• 한국어병학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.389-394
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• 2023

Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is s significant viral pathogen affecting cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Korea. In this study, five monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) (IHNV-1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) were produced using purified IHNV. Reactivities of these mAbs were analyzed by western blot (WB), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). These mAbs recognized glycoprotein (69 kDa, IHNV-1), nucleocapsid protein (39 kDa, IHNV-3, 4, and 5), or phosphoprotein (27 kDa, IHNV-2) of IHNV by WB analysis. ELISA results indicated that these five mAbs were specific to IHNV without showing any cross-reactivity against other fish viruses (hirame rhabdovirus, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, and viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus). IFAT demonstrated specific fluorescence signals of IHNV-infected epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells, whereas no reactivity of normal EPC cells was observed. These mAbs can be very useful for immuno-diagnosis of IHNV infection.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.295-297
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• 2002

This experiment was done to set up the immunohistochemical detection method for infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus(IHNV) antigens in the monolayers of CHSE-214 cell cultures inoculated with IHNV. Specific identification of IHNV antigens was detected in the cytoplasms of infected cells by the use of monoclonal antibodies to glycoproteins. The specific positive signal was observed as a distinct red color. The result showed that streptavidin alkaline phosphatase immunohistochemistry specifically identified IHNV antigens in infected cultured cells.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.1074-1078
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• 2008

To investigate the antiviral activity of marine algae against fish pathogenic viruses, which are often the causes of viral disease in aquaculture, the 80% methanolic extracts of 21 species collected from the coast of Korea were screened for their in vitro antiviral activities on infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), using a flounder spleen (FSP) cell-line. Among them, Monostroma nitidum (10 ${\mu}g/mL$) exhibited the strongest inactivation on IHNV, showing a 2 log reduced virus titre as compared to the control in the determination of direct virucidal activity. In addition, Polysiphonia morrowii (100 ${\mu}g/mL$) remarkably reduced the virus titres of treated cells by 2-2.5 log, for both IHNV and IPNV, in the determination of cellular protective activity, implying the existence of substances that may modulate innate host defense mechanisms against viral infections. These results reveal that some marine algae could be promising candidates as sources of antiviral agents or as health-promoting feeds for aquaculture.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.596-616
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• 2021

A global increase in fish consumption has led to a rapid expansion of aquaculture production, which has been linked to enhancing the spread of infectious diseases. Viral diseases can cause high mortality in many cultured fish species, posing a serious threat to the aquaculture industry. Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is one of the primary threats to aquacultured salmonid species, causing huge economic losses. Since the first report in cultured sockeye salmon Oncorhynchus nerka during the 1950s in North America, IHNV has spread to other regions, including Europe, Asia, South America, and Africa by transportation of infected fish and eggs, causing disease and increasing mortality in a wide variety of salmonid species. Here, we review existing information relevant to IHNV: its phylogenetic characteristics, origin, infection history, virulence determinants, susceptible hosts, vectors, and vaccine development. This review also addresses a possible cross-species transmission of IHNV to a new host, olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, a cultured fish of economic importance in East Asian countries.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.263-263
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• 1996

Infection of fish cells with IHNV resulted in gradual increase in cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}$ concentration $([Ca^{2+}]_i)$ in CHSE, gradual decrease in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in FHM, and no significant change in RTG cells. The degree of $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase or decrease was dependent on the amount of infectious virus, and these $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ variations were maximal at 16 hours after virus infection (p. i.) in both cell lines. When the fish cells were infected with inactivated IHNV, evident variation in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ was not observed. Thus, infectivity of IHNV appears to correlate with changes in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ in virus-infected cells. These IHNV-induced $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ changes were partially blocked by cycloheximide, but not affected by cordycepin. It seems to be that virus-induced $Ca^{2+}$ variations were more related with protein synthesis than RNA synthesis. Various $Ca^{2+}$ related drugs were used in search for the mechanisms of the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, changes following IHNV infection of CHSE cells. Decreasing extracellular $Ca^{2+}$ concentration or blocking $Ca^{2+}$ influx from extracellular media inhibited the IHNV-induced increase in $[Ca^{2+}]_i$, in CHSE cells. Similar results were obtained with intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ blockers. Thus it is suggested that both the extracellular and the intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ sources are important in IHNV-induced $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ increase in CHSE cells.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.226-230
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• 1999

