• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.265-270
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• 2011

Procymidone is a fungicide with anti-androgenic properties widely used to protect fruits from fungal infection, which induces an excessive reactive oxygen species production in male reproductive organs. In this study, to clarify whether procymidone affect the cellular antioxidant system of prostate at onset of puberty, gene expression patterns of the representative antioxidant enzymes such as cytoplasmic glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), phospholipid hydroperoxide GPx (PHGPx), selenoprotein P (SePP), cytoplasmic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and manganese SOD (SOD2) were investigated in the rat ventral prostates exposed to procymidone using real-time RT-PCR analyses. Seven-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats castrated at 6 weeks old were treated with procymidone (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg per day) orally for 7 consecutive days after testosterone propionate (0.4 mg/kg per day) administration by subcutaneous injection. As compared to normal control animals, GPx1 mRNA expression in prostates significantly increased by the administration with TP and/or procymidone. However, PHGPx and SOD1 mRNA levels significanatly decreased by over 25 mg/kg of procymidone treatment and SePP and SOD2 mRNA levels was significanatly reduced by over 50 mg/kg of procymidone treatment. These findings indicate that procymidone may affect the antioxidant system of prostatic cells in up-regulation mode of GPx1, but in down-regulation modes of PHGPx, SePP, SOD1, and SOD2, suggesting that procymidone may affect differently the cellular antioxidant system of prostate according to the exposure doses.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.673-677
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• 2017

The present study was performed to investigate the seroprevalence and risk factors for Dirofilaria immitis infection in cats from Liaoning province, northeastern China. From October 2014 to September 2016, sera of 651 cats, including 364 domestic cats and 287 feral cats (332 females and 319 males) were assessed. They were tested for the presence of D. immitis antigen using SNAP Heartworm RT test kit. In this population, the average prevalence was 4.5%. Age and rearing conditions (feral or domestic) were found to be associated with the prevalence of D. immitis. The prevalence was significantly higher in feral cats compared with domestic cats (8.4% vs 1.4%, P<0.01). There was no significant difference between males and females (4.7% vs 4.2%, P>0.05), but older cats (${\geq}3$ years old) showed a statistically higher prevalence compared with younger cats (<3 years old) in feral populations (16.8 vs 2.4%, P<0.01), while the difference between the age groups was not statistically significant in domestic cats (2.4% vs 0.51%, P>0.05), all these results suggest that outdoor exposure time may be one of the most important factors for D. immitis prevalence in cats. Results reveal that D. immitis are prevalence in domestic and feral cats in northeastern China, which indicates that appropriate preventive measures should be taken to decrease the incidence of feline heartworm disease in Liaoning province, northeastern China.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.156-163
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• 2017

To verify the usefulness of a steam sterilizer equipped with an electronic Bowie-Dick test system, this study was carried out using two methods, utilizing both a steam sterilizer and an electronic Bowie-Dick tester. The first method is to confirm the error detection of the chemical Bowie-Dick test pack and the electronic Bowie-Dick tester in a malfunctioning sterilizer environment. For this purpose, the Bowie-Dick test program for the steam sterilizer was used to test three types of test packs commonly used in hospitals and the electronic Bowie-Dick tester by changing the set values of temperature, time, and vacuum frequency. The second is an experiment to check the sterilizer's normal operation with the electronic Bowie-Dick tester and the usefulness of grasping the cause of the malfunction. The results showed that the sterilization temperature was the same as that of the test pack at a temperature $1{\sim}6^{\circ}C$ lower than the reference temperature of $134^{\circ}C$. In the test with the sterilization exposure time as a variable, there was a normal discoloration at a time difference of 30~90 s. In the experiment using the number of vacuum cycles, the test was correct by performing the normal discoloration only at the normal condition of 3 times. The test results of 30 hospitals were 100 failure tests by a total of 291 Bowie-Dick tests. Of these, the failure factors related to an internal temperature that the chemical test packs could not detect were the greatest, and the four factors related to temperature, including the internal temperature, were found to be 71.18% of total malfunctions. In addition, the Bowie-Dick tester was provided within 30 min after the start of the Bowie-Dick test to confirm the performance of the sterilizer and the detailed cause. A steam sterilizer equipped with an electronic Bowie-Dick test system is used to manage individual sterilizers. In the current steam sterilizer with many temperature-related errors, it is possible to check the malfunction of the temperature difference that the test pack cannot detect, and the cause of error for the sterilizer is immediately detected after the test. The steam sterilizer equipped with the electronic Bowie-Dick test system assists with infection control with accurate sterilizer performance assurance.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.764-768
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• 2006

