• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.217-229
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• 2007

Objectives : The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of Bojangjisa-tang on anticatharsis by using mice and Guinea pigs. Methods : We observed the actions on gastrointestinal smooth muscles, on the transportability of small and large intestines and on diarrhea induced by castor oil, philocarpine, and barium chloride. Results : Bojangjisa-tang showed alleviation of the contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscles induced by acetylcholine chloride and barium chloride. The transportability of the large intestine was constrained by Bojangjisa-tang, which also showed substantial anti-cathartic effects on diarrhea induced by castor oil, philocarpine and barium chloride. Conclusion : These results demostrate that Bojangjisa-tang has advantageous effects on drug-induced diarrhea and will contribute to the development of diarrhea treatment through further related studies.

• BMB Reports
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• 제42권9호
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• pp.574-579
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• 2009

The regulatory effects of honokiol on the cellular responses of macrophages and monocytes were evaluated. Specifically, we investigated the effects of honokiol with respect to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cytotoxicity, LPS- or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-mediated morphological changes, and relevant events (FITC-dextran-induced phagocytic uptake). Honokiol blocked the LPS-induced cytotoxicity of RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, honokiol appeared to block the production of cytotoxic cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, honokiol strongly prevented the morphological changes in RAW 264.7 and U937 cells that were induced by LPS and PMA. The surface levels of marker proteins, which are up-regulated under the morphological changes of RAW264.7 and U937 cells, were also diminished. The data presented here strongly suggest that the honokiol modulates various cellular responses managed by macrophages and monocytes.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2012

In these days, the interest on medical industry is increasing around the world. This paper attempts to estimate the economic effects of the medical and measuring instrument industry through the Input-Output Analysis. Especially, 78*78 Sector Tables were used as the first analysis tool. So then, 79*79 Sector Tables adjusted were used for that industry. The main analysis tools of this study are comparing and analyzing backward and forward linkage effect, the induced effect of the self industry and other industries and the induced coefficients such as products, value-added, employee's pay, sales surplus, employment. According to the result of analysis, the medical and measuring instrument industry has great economic impacts which affects the major macroeconomic factors such as production and backward linkage effect. And the induced effects of the self medical and measuring instrument industry are significant compared to other industries in aspects of production, employee's pay and sales surplus.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1102-1106
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• 2003

In our previous work we developed the Finite Field method in order to calculate the fifth-order Raman response. The method was applied to calculate various polarization components of the two-dimensional response of liquid $CS_2$. So far, all calculations relied on the dipole-induced dipole. Accurate time-dependent density functional theory calculations have shown that this model has big discrepancies, when molecules are close together as in the liquid. We now report results of investigations on the importance of multipole and electron overlap effects on the polarizability and the fifth-order Raman response. It is shown that these collision effects, especially the induced multipoles, are crucial in the description of the fifth-order response. The impact is found to be especially pronounced for the χ_{mmzzzz}^{(5)}$response that is solely due to interaction induced effects. The calculated response will be compared with various experimental results.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.223-223
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• 1996

Effects of Panax ginseng were tested on morphine-and steroids-induced immunosuppression, focusing on mechanism and identification of active components. To investigate overall effects of morphine and ginseng total saponin (GTS) on immune system, body weight and lymphoid organ weight were measured. Morphine significantly reduced body weight, spleen/body weight, and thymus/body weight ratio. GTS, at 100mg/kg (oral), restored spleen/body weight ratio. Because morphine is known to increase corticosterone level, serum corticosterone level was measured by radioimmunoassay. Serum corticosterone was increased by morphine and it was restored to the control level by GTS 100mg/kg (oral). In vitro proliferation studies were also conducted to study the effects of ginseng on steroids-induced immunosuppression. While ginsenoside Rg$_1$ and ginseng alkaloids were effective on proliferation and dexamethasone-induced death of thymocytes, 50% ginseng ethanol extract and polysaccharides were effective on splenocytes. In vivo mprohine-induced apoptosis of thymus was partly protected by GTS.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.303-309
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• 2017

