• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.70-77
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• 2007

Twelve chlorophenols (CPs) were extracted by liquid phase microextraction (LPME) from the industrial waste-water and analyzed by GC/MS. To establish the optimal conditions, species of extraction solvent, sample amount, pH of sample, salting out effect, a number of sampling and plunger movement speed were investigated. As a result, the linearities of calibaration curves ranged from 0.9913 to 0.9999, while LODs and LOQs were from 0.05 to 10.0 ng/mL except 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorophenol and pentachlorophenol. Using this method, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol confirmed from waste water at the concentration of 784 ng/mL. The method can be applicable to detect chlorophenols from industrial waste-water.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.491-501
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• 2008

The present study verifies compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity, electrical resistance,permeable ratio, and shrinkage from waste glass controlled low strength materials (WGCLSM) and early-high-strength WGCSLM specimens, by replacing the sand with waste glass percentages of 0%, 10%,20%, and 30%. This study reveals that increasing amounts of waste LCD glass incorporated into concrete increases WGCLSM fluidity and reduces the setting time, resulting in good working properties. By increasing the glass to sand replacement ratio, the compressive strength decreases to achieve low-strength effects. Furthermore, the electrical resistance also rises as a result of increasing the glass to sand replacement ratio. Early-high-strength WGCSLM aged 28 days has twice the electrical resistance compared to general WGCSLM. Early-high-strength WGCSLM aged 7 days has a higher ultrasonic pulse velocity similar to WGCSLM aged 28 days. The variation of length with age of different compositions is all within the tolerance range of 0.025%. This study demonstrates that the proper composition ratio of waste LCD glass to sand in early-high-strength WGCSLM can be determined by using different amounts of glass-sand. A mechanism for LCD optical waste glass usage can be established to achieve industrial waste minimization, resource recycling, and economic security.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.35-44
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• 2017

Disposal of municipal solid waste has become a major problem in many countries around the world. As landfill space for the disposal of ash from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) becomes scarce, numerous reports and researches address the various environmental issues about the municipal solid waste incineration waste management and other particulate matters with the range of 10 ~ 2.5. Although in many developing and industrialization countries landfill with the disposal of municipal solid waste, open incineration has become a common practice. Large municipal waste incinerators are major industrial facilities and have the potential to be significant sources of environmental pollution. Despite the significant volume reduction from incineration, waste recycling is important to ensuring the future welfare of mankind. The main goal of the present work is the physical and chemical characterization of the local incineration bottom ash towards its eventual re-utilization. In this paper, we reported the studies on physical and chemical characteristics of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash and bottom ash containing particulate matter whose particulate sizes are lower than $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$ and heavy metal were investigated.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.123-132
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• 2021

Radiological impact analyses were carried out for a near-surface radioactive waste repository at Gyeongju in South Korea. The RESRAD-ONSITE code was applied for the estimation of maximum exposure doses by considering various exposure pathways based on a land area of 2,500 ㎡ with a 0.15 m thick contamination zone. Typical influencing input parameters such as shield depth, shield materials' density, and shield erosion rate were examined for a sensitivity analysis. Then both residential farmer and industrial worker scenarios were used for the estimation of maximum exposure doses depending on exposure duration. The radiation dose evaluation results showed that 60Co, 137Cs, and 63Ni were major contributors to the total exposure dose compared with other radionuclides. Furthermore, the total exposure dose from ingestion (plant, meat, and milk) of the contaminated plants was more significant than those assessed for inhalation, with maximum values of 5.5×10-4 mSv·yr-1 for the plant ingestion. Thus the results of this study can be applied for determining near-surface radioactive waste repository conditions and providing quantitative analysis methods using RESRAD-ONSITE code for the safety assessment of disposing radioactive materials including decommissioning wastes to protect human health and the environment.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.559-571
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• 2022

Deep soil mixing, DSM technique has been widely used to improve the engineering properties of problematic soils. Due to growing urbanization and the industrial developments, disposal of brick dust poses a big problem and causes environmental problems. This study aims to use brick dust in DSM application in order to minimize the waste in brick industry and to evaluate its effect on the improvement of the geotechnical properties. Three different percentages of cement content: (10, 15 and 20%) were used in the formation of soil-cement mixture. Unlike the other studies in the literature, various percentages of waste brick dust: (10, 20 and 30%) were used as partial replacement of cement in soil-cement mixture. The results indicated that addition of waste brick dust into soil-cement mixture had positive effect on the inherent strength and stiffness of loose sand. Cement replaced by 20% of brick dust gave the best results and reduced the final setting time of cement and resulted in an increase in unconfined compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and resilient modulus of sand mixed with cement and brick dust. The findings were also supported by the microscopic images of the specimens with different percentages of waste brick dust and it was observed that waste brick dust caused an increase in the interlocking between the particles and resulted in an increase in soil strength. Using waste brick dust as a replacement material seems to be promising for improving the geotechnical properties of loose sand.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6015-6022
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• 2013