Purpose: Parotid neoplasia are relatively frequent, representing approximately 3% of all tumors in the head and neck regions. But incomplete resection and misdiagnosis of parotid gland is followed by multiple tumor invasion, tumor recurrence, and other iatrogenic tumor formation. In patients undergoing parotidectomy for confirmed or suspected malignancy, the traditional or modified rhytidectomy incision may prove suboptimal because it does not easily lend itself to a continuous neck dissection. Similarly, patients with tumors of the anterior accessory lobe or patients with large anterior tumors may also require the modified Blair incision for adequate surgical exposure. This report serves to revisit the topic of accessory and parotid gland neoplasms to emphasize proper management, particularly the surgical aspects, so that consequences of recurrence are avoided. Methods: This is a retrospective review of our experience with two cases of parotid tumors; one accessory parotid gland neoplasm and one parotid gland neoplasm. We report the case of parotid tumor and epidermal cyst in a 54-year old male patient and the case of case of recurrent parotid tumor with local invasion in 30-year old male patient. Results: All were removed through a modified Blair incision. Pathologic report notified that One was found pleomorphic adenoma and epidermal cyst, and the other one pleomorphic adenoma with subcutenous invasion. The patients recovered well without any complication such as infection, hematoma, facial nerve palsy, and necrosis of skin flap. Patients were discharge POD#7. Patients were followed up to for 1 year and they have no sign of recurrence. Conclusions: A high index of suspicion, prudent diagnostic skills(including fine-needle aspiration biopsy, CT, US), and meticulous surgical approach are the keys to a successful management of these lesions. We experienced two cases of parotid neoplasia, in the treatment of tumor reccurence & iatrogenic tumor arising from the parotid gland and are presented with the review of literatures.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.118-123
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• 2012

Background : An area of the skull exposed by burn injury has been covered by various methods including local flap, skin graft, or free flap surgery. Each method has disadvantages, such as postoperative alopecia or donor site morbidities. Due to the risk of osteomyelitis in the injured skull during the expansion period, tissue expansion was excluded from primary reconstruction. However, successful primary reconstruction was possible in burned skull by tissue expansion. Methods : From January 2000 to 2011, tissue expansion surgery was performed on 10 patients who had sustained electrical burn injuries. In the 3 initial cases, removal of the injured part of the skull and a bone graft was performed. In the latter 7 cases, the injured skull tissue was preserved and covered with a scalp flap directly to obtain natural bone healing and bone remodeling. Results : The mean age of patients was $49.9{\pm}12.2$ years, with 8 male and 2 female. The size of the burn wound was an average of $119.6{\pm}36.7cm^2$. The mean expansion duration was $65.5{\pm}5.6$ days, and the inflation volume was an average of $615{\pm}197.6mL$. Mean defect size was $122.2{\pm}34.9cm^2$. The complications including infection, hematoma, and the exposure of the expander were observed in 4 cases. Nonetheless, only 1 case required revision. Conclusions : Successful coverage was performed by tissue expansion surgery in burned skull primarily and no secondary reconstruction was needed. Although the risks of osteomyelitis during the expansion period were present, constant coverage of the injured skull and active wound treatment helped successful primary reconstruction of burned skull by tissue expansion.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2018

This study examined the status of the laboratory biosafety of researchers in Korea during 03 Jan 2017~25 Mar 2017. Questionnaires were given out to 500 researchers working with pathogens in the laboratory of universities and institutes. According to the results, the respondents showed a high level of awareness but not compliance on the overall biosafety rules and regulations. Regarding the Biosafety facility level, 279 (55.8%) of respondents answered "know" and 221 (44.2%) of respondents answered "no". Despite the insufficient safety equipment and biosafety plans, researchers believed that appropriate safety measures could protect the workers and that their laboratories are safe. In a study involving biosafety education, 80% of the researchers had been trained in laboratory safety and 20% had never received safety education. The need for biosafety education was 66% and the satisfaction rate of education was 46%. These results suggest that the researchers already had experience in biosafety training, but they believed that continuing education is necessary. In addition, there were opinions that the most important thing to improve the biosafety status is to strengthen the training program and education system. In conclusion, it is necessary to develop a better training system for laboratory biosafety regarding the exposure risks.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.79-86
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• 2007

