• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제77권3호
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• pp.141-144
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• 2014

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is rarely reported in patients who have normal immune function. Recently, IPA risk was reported in nonimmunocompromised hosts, such as patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and critically ill patients in intensive care units. Moreover, influenza infection is also believed to be associated with IPA among immunocompetent patients. However, most reports on IPA with influenza A infection, including pandemic influenza H1N1, and IPA associated with influenza B infection were scarcely reported. Here, we report probable IPA with a fatal clinical course in an immunocompetent patient with influenza B infection. We demonstrate IPA as a possible complication in immunocompetent patients with influenza B infection. Early clinical suspicion of IPA and timely antifungal therapy are required for better outcomes in such cases.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2013

Influenza viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans through epidemics or pandemics. Currently, two classes of anti-influenza virus drugs, M2 ion-channel inhibitors (amantadin and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivir and zanamivir), have been used for the treatment of the influenza virus infection. Since the resistance to these drugs has been reported, the development of a new antiviral agent is necessary. In this study, we examined the antiviral efficacy of the plant extracts against the influenza A/PR/8/34 infection. In vitro, the antiviral activities of the plant extracts were investigated using the cell-based screening. Three plant extracts, Thuja orientalis, Aster spathulifolius, and Pinus thunbergii, were shown to induce a high cell viability rate after the infection with the influenza A/PR/8/34 virus. The antiviral activity of the plant extracts also increased as a function of the concentration of the extracts and these extracts significantly reduced the visible cytopathic effect caused by virus infections. Furthermore, the treatment with T. orientalis was shown to have a stronger inhibitory effect than that with A. spathulifolius or P. thunbergii. These results may suggest that T. orientalis has anti-influenza A/PR/8/34 activity.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2011

Purpose: To identify factors associated with children's discriminatory attitudes towards fully recovered children who contracted the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1), in order to provide fundamental information to improve health education for children. Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from the entire 6th grade classes (N=2,323) of 11 elementary schools randomly selected from 11 school districts in the Seoul Metropolitan Area of South Korea. Questionnaires were used to assess participants' knowledge of and attitudes towards the Influenza A (H1N1) virus. Results: Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate the factors associated with children's discriminatory attitudes toward fully recovered children who had contracted the 2009 Influenza A (H1N1). Multiple regression analysis revealed that perceived risk of contracting and knowledge of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) were significant factors in predicting a child's attitude toward fully recovered Influenza A (H1N1) patients, after controlling for socioeconomic variables. Conclusion: The findings suggests that perceived risk and knowledge play important roles in formulating children's appropriate attitudes towards Novel influenza A (H1N1) patients who are fully recovered from the disease. To promote and maximize children's attitudes in this area, health education needs to be directed at children to reduce excessive concern about contracting the virus and to improve their overall health knowledge.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권7호
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• pp.364-369
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• 2021

Background: As the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak continues to evolve, it is crucially important for pediatricians to be aware of the differences in demographic and clinical features between COVID-19 and influenza A and B infections. Purpose: This study analyzed and compared the clinical features and laboratory findings of COVID-19 and influenza A and B infections in children. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the medical data of 206 pediatric COVID-19 and 411 pediatric seasonal influenza A or B patients. Results: COVID-19 patients were older than seasonal influenza patients (median [interquartile range], 7.75 [2-14] years vs. 4 [2-6] years). The frequency of fever and cough in COVID-19 patients was lower than that of seasonal influenza patients (80.6% vs. 94.4%, P<0.001 and 22.8 % vs. 71.5%, P<0.001, respectively). Ageusia (4.9%) and anosmia (3.4%) were present in only COVID-19 patients. Leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia were encountered more frequently in influenza patients than in COVID-19 patients (22.1% vs. 8.5%, P=0.029; 17.6% vs. 5.6%, P=0.013; and 13.2% vs. 5.6%, P=0.048, respectively). Both groups showed significantly elevated monocyte levels in the complete blood count (70.4% vs. 69.9%, P=0.511). Major chest x-ray findings in COVID-19 patients included mild diffuse ground-glass opacity and right lower lobe infiltrates. There were no statistically significant intergroup differences in hospitalization or mortality rates; however, the intensive care unit admission rate was higher among COVID-19 patients (2.4% vs. 0.5%, P=0.045). Conclusion: In this study, pediatric COVID-19 patients showed a wide range of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic/mild to severe illness. We found no intergroup differences in hospitalization rates, oxygen requirements, or hospital length of stay; however, the intensive care unit admission rate was higher among COVID-19 patients.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2019

