• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.67-79
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to investigate a perceived discomfort and cause of Korean elderly in various activities such as work and leisure as well as in daily activities. 120 subjects (30 female and 30 male for each age: the young and elderly) participated in the interview type of questionnaire. Each participant answered to 41 items of activities of daily living. The examination of each item was progressed with 3 steps: whether to do the activity or not, degree of activity discomfort, and the reasons or causes of discomfort. Borg's CR10 scale is used to measure the degree of discomfort of daily activities. As a result, there are differences for the proportion of performers between two age groups, except for essential activities such as individual maintenance and housekeeping. The elderly complained about their daily activities more than the young did, and the degree of discomfort of women was significantly larger than that of men with aging. There are seven items, the mean degree of discomfort of which is over three points for the elderly, and they showed significant difference between two age groups. It was the important reason that physical capacities such as muscle strength and suppleness are declined. The results showed the characteristics of Korean elderly in the whole daily activities. These will be used to understand various life styles of them and to propose a field or direction of study related to the aging.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2011

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate and review the previous researches about objective measuring fatigue caused by visual stimuli. Also, we analyze possibility of alternative visual fatigue measurement methods using facial expression recognition and gesture recognition. Background: In most previous researches, visual fatigue is commonly measured by survey or interview based subjective method. However, the subjective evaluation methods can be affected by individual feeling's variation or other kinds of stimuli. To solve these problems, signal and image processing based visual fatigue measurement methods have been widely researched. Method: To analyze the signal and image processing based methods, we categorized previous works into three groups such as bio-signal, brainwave, and eye image based methods. Also, the possibility of adopting facial expression or gesture recognition to measure visual fatigue is analyzed. Results: Bio-signal and brainwave based methods have problems because they can be degraded by not only visual stimuli but also the other kinds of external stimuli caused by other sense organs. In eye image based methods, using only single feature such as blink frequency or pupil size also has problem because the single feature can be easily degraded by other kinds of emotions. Conclusion: Multi-modal measurement method is required by fusing several features which are extracted from the bio-signal and image. Also, alternative method using facial expression or gesture recognition can be considered. Application: The objective visual fatigue measurement method can be applied into the fields of quantitative and comparative measurement of visual fatigue of next generation display devices in terms of human factor.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.781-793
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to understand the meaning and essence of the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands. Methods: This qualitative study adopted van Manen's hermeneutic phenomenological method. Study participants were 8 females whose husband had been diagnosed with HIV for longer than 6 months, who had known about their husband's infection for more than 6 months, who were in a legal or common-law marriage and were living with their husbands at the time of interview for this study, and whose HIV antibody test results were negative. Data were collected from in-depth individual interviews with the participants from May to August 2016, and from related idiomatic expressions, literature, artwork, and phenomenological references. Results: The following essential themes were identified regarding the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands: 'experiencing an abrupt change that came out of the blue and caused confusion', 'accepting one's fate and making desperate efforts to maintain one's family', 'dealing with a heavy burden alone', 'experiencing the harsh reality and fearful future', and 'finding consolation in the ordeal'. Conclusion: This study provided a holistic and in-depth understanding of the meaning and essence of the life experiences of uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands. Thus, this study recognizes these unnoticed women as new nursing subjects. Further, the present findings can be used as important basic data for the development of nursing interventions and national policy guidelines for uninfected women living with HIV-infected husbands.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2018

미국의 차터스쿨은 규제로부터 자유로우나 결과에 대해 책임지는 선택권 기반의 독립적 공립학교이다. 차터스쿨은 2017년에 출범 25주년을 맞았고 미국 공교육 지평의 하나로 그 위상이 자리를 잡았다. 그러나 단위 차터스쿨에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 이 연구의 목적은 성공적인 차터스쿨의 주요 성공요인을 분석하는데 있었다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 질적연구 접근방법을 선택하여 7차례의 심층면담을 실시하였다. 4명의 교사가 참여하였으며 반구조화된 질문지를 활용하였다. 중요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 데이튼 차터스쿨의 주요 성공요인으로는 구조적인 요인과 문화적인 요인의 조화를 꼽을 수 있었다. 둘째, 게이트웨이와 어드바이저리는 구조적인 요인의 쌍둥이 시스템으로 작동하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 한국의 교육적 상황에 시사하는 바가 크며, 교육정책적 발전을 위해 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the process of psychosocial assessment, the experience of intervention, and the improvement after the disaster that Danwon high school students survived from the sinking of the Motor Vessel (MV) Sewol in South Korea on April 16, 2014. Methods: We conducted in-depth qualitative research using individual interviews from January to February 2017. Twenty-one of 75 Danwon high school students survived by the MV Sewol disaster were studied. Two interviewers participated in the in-depth interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed through content analysis based on psychosocial assessment and intervention after the disaster. Results: Twenty-one participants were 20 years old, where 10 were male (47.62%), and 11 were female (52.38%). More than 75% of the interviewed students felt that mental health services were needed, and more than 85% required mental health assessments. Regarding psychiatric symptoms, the students reported that they suffered depression and insomnia (19.05%), anxiety (14.29%), nightmares and phobias (9.52%), and difficulties regarding concentration, aggression, and game addiction (4.76%). Conclusion: Despite survivors experiencing the same disaster, there were differences in their responses to mental health assessments and interventions experienced during the three years, and conflicting opinions were reported. In planning future evaluations and interventions, it is necessary for strategies to cope with flexibly to consider the characteristics and symptoms of the survivors while maintaining principles.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.129-148
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• 2013