The aim of the present study was to determine mechanisms of corneal epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro following exposure to anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody and during infection with mycoplasma sp.. A cultured human corneal epithelial(HCE) cell line was treated with anti-FAS antibody or anti-FAS ligand antibody for 2 and 4 days. The original cell line was found to be contaminated by mycoplasma removal agent(MRA) was used to eliminate the bacterium from the cell line. MRA($0.5{\mu}{\ell}$ tissue culture medium) was added to the cell line and incubated for 1 week. The cell line underwent multiple passages in media not contaminating MRA and cells were grown to 50-80% confluency on coverslips and stained using the Hoechst stain provided in the kit to ensure mycoplasma removal. Apoptosis experiments were performed before and after mycoplasma removal. The apoptotic index of anti-FAS and anti-FAS ligand antibody on mycoplasma contaminated cell line was studied using Hoechst 33342 staining and Annexin V-FITC and Propidium Iodide Staining. In conclusion, anti-FAS antibody induces apoptosis in HCE cells in a time and concentration-dependent mechanism. Cell lines contaminated with mycoplasma have an incresed susceptibility to FAS induced apoptosis.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2009

In this study, we investigated utility of ultrasonography for urinary tract infections of infants. The results of the research is as follows : 1. The number of infants under one year old was 100 out of 122 infants who were diagnosed as a unitary infection. The ratio of males to females was 1.7 : 1. Seventy-seven infants who underwent three kinds of radiologic examinations such as kidney sonography (51%), $^{99m}TC$ DMSA-scan (42%), and VCUG (22%). 2. In comparison of correlation between kidney sonography and VCUG, the sensitivity of kidney sonography was 82% while the specificity of kidney sonography was 58%. In comparison of correlation between kidney sonography and $^{99m}TC$ DMSA-scan, the sensitivity of kidney sonography was 66% while the specificity of kidney sonography was 67%. 3. Utility of kidney sonography showed the highest efficiency when we considered pain, discomfort, a sense of shame, psychological stress when infants may undergo at the examination, side-effect of a contrast agent after the examination, and complication of exposure to radiation.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.457-464
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• 2008

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical results of implants which were installed with maxillary sinus elevation by using lateral window technique. Materials and methods: We performed the maxillary sinus elevation by lateral window technique to 87 patients who visited Dept. of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital from January, 2003 to January, 2007. When the residual bone height was from 3 mm to 7 mm, the sinus elevation and simultaneous implant installation was mostly performed. When the residual bone height was less than 3 mm, the sinus elevation was performed and the delayed implant installation was done after 5 or 6 months. No artificial membranes were used for coverage of the lateral bony window site and freeze dried fibrin sealant was applied to the grafted bone. The mean follow-up period was 28.5 months (ranged from 10 months to 48 months) Results: 1. Unilateral sinus elevations were performed in 51 patients and bilateral sinus elevations were performed in 36 patients. And the total number of sinus elevation procedure was 123 cases. 2. The sinus elevation and simultaneous implant installation was performed in 89 sinuses and 249 implants were installed. The sinus elevation and delayed implant installation was performed in 44 sinuses and 141 implants were installed. The total number of implants were 390 in 133 sinuses. The average healing period after sinus elevations was 6.1 months in delayed implant installation. 3. Only autogenous bone, autogenous bone mixing with allografts or autogenous bone mixing with xenografts were used as graft materials. 4. The average period from first surgery to second surgery was about 7.2 months. 5. Some patients complications, such as perforation of sinus membrane, swelling, infection and exposure of cover screw. Two implants were removed in the infected sinus. 6. The survival rate of implants with maxillary sinus elevation by lateral window technique was 99.5% and the success rate of implants was 95.1%. Conclusions: These results indicated that the implants which were installed with maxillary sinus elevation by lateral window technique showed high survival and success rates.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.39 no.sup2
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• pp.287-291
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• 2009

Purpose: The objective of this clinical presentation was to present a clinical case series report of socket preservation, sinus augmentation, and bone grafting using a horse-derived biomaterial. Methods: A horse-derived biomaterial was used in 8 patients for different indications including socket preservation following tooth extraction, osseous bone grafting, and sinus augementation procedures. Surgeries were performed by a well trained specialist and clinical radiographs were obtained at designated intervals. Biopsy cores of 2 ${\times}$ 8 mm prior to implant placement was obtained following a healing interval of 4 - 6 months. A clinical and histologic evaluation was performed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and biocompatibility of the biomaterial. Results: All surgeries in 8 patients were successful with uneventful healing except for one case with membrane exposure that eventually resulted with a positive outcome. Radiographic display of the healing phase during different intervals showed increased radiopacity of granular nature as the healing time increased. No signs of adverse effect or infection was observed clinically and the tissues surrounding the biomaterial seemed well-tolerated with good intentional healing. The augmented sinuses healed uneventfully suggesting in part, good biocompatibility of the biomaterial. Dental implants placed following socket preservation were inserted with high initial torque suggesting good initial stability and bone quality. Conclusions: Our results show that at least on a tentative level, a horse-derived biomaterial may be used clinically in socket preservation, sinus augmentation, bone grafting techniques with good intentional healing and positive results.