It has been known that there are large amount of nitric acid and valuable metals, copper in the plating waste solution of automobile wheel. As nitric acid and valuable metals are high price and toxic, they should be recovered for economics and environment. Plating waste was extracted with TBP diluted with kerosene. The concentration of nitric acid in aqueous phase was analyzed by titration method by NaOH solution (0.1~1.0N) and the amount of metals by ICP-MS and ICP-AES. The concentration of copper in plating waste were 76,850 mg/L. The concentration of nitric acid in plating waste was 1.02 M. After three step extraction was performed with 50% TBP, each organic phase was stripped three times with distilled water to obtain 48.1% of nitric acid. Purity of final nitric acid was over 99.9% by ICP analysis. After recovery of nitric acid, copper was extracted with various solvent extractors like PC 88A, D2EPHA, LIX 84 and ISE 106. Among these extractors, 92% of copper was recovered by ISE 106 after 1st extraction and 30% $H_2SO_4$ stripping. Copper ion was reduced with $N_2H_4$ to make metal powders, respectively.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2018

The energy recovery rate estimation method proposed through the Waste Control Act does not take into account the energy used in practice. In addition, the method for measuring a lower heating value, which is the main factor of the energy recovery rate, was carried out through a small sampling amount, and thus the representative value of the waste was not reflected. With the revised estimation method (Notification No. 2015-215 of the Ministry of Environment), the energy recovery rate should be estimated based on the actual amount of energy used, and a heat balance method was proposed as a way to estimate the lower heating value. In this study, the lower heating value was estimated for seven industrial waste incineration facilities according to the revised estimation method. All data used in the estimations were achieved from measurement instruments applied to each of the incinerators and through direct measurements taken by the operators for the purposes of calculation. As a result, the lower heating value was estimated to be about 3,404.7 kcal/kg for the seven industrial waste incineration facilities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 1999.03a
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• pp.521-528
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• 1999

As the size of our industry and population inclose, the byproducts such as municipal solid wastes, industrial wastes are in the increasing phase. The treatment of such things is rising as a social problem. Today, the final disposal of these wastes depends mostly on the landfill, and the sanitary landfill is required and designed for preventing soil and groundwater contamination. Clays have been used for a liner material of a sanitary landfill, however, the high quality clay is hard to come by and quite expensive as a lining material in our country. Using the waste lime produced abundantly every year from chemical processes was studied here, made from the proper mixing of the bentonite and the waste lime meets the regulations from the USEPA. The soil property index tests (sieve analysis, specific gravity test Atterberg limit test) were performed, and at last to confirm the sorption characteristics of the bentonite and the waste lime the sorption isotherm equilibrium test and the sorption isotherm were performed with Toluene and Ethylbenzene which are the main components of the leachate from the landfill.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.593-598
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• 2002

Recently, as industrialization is rapidly growing and the standard of life is rising, the quantities of waste glasses have been hastily increased and most of them are not recycled but abandoned. It causes some problems such as the waste of natural resources and environmental pollution. Therefore, in this study freeze-thaw resistance test was conducted to analyze the properties of concrete containing waste glasses as fine aggregates and containing industrial by-products (fly ashes, silica fumes). As a results, it was found that freeze-thaw resistance decreases as the content of waste glasses increases. Also, the content of fly ash doesn't affect to the freeze-thaw resistance, and freeze-thaw resistance decreases with tile increase of silica fume contents.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.221-243
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• 2018

Utilization of mine waste rocks and tailings in concrete as aggregates will help in sustainable and greener development. The literature shows the potential use of iron ore tailings as a replacement of natural fine aggregates. As natural sand reserves are depleting day by day, there is a need for substitution for sand in concrete. A comprehensive overview of the published literature on the use of iron ore waste and tailings and other industrial waste in concrete is being presented. The effect of various properties such as workability, compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, durability and microstructure of concrete have been presented in this paper.