보공유를 기피하는 것으로 나타났다. 반 정도(43.3%)의 가정과 교사는 교수-학습개선을 위한 수업공개자로 '모든 교사'를 꼽았다. 다섯째, 대부분(70.7%)의 가정과 교사는 가정교과관련 교내 자율장학이 잘 실행되지 않는 이유로 과중한 업무 부담으로 인한 시간 부족, 교수-학습 개선활동에 대한 부정적, 소극적 태도, 교사의 의견이 반영되지 못하는 행정위주의 장학형태, 경제적, 환경적 여건부족을 꼽았다. 대부분의 가정과 교사들은 항상 열심히 교수-학습개선을 위해 노력하는 동료교사를 장학담당자로 가장 선호하며, 교내 자율장학의 수행 후 평가방법으로는 교사 스스로 평가하는 자기 평가를 가장 선호하였다. 여섯째, 교내 자율장학 활성화를 위해서 잡무경감 및 시간적 여유, 가정교육학에 대한 확실한 철학, 2007 개정 교육과정에 적용된 실천적 문제 중심 교육과정의 인지, 다양한 지원 프로그램 제공, 도서, 자료, 도구, 장소 등 물리적 지원, 교내 가정과 동료교사가 없는 경우 관내에서 가정과 교사들과 연계, 장학담당자(교장, 교감)의 장학에 대한 적극적 지원을 요구하였다.

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첨단산업의 환경동태성이 공급체인의 결속에 미치는 영향: 유연성과 의존성의 역할 (The Effects of Environmental Dynamism on Supply Chain Commitment in the High-tech Industry: The Roles of Flexibility and Dependence)

  • 김상덕;지성구
    • 마케팅과학연구
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.31-54
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    • 2007
  • 첨단산업의 기업들은 환경의 변화에 효과적으로 대응하는 것을 기업 성패에 중요한 요인으로 여기고 있다. 하지만 첨단산업의 환경 동태성이 공급체인 구성원 간 관계 결속에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구가 부족하여, 환경 변화에 효과적인 대응을 어렵게 하고 있다. 본 연구는 첨단산업에서 환경 동태성이 공급체인의 결속에 영향을 미치는 메커니즘에 대해 규명하고 있다. 좀 더 구체적으로 말하면, 첫째, 첨단산업의 고객, 경쟁, 기술 동태성이 공급체인의 결속에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지, 둘째, 공급체인의 유연성과 의존성이 이러한 영향에 어떠한 조절효과를 가지는 지 실증하고 있다. 구조방정식 모형에 의한 가설검정 결과 첨단산업의 고객 동태성은 공급체인의 결속을 약화시켰지만 경쟁 동태성은 강화시키는 역할을 하였다. 한편 유연성과 의존성은 고객과 경쟁 동태성에 유의적인 조절 효과를 가졌다.

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