• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2018

Purpose: Human adenovirus infection mimics Kawasaki disease (KD) but can be detected in KD patients. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical differences between KD with adenovirus infection and only adenoviral infection and to identify biomarkers for prediction of adenovirus-positive KD from isolated adenoviral infection. Methods: A total of 147 patients with isolated adenovirus were identified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In addition, 11 patients having KD with adenovirus, who were treated with intravenous immunoglobulin therapy during the acute phase of KD were also evaluated. Results: Compared with the adenoviral infection group, the KD with adenovirus group was significantly associated with frequent lip and tongue changes, skin rash and changes in the extremities. In the laboratory parameters, higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level and presence of hypoalbuminemia and sterile pyuria were significantly associated with the KD group. In the multivariate analysis, lip and tongue changes (odds ratio [OR], 1.416; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.151-1.741; P=0.001), high CRP level (OR, 1.039; 95% CI 1.743-1.454; P= 0.021) and sterile pyuria (OR 1.052; 95% CI 0.861-1.286; P=0.041) were the significant predictive factors of KD. In addition, the cutoff CRP level related to KD with adenoviral detection was 56 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 81.8% and a specificity of 75.9%. Conclusion: Lip and tongue changes, higher serum CRP level and sterile pyuria were significantly correlated with adenovirus-positive KD.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.298-305
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• 2010

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, and risk factors for postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) after craniotomy. Methods: This study was a retrospective case-control study of 103 patients who had craniotomies between March 2007 and December 2008. A retrospective review of prospectively collected databases of consecutive patients who underwent craniotomy was done. SSIs were defined by using the Centers for Disease Control criteria. Twenty-six cases (infection) and 77 controls (no infection) were matched for age, gender and time of surgery. Descriptive analysis, t-test, $\chi^2$-test and logistic regression analyses were used for data analysis. Results: The statistical difference between cases and controls was significant for hospital length of stay (>14 days), intensive care unit stay more than 15 days, Glasgrow Coma Scale (GCS) score (${\leq}7$ days), extra-ventricular drainage and coexistent infection. Risk factors were identified by logistic regression and included hospital length of stay of more than 14 days (odds ratio [OR]=23.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]=2.53-216.11) and GCS score (${\leq}7$ scores) (OR=4.71, 95% CI=1.64-13.50). Conclusion: The results of this study show that patients are at high risk for infection when they have a low level of consciousness or their length hospital stay is long term. Nurses have to take an active and continuous approach to infection control to help with patients having these risk factors.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.5861-5865
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• 2013

We investigated the distribution of HPV genotypes in Uyghur women in Xinjiang region of China, and behavioral factors which could predispose them to HPV infection. In this cross-sectional study, women aged 15-59 years were recruited by cluster sampling method in Yutian region in 2009. Liquid-based cytology samples were analyzed centrally for HPV genotype with a linear array detector. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify behavioral risk factors for HPV infection. A total of 883 Uyghur women were recruited successfully. The prevalence of high-risk HPV and low-risk HPV were 7.25% and 1.58%, respectively; the most common HPVs were HPV16, 51, 31, 39 and 58. We found that age of first sexual intercourse was a strong predictor for HPV infection (odds ratio of 4.01 for ${\leq}15$ years versus ${\geq}25$). Having sexual partners ${\geq}3$ was the second predictor (OR 3.69, 95% CI 2.24-7.16). Cleaning the vagina after sex showed an increased risk of HPV infection (OR 2.72; 95% CI 1.98-5.13); Using the condom showed protective factors for HPV infection (OR 0.36; 95%CI0.12-0.53). HPV16, 51, 31, 39 and 58 were the priority types; the age of first sexual intercourse was identified as a major risk factor for HPV infection. Other notable risks were number of sexual partners and cleaning the vagina after sex. Changing these behavioral risk factors could help to reduce the occurrence of cervical cancer in this population.