이 연구의 목적은 인터넷 중독 아동이 지각하는 '아버지-자녀' 관계를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 연구자는 인터넷 중독 '위험'으로 판정받은 아동 12명과 직접 만나는 면접 방식을 선택하였다. 이는 아동들이 실생활 속에서 느끼고 경험한 아버지에 대한 느낌과 그들의 주관적인 이야기와 의미에 귀를 기울이기 위해서다. 구체적으로는, 인터넷 중독 이라고 판명된 12명의 아동을 개별적으로 30~40분씩 4회씩 만나 구조 비 구조화된 질문을 통해 심층 인터뷰를 실시, 자료를 수집하고 수집된 자료를 가지고 범주화 분석을 실시하였다. 최종적으로 아동들을 통해 발견된 '아버지- 자녀 관계'는 (1)아버지-자녀 사이 대화의 장벽이 되는 인터넷 (2)바쁜 아버지 대신 인터넷에 관심을 갖는 자녀 (3)인터넷은 아버지와의 어색함을 회피하는 도피처 (4)자녀의 인터넷 사용 통제 불능의 아버지 등이었다. 연구결과에 의거하여 인터넷 중독 아동과 그의 아버지에게 도움이 될 바람직한 아버지 행동방식을 제시하였으며 후속연구에 대해서도 제언하였다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.85-108
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• 2018

Objective: This study intended to analyze parenting characteristics, difficulties and support needs of multi-cultural families that had children under 3 years old, in order to develop their supporting resources. Methods: This study performed semi-structured interviews with 7 mothers from multi-cultural families that had their young children enrolled at child care and education centers in Gyeonggi Do. The interview data transcribed were analyzed using the successive contents analysis, and led to 4 themes and 12 sub-themes. Results: First, the mothers from multi-cultural families were married without understanding the Korean language and culture. Second, the multi-cultural mothers didn't properly respond to their children's needs in interaction and language aspects. As a result, the multi-cultural support centers and child care and education centers gave help to them. Third, in the view of the difficulties facing mothers, parenting problems caused by the lack of information concerning child education, the biased burden of parenting, and the different parenting values of Korean families were all expressed by the mothers. Fourth, regarding support needs, providing individual professional support for children and child-raising support for mothers, customized language and employment support for mothers and parenting education for fathers and family education on multi-culturalism are needed. Conclusion/Implications: Suggestions for decreasing the difficulties facing multi-cultural families that had children under 3 years old were discussed.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.763-786
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 부산지역 소속의 영재교육원을 수료한 학생들을 대상으로 과학영재교육 경험의 의미를 탐색하여 그 효과성을 보고자 하였다. 본 연구는 2001년부터 2004년까지 과학영역 영재교육원에 입학한 중등영재 7명을 대상으로 영재교육 경험에 대한 면담을 실시하고 Giorgi 분석방법으로 현상학적으로 경험의 의미를 탐색하였다. 분석 결과 과학영재교육경험이 성취면에서 7개 중심의미와 21개의 주제를 도출하였으며, 진로면에서는 5개 중심의미와 11개의 주제를 규명하였다. 영재학생들의 영재교육경험이 성취면과 진로면에서 긍정적인 효과가 나타난 것으로 분석된다. 학생들의 영재교육 경험의 의미를 토대로 앞으로의 영재교육 방향을 설정하는데 시사점을 제공해 줄 수 있을 것으로 기대해 본다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.81-94
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• 2010

This qualitative research was designed to explore the use of housing among Korean Chinese people in Harbin, China. Focusing on the use which based on the epistemology of housing adjustment, this was particularly designed to examine its cultural assimilation and acculturation on the way of life course, it employed the in-depth interview on the oral history of 5 interviewees in their 60s and 70s, individualized interviews were conducted from May 28 to 31 in 2010. Key findings were summarized as follows; 1. The free market reform in China resulted in privatization that allowed respondents to become homeowners, and the ownership was viewed as part of family asset centered upon a sense of solidarity. 2. Although homeowners in multi-story houses were responsible to decorate interior spaces, the common features in using interior spaces were found: entrance had no thresholds; kitchen was small, lack of storage cabinets, tile-flooring; washers were installed inside bathroom; and newly built apartment didn't have proper space to store Korean fermented foods. It was observed that housing adaptation outweighed housing adjustment. Those who used to live in Chinese houses with indoor-wearing-shoes or Russian houses with indoor-wearing-slippers were receptive to the use of dining table and bed, and the community heating system discouraged the use of individual electric water heater because of high electricity cost. 3. In daily life, eating habit wasn't much changed to the Chinese style, meals were shared, dish sterilizer was popular, and Kimchi fridge wasn't used. Because of the influence of the Chinese culture, such Korean traditions as ancestral rites and bedroom allocation tradition faded away, but traditional family values remained unchanged. In conclusion, Korean Chinese people experience normative housing deficits and adaptation selectively incurred. It's implied that residential design meets the needs resulting from the dual culture in terms of cultural assimilation and acculturation.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.69-83
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influenced elementary school teachers in choosing websites that support science teaching and learning. The participants of this study were four elementary school teachers. The data was collected through semi-constructed and in-depth interview. The results of the research are as follows: First, the individual factors that influenced participants to choose a website were teacher's thinking about appropriate science teaching and learning methods and teacher's lack of ability to prepare science lessons. Second, the surroundings factors were the image of the teachers using the website, the formation of consensus, belonging to the peer teachers, and students' preferences and interests. Third, participants chose a website where they could provide ideas for science lessons that are not available in textbooks and instructional materials for all subjects, and see stories and tips related to teaching career. In addition, the website was selected according to whether the developer of science instructional materials was a teacher, whether the materials uploaded on the website were up-to-date, and whether the teachers can learn by themselves to prepare for the science class. Fourth, participants considered the design and interactivity of the website and chose a website that is easy to search for information. Finally, we suggested the implications for building the websites that support science teaching and learning.