전 세계적으로 가상현실(VR)의 이슈화를 따라 많은 분야에서 가상현실(VR) 기술을 접목하여 새로운 콘텐츠를 개발하고 있다. 가상현실은 가상의 공간에서도 인간이 가진 감각을 그대로 인지할 수 있도록 해주는 기술이며, 이는 현실적인 공간의 제약을 받지 않고 가상의 공간에서 사용자가 직접 체험 할 수 있다는 점에서 차세대 기술로 주목 받고 있다. 가상현실기술은 게임, 의학, 교육 등 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있으며 특히 가상현실을 활용한 시뮬레이션이 주목받고 있다. 가상현실을 활용한 시뮬레이션도 운동, 교육, 재난 모의 훈련 등 다양한 분야에서 응용되고 활용되고 있지만 바이러스 전염에 의한 질병에 관한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 조류인플루엔자 재난 대응 훈련 시뮬레이션에 대한 기술검토 및 분석연구를 진행하였다. 우리나라에서 해마다 발생하고 있는 조류인플로엔자는 매년 되풀이되지만, 정작 막아줄 수 있는 해결책이나 예방법은 아직 부족한 실정이다. 조류인플루엔자는 사회적으로 큰 파장을 일으키고 경제적으로 막대한 피해를 가져올 수 있다. 조류인플루엔자나 구제역과 같은 가축전염병은 농가에 미치는 피해 범위가 크기 때문에 사전 예방이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 제시하는 조류인플루엔자 재난 대응 시뮬레이션을 통해 예방 할 수 있는 콘텐츠를 제시하고 분석하였다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.299-307
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• 2022

본 연구는 성인 만성폐쇄성폐질환(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, COPD) 환자의 인플루엔자 접종률과 접종에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 시행하였다. 2014년부터 2018년까지 5년간의 국민건강영양조사에 참여한 대상자 중 만 40세 이상이며 폐기능 검사 판정결과 폐쇄성환기장애(FEV1/FVC<0.7)로 나타난 2,370명을 대상으로 인플루엔자 예방접종률과 접종에 미치는 영향요인을 분석하였다. 민간강영양조사 데이터를 분석한 결과 만 40세 이상 성인 COPD 환자의 인플루엔자 예방접종률은 59.2%이었으며, 예방접종에 영향을 미치는 요인은 65세 이상, 낮은 경제수준, 과거흡연자이거나 비흡연자, 최근 2년 이내 건강검진을 받은 경우이었다. COPD가 있는 성인의 예방접종률을 높이기 위하여 인플루엔자 예방접종에 영향을 주는 요인들을 고려하여 예방접종률을 높이기 위한 방안을 모색해야 할 것이다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Swine influenza (SI) is an important respiratory disease in pigs and epidemic worldwide, which is caused by influenza A virus (IAV) belonging to the family of Orthomyxoviridae. As seen again in the 2009 swine-origin influenza A H1N1 pandemic, pigs are known to be susceptible to swine, avian, and human IAVs, and can serve as a 'mixing vessel' for the generation of novel IAV variants. To this end, the emergence of swine influenza viruses must be kept under close surveillance. Herein, we report the isolation and phylogenetic study of a swine IAV, A/swine/Korea/21810/2021 (sw21810, H3N2 subtype). BLASTN sequence analysis of 8 gene segments of the isolated virus revealed a high degree of nucleotide similarity (94.76 to 100%) to porcine strains circulating in Korea and the United States. Out of 8 genome segments, the HA gene was closely related to that of isolates from cluster I. Additionally, the NA gene of the isolate belonged to a Korean Swine H1N1 origin, and the PB2, PB1, NP and NS genes of the isolate were grouped into that of the Triple reassortant swine H3N2 origin virus. The PA and M genes of the isolate belonged to 2009 Pandemic H1N1 lineage. Human infection with mutants was most common through contact with infected pigs. Our results suggest the need for periodic close monitoring of this novel swine H3N2 influenza virus from a public health perspective.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2007년도 제48회 학술심포지움 및 추계국제학술대회
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• pp.55.2-55.2
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• 2007

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• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2010

Objectives: To evaluate the policies on 2009 influenza pandemic in Korea at the end of first wave. Methods: The main policies and the estimation of these were described according to the progress of 2009 influenza pandemic. Results: The public health measures for containment were estimated to be successful in the early stage. The preparedness of antiviral agents and vaccines before the pandemic, risk-communication on pandemic influenza and policies of government including vaccines, and the education of health care worker and support of health care institutions was not enough to respond to the pandemic. Conclusions: The additional evaluation should be performed at the end of the pandemic in various aspects including health and socioeconomic effects.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.193-197
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• 2013

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) have been isolated from a wide range of domestic and wild birds. Wild birds, predominantly ducks, geese and gulls form the reservoir of AIV in nature. The viruses in wild bird populations are a potential source of widespread infections in poultry. Active surveillance for AIV infection provides information regarding AIV distribution, and global AIV surveillance can play a key role in the early recognition of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Since 2003 in Korea, there have been four H5N1 HPAI outbreaks caused by clade 2.5, 2.2 and 2.3.2. Therefore, improvement of AIV surveillance strategy is required to detect HPAI viruses effectively. This article deals with the major events establishing the role of wild birds in the natural history of influenza in Korea. We highlighted the need for continuous surveillance in wild birds and characterization of these viruses to understand AIV epidemiology and host ecology in Korea.