• Perinatology
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.147-152
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• 2018

Objective: This study examines whether maternal group B Streptococcus (Streptococcus agalactiae, GBS) infection was associated with preterm births and premature neonatal outcomes. Methods: Maternal and neonatal outcomes were examined among singleton pregnant women with preterm birth (from $24^{+0}weeks$ to $36^{+6}weeks$) who were tested for GBS (n=203) during the pregnancy. Data were collected retrospectively from the medical records of women who delivered at our hospital from January 2015 to February 2017. We compared obstetrical factors (causes of preterm birth) and neonatal (gestational age at delivery, birth weight, Apgar score 1 min/5 min, hospitalization period, duration of mechanical ventilation, neonatal C-reactive protein within three days, and other complication [respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal deaths]) outcomes between GBS-infected and non-infected pregnant women. Results: There were 203 singleton pregnant women included in the study, 25 of whom were confirmed to have a GBS infection during the pregnancy. There was no difference in neonatal outcomes by GBS status. Preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM), as an obstetric factor, was associated with GBS infection (P=0.022). GBS infection raised the risk of pPROM by 3.6 times (odds ratio 3.648, 95% confidence interval 1.476-9.016, P=0.005). Conclusion: GBS infection in preterm birth was associated with pPROM but did not result in adverse neonatal outcomes. Continuous attention and evaluation of GBS infection, a major cause of neonatal sepsis and pneumonia, are needed.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2004

A method based on RNA-transcript conformation polymorphism (TCP) was tested for detection of two PVY isolates in a mixed infection. Differences in electrophoretic mobility of RNA transcripts copied from PCR products of each virus isolate enabled the distinction between the two virus isolates in a mixed infection. The identities of the RNA transcripts and hence of the infecting virus isolates were determined by annealing to reference oligonucleotides containing unique strain-specific sequences visualized by retardation of transcript mobility in gel. The ratio at which both virus isolates could be detected was as low as 1:10. The suitability of this procedure for the study of mixed virus infections is discussed.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-41
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a subsequent infection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS) virus to pigs with A. pleuropneumonia in pigs. Twenty three 7-weeks-old commercial pigs were infected with PRRS virus and/or A. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5 intratracheally. Feed conversion, clincal signs, gross and histopathological lesions and immunohistochemical findings were examined. 1. Feed conversion ratio in dual-infected pigs with PRRS virus and A. pleuropneumoniae were higher than that of single- infected pigs with PRRS virus or A. pleuropneumoniae. 2. Dual-infected pigs with PRRS virus followed by A. pleuropneumoniae showed more severe clinical signs and gross, histopathological and immunohistochemical pulmonary lesions. The results indicated that dual infections with PRRS virus and A. pleuropneumoniae caused more severe respiratory lesions and growth retardation in pigs than single infection with PRRS virus or A. pleuropneumoniae.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.533-538
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• 1983

The author made a clinical study of IIO cases of empyema thoracis who were diagnosed and treated at department of chest surgery, chosun university hospital, during the period of December 1979 through June 1983. 1. In age and sex distribution, 45 cases [41%] was under the age of 15 years, 65 cases [59%] was above the age of 15 years. The ratio of male to female was 2.6:1. 2. The predisposing factors were pneumonia 45 cases [41%] and pulmonary tuberculosis 40 cases [36.5%]. 3. The cardinal symptoms were dyspnea, chest pain, fever, cough in order. 4. Etiologic organisms were confirmed in 69% which requested in 87 cases. Staphylococcal infection were 19 cases, Streptococcal infection were 13 cases, pneumococcal infection were 11 cases. 5. In treatment of empyema, thoracentesis 4 cases, closed thoracotomy 50 cases, open drainage 29 cases, decortication 14 cases and thoracoplasty 13 cases. In children, only thoracentesis and closed thoracotomy was favorable result in treatment. 6. 103 cases were discharged with recovery and improvement but 7 cases were early discharged by their economic or personal condition without improved.