무지개송어 등의 연어과 어류에서 발생하는 전염성 조혈기괴사증 바이러스의 국내분리주인 IHNV-PRT 의 특성을 규명하기 위하여 IHNV-PRT 의 당단백질인 G를 암호화하고 있는 유전자의 일부를 PCR로 증폭한 후 cDNA를 클로닝하여 이들의 염기서열을 분석하였다. 이 PCR product 는 442 bp의 크기이었다. IHNV-PRT 의 G의 염기서열을 IHNV 의 다른 strain 과 비교 분석한 결과 IHNV-RB-76, IHNV-RB, IHNV-LR-73, IHNV-K, IHNV-WRAC, IHNV-SRCV, IHNV-CoI-85들의 G와 각각 95,94,94,94,93,93%의 상동성을 보였다. 그러나 넙치로부터 분리된 fish rhabdovirus 인 hirame rhabdovirus 의 G와는 81%의 사동성을 보였다. 이 결과로부터 IHNV 의 G 유전자는 비록 HRV 의 G 유전자와 유사성은 높지 않지만, IHNV 의 strain 에 관계없이 유사하다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 무지개송어의 해수면 양식장으로의 이동에 따라 나타날 수 있는 어류 병원성 바이러스의 영향을 알아보기 위해, 담수 무지개송어 유래 병원체인 infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV)와 infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV)를 사용하여 주요 해산 양식 어종인 넙치, 조피볼락, 돌돔, 참돔 및 능성어에 주사한 후 병원성 및 감염 여부를 조사하였으며, 또한 해산 양식 어종 유래 병원체인 marine birnavirus (MABV), hirame rhabdovirus (HIRRV) 및 nervous necrosis virus (NNV)를 사용하여 무지개송어에 대한 병원성 및 감염 여부를 조사하였다. IHNV와 IPNV는 주요 해산 양식 어종에 감염되는 것으로 확인되었으며, 또한 무지개송어는 해산 유래 위해 병원체인 MABV와 NNV에 감염되거나 HIRRV에 의해 폐사되는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상의 연구 결과, 해수사육 무지개송어는 어류 병원성 바이러스들에 의해 영향 받을 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.253-269
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• 1996

Infection of fish cells with IHNV resulted in gradual increase in cytosolic free Ca$\^$2+/ concentration ([Ca$\^$2+/)] in CHSE, gradual decrease in [Ca$\^$2+/] in FHM, and no significant change in RTG cells. The degree of [Ca$\^$2+/] increase or decrease was dependent on the amount of infectious virus, and these [Ca$\^$2+/] variations were maximal at 16 hours after virus infection (p. i.) in both cell lines. When the fish cells were infected with inactivated IHNV, evident variation in [Ca$\^$2+/] was not observed. Thus, infectivity of IHNV appears to correlate with changes in [Ca$\^$2+/] in virus-infected cells. These IHNV-induced [Ca$\^$2+/] changes were partially blocked by cycloheximide, but not affected by cordycepin. It seems to be that virus-induced Ca$\^$2+/ variations were more related with protein synthesis than RNA synthesis. Various Ca$\^$2+/ related drugs were used in search for the mechanisms of the [Ca$\^$2+/], changes following IHNV infection of CHSE cells. Decreasing extracellular Ca$\^$2+/ concentration or blocking Ca$\^$2+/ influx from extracellular media inhibited the IHNV-induced increase in [Ca$\^$2+/], in CHSE cells. Similar results were obtained with intracellular Ca$\^$2+/ sources are important in IHNV-induced [Ca$\^$2+/] increase in CHSE cells.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제34권1_2호
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• pp.64-68
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• 1998

한국에서 분리된 전염성 조혈괴저바이러스(infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV)인 IHNV-PRT의 특성을 규명하기 위하여 IHNV-PRT의 matrix 단백질인 M1 및 M2를 암호화하고 있는 cDNA를 클로닝하여 이들의 염기서열을 분석하였다. M1은 693 bp 크기의 open reading frame을 포함하였으며 이로부터 230개의 아미노산으로 구성된 25.9 kDa의 분자량을 가진 단백질이 합성될 수 있다. M2는 588 bp 크기의 open reading frame을 지니고 있으며 195개의 아미노산으로 구성된 21.9 kDa의 분자량을 지닌 단백질이 합성될 수 있다. IHNV-PRT의 M1과 M2의 아미노산 서열을 외국에서 분리된 IHNV들과 비교 분석한 결과 M1은 92-93%, M2는 97%의 상동성을 보였다. 이러한 사실은 IHNV의 M 단백질 유전자들은 IHNV의 strain에 관계없이 매우 보존되어 있음을 나타내준다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2000

한국에서 분리된 전염성 조혈괴저바이러스(infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus, IHNV)인 IHNV-PRT의 non-viron(NV)단백질을 암호화하고 있는 cDNA를 클로닝하여 이들의 염기서열을 분석하였다. NV는 336bpzmrl의 open reading frame을 포함하였으며 이로부터 111개의 아미노산 서열을 외국에서 분리된 IHNV들과 비교 분석한 결과 90-95%의 상동성을 보였다. 이러한 사실은 INHV의 NV단백질 유전자들은 IHNV의 strain에 관계없이 매우 보존되어 있음을 나타내준다. Northern blotting을 사용하여 NV의 발현을 측정한 결과 감염 후 20 시간분터 발현이 증가함을 확인 힐수 있었다. NV가 바이러스의 증식에 필요한지의 여부를 확인하기 위하여 바이러스 유전자의 antisense DNA를 사용하여 바이러스 증식 억제에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. Glycoprotein (G)의 antisense DNA를 처리한 경우 바이러스의 증식이 거의 억제된 반면 NV에 대한 antisense DNA를 처리한 경우 바이러스 증식에 거의 변화가 없었다. 이로부터 배양중인 세포가 있어서 NV는 증식에 필수적이지 않은 것으로 판단된다.