${\beta}$-sitosterol, one of phytosterols, exhibited numerous pharmacological effect including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and immune-modulating properties. This study attempted to determine the pharmacological effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on atopic dermatitis (AD). We investigated to ascertain the pharmacological effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on 2, 4-dinitrochlrobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD symptom and histamine-induced scratching behaviors in mice. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of ${\beta}$-sitosterol on the interleukin (IL)-6 levels in HaCaT cells and skin tissue of AD. The findings of this study demonstrated that ${\beta}$-sitosterol reduced AD clinical symptoms such as eczematous, erythema and dryness and serum histamine and IgE levels in DNCB-induced AD model and histamine-induced scratching behaviors in mice. Additionally, ${\beta}$-sitosterol inhibited the IL-6 expression in AD-like skin lesion and HaCaT cells. Collectively, these findings provide that ${\beta}$-sitosterol could be a therapeutic agent for skin inflammation including AD.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 2007

The effects of the alcoholic extract of Bacopa monniera (BMA) on morphine-induced pharmacological activities were studied in mice. Oral administration of the extract (40 mg/kg) significantly inhibited morphine-induced analgesic tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, hyperactivity, reverse tolerance, Dopamine receptor supersensitivity and apo-morphine-induced climbing behaviour in mice. The results of this study showed that, alcoholic extract of Bacopa monniera (BMA) exerted inhibitory effect against morphine-induced pharmacological effects, suggesting that the extract could be useful in the treatment of morphine toxicity.

• 약학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2001

Green tea catechins (GTC) and its major component, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) were studied for their protective effects against reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress. GTC and EGCG skewed the strong antioxidative effects on the lipid peroxidation of ethyl linolate with Fenton's reagent and free radical scavenging effect to DPPH radical generation. They also protected $H_2O$$_2$- or KO$_2$-induced cytotoxicity in CHL cells or mouse splenocytes. These results indicate that GTC and EGCG are capable of protecting the lipid peroxidation, flee radical generation and cytotoxicity induced by ROS. The mechanism of inhibition in ROS-induced cytotoxicity may be due to their antiofidative and free radical scavenging properties. Therefore, GTC and EGCG may be useful chemopreventive agents by protecting the free radical generation which are involved in cancer and aging.

• 대한전기학회논문지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.122-128
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• 1987

In this paper, the photo-induced of a-$Sc_{75} Ge_{25}$thin films has been investigated as a function of annealing, exposure and obliqueness. The photo-induced effect consists of photo-thermal and photo-optical effect, which the photo-optical effect increases with increasing obliqueness. As the results, these photo-induced effects are related to the creation of atomic and electronic metastable state due to the surface defects.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.232-235
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• 1997

This study was investigated to determine antimutagenic effects of enzymatic browning reaction products (PEBRPs) obtained by reaction of polyphenol compouns with oxidase extracted from potato. Catechol (Ca) PEBRPs showed the strongeest inhibitor effects with 90% inhibition on benzo-($\alpha$)-pyrene(B($\alpha$)P) induced mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA98, but he least with40% inhibition on the 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) induced mutagenesis in TA98. The strong antimutagenic activities with 80% inhibition were observed in the presence of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate of hydroquinone(HQ)-PEBRP on the B($\alpha$)P or 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole(Trp-P-1) induced mutagenesis in TA98, whereas HQ-PEBRP showed the least antimutagenic effect on 2-AF-induced mutagenesis. The addition of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$ hydroxyhydroquinone(HHQ)-PEBRP to the plate led to approximately 82% inhibitory effects on 2-AF or Trp-P-1 induced mutagenesis in TA98, whereas the least antimutagenicity was obsrved in the4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide(4-NQO) induced mutagenesis in the presence of 100$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate of HHQ-PEBRP. More than 80% inhibiton were observed in the presence of 200$\mu\textrm{g}$/plate of Pyrogalol(Py)-PEBRP on the B($\alpha$)P or Trp-P-1 induced mutagenesis in TA98, but the least with 38% inhibition on 4-NQO induced mutagenesis in TA98. The results indicate that enzymatic browing reaction products of potato have a strong modulatory effect on mutagen induced mutagenesis in TA98.