• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2012

Background: Tobacco cessation would provide the most immediate benefits of tobacco control to prevent tobacco related disease morbidity and mortality. Methods: A tobacco cessation program involving individual and group behavior therapy was implemented in three stages at a worksite. Tobacco quit rates were assessed at the end of each contact session. Results: Out of the 291 tobacco users identified, 224 participated in the tobacco cessation interventions. At the end of three interventions, 38 (17%) users had successfully quit tobacco use. Presence of clinical oral pre-cancer lesion was found to be associated with quitting (p=0.02). Also tobacco users with oral pre-cancer lesions were around three times more likely to quit than those with no lesions (OR= 2.70 95% C.I= 1.20 - 6.05). Conclusion: Cost effective multi-pronged tobacco cessation approaches, inbuilt into other occupational health and welfare activities, are acceptable and feasible to achieve long term sustainable tobacco cessation programs at worksites.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2015

In this study, the influences of aluminum and tin additions (individual and combined) on corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy have been determined. The studied alloys were fabricated by permanent mold casting method to measure the corrosion properties, a potentiodynamic test, hydrogen evolution test and immersion test were carried out in a 3.5% NaCl solution at pH 7.2. From the results of microstructure analysis, the Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy was found to be composed of ${\alpha}$-Mg and rod-like $Mg_{17}Al_{12}$ phase and the Mg-5Sn-5Al-1Zn alloy was found to be composed of ${\alpha}$-Mg, rod-like $Mg_{17}Al_{12}$ and $Mg_2Sn$ phases. In the case of the Mg-9Sn-1Zn alloy, the microstructure was composed of ${\alpha}$-Mg and eutectic $Mg_2Sn$ phase. With Sn addition (individual and combined), the corrosion resistance of the Mg alloys improved.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.326-334
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• 1986

The effects of flow interaction between adjacent sprays in twin-spray system on the spatial distribution of injected liquid (water) and drop size distribution in condensable (steam) environment were carefully observed through experiments. The spatial distribution of injected liquid in twin-spray system appears to be more uniform than the simple superposition of the spatial distributions of liquid obtained from each individual spray. Drop size distribution was obtained by using the immersion sampling technique. It was found that, in the twin-spray, the larger numbers of small drops are collected throughout the spraying region due to the increase of entrainment velocity of ambient steam compared with the case of simple superposition of each individual spray. Moreover, in the overlapped portion of the twin-spray, the drop size distribution was changed also due to the collision between large drops. As a result, the behavior of twin-spray system (and eventually multiple-spray system) can not be predicted precisely by simple superposition of the behaviors of each constituting spray. Hence, for the design of multiple spray system, the effect of flow interaction between sprays should be taken into account seriously.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.448-454
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 포텐셜 함수와 슬라이딩 모드 제어기법을 이용한 행동양식 기반의 분산형 군집비행 제어구조를 제안하였다. 군집비행 행동양식을 위해 각 개체의 상호작용을 포텐셜 함수로 표현하였으며, 군집형태를 유지하며 기준궤적을 추종하기 위해 군집중심점 제어기법을 제안하였다. 시스템의 불확실성과 임무환경에 의한 포텐셜 함수 변화에 대해 강건한 성능을 유지하기 위해 슬라이딩 모드 제어기법을 적용하여 제어기를 구성하고 안정성을 평가하였다. 또한 예상하지 못한 장애물에 대한 군집 회피기동을 위해 비행경로 수정기법을 제시하였다. 수치 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 군집비행 제어기법의 성능을 평가하였다.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.79-98
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• 2020

The majority of research on institutional theory suggests that the new institutional practices presented by national governments and expert groups is a legitimate demand by society, and that the organization is a passive actor that accepts it. However, individual organizations often perform so-called decoupling acts that run their organizations in their own way instead of following the way the system requires, despite the pressures of a strong institutional environment. In this study, the decoupling behavior of these organizations can be varied by the characteristics of the highest decision maker in the organization based on the upper-echelon theory(UET) even if there is no difference in pressure experienced by individual organizations, and their relationship is empirically analyzed among secondary educational institutions that are relatively strongly regulated by the government. According to the analysis of 192 high schools in Korea, the female principal, the younger the principal, and the higher the educational background, the more likely they are to engage in decoupling behavior that are different from the intent and content of government policies. Therefore, from the results of this study, meaningful theoretical and practical implications can be provided for researchers and managers in the field of knowledge management research.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.13-26
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• 2000

It is really hard for the material factors to basically improve quality of life, since it is the only partial means of the survival and activity of life. Development of Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials), therefore, must be concentrated on providing man with essential meaning of life, not with simply economic advantage. Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