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2005

이 연구는 백강잠(B. corus)의 대량생산을 위한 B. bassiana의 효과적인 접종법을 구명하고 백강잠의 간보호 활성을 조사하기 위하여 실시하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 백강잠 대량생산을 위한 B. bassiana의 접종시험에서 포자농도를 1.0${\times}$$10^8$ spores/m/로 할 경우 접종후 고습도 처리시간에 관계없이 높은 감염율을 나타내었으나, 1.0${\times}10^7$ spores/m/의 농도에서는 감염율이 낮았다. 2. B. bassiana 종균의 보관온도 및 보관일수별 활력 검정에서 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 12일까지 보관시 감염률 90% 이상 유지하였으나, 상온($25^{\circ}C$ 내외) 보관시에는 48시간이 지나면 감염율이 급격히 저하(5% 이하)하였다. 또한 모균주 보존기간별 감염율은 $4^{\circ}C$에 12개월 보존시에도 초기값과 활력에 차이가 없었으며 감염율 역시 90% 이상으로 균보관은 $4^{\circ}C$에서 12개월까지 보관하여도 활력에는 별 차이가 없었다. 3. B. bassiana 101A의 간기능 보호활성도 측정에서 galactosamine으로 독성을 유발한 처리구에서는 물분획층에서 대조물질 silymarin과 DDB 대비 각각 43.5%, 65.7%의 간보호 회복 효과를 나타내었으며 사염화탄소($CCl_4$)로 독성을 유발한 처리구에서는 에틸아세테이트 분획층에서 대조 물질대비 각각 100%, 69.3%의 간보호 회복 효과가 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.215-222
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• 1994

요코가와흡충 감염시 장상피내 림프구(inkaepithelial Iympho%rotes: IEL)의 증감과 장 병변의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 흰쥐(Sprague-Dawley)에 피낭유충을 실험 감염시킨 다음 5일 부터 70일까지 소장 점막에서 IEL 수와 위치, V/C ratio(villus/crypt ratio; 융모/선와의 비) 등을 관찰하였다. 피낭유충은 은어(Plecoglossus altivelis)에서 획득하여 흰쥐 15마리에 각각 3,000개씩 경구 감염시켰고 동일계 흰쥐 3마리를 비감염 대조군으로 사용하였다 감염 5일, 10일, 15일, 24 일 및 70일에 각각 3마리씩 희생시킨 다음 소장 여러 부위에서 조직을 획득하여 절편으로 제작하였고, Giemsa 염색한 후, 병리학적 관찰과 함께 IEL수 및 위치의 변동을 경시적으로 관찰하였다. 응모 위축과 선와 증식. V/C ratio의 감소 등을 특징으로 하는 장병변은 감염 후 5일에서 15일 사이에 가장 심하였으며 감염 24일째부터는 점차 회복되었다. IEL은 감염 초기에 일시적으로 증가하였으나, 장병변이 진행되면서 대조군보다 감소하였다가, 장병변의 회복과 함께 다시 증가하였다 대조군에서 IEL은 대부운 장상피층의 기저부에 위치하였으나, 감염 초기에는 많은 IEL이 장상괴세포의 핵주변부와 상층부에 분포하는 점이 특이하였다 이와 같이 요코가와흡충 감염시 나타나는 IEL수 및 위치의 변동은 장병변의 진행 과정과 밀접한 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to suggest an analysis model finding the relationship between building scale characteristics of Public-use facilities and infectious disease outbreaks around senior leisure welfare facilities and the features and their scopes where quarantine resources are to be concentrated. Methods: Reviewing previous studies found the user characteristics of senior leisure welfare facilities and scale characteristics of urban architectures. The data preprocessing was performed after collecting building data and infectious disease outbreak data in the analysis area. This study derived data for attributes of building size and frequency of infectious disease outbreaks in Public-use facilities around senior leisure welfare facilities. A computing algorithm was implemented to analyze the correlation between the building size characteristics and the infectious disease outbreak frequency as per the change of the spatial scope. Results: The results of this study are as follows: First, the suggested model was to analyze the correlation between the infection frequency and the number of senior leisure welfare facilities, the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, site area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio varied as per the change of spatial scope. Second, correlation results varied between the infection frequency and the number of senior leisure welfare facilities, the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, site area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio. Third, a negative correlation appeared in the analysis between the number of senior leisure welfare facilities and infection frequency. And positive correlations appeared noticeably in the study between the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio. Implications: This study can be used as primary data on the utilization of limited quarantine resources by analyzing the relationship between the Public-use facilities around the senior leisure welfare facilities and the spread of infectious diseases. In addition, it suggests that infectious disease prevention measures are necessary considering the spatial scope of the analysis area and the size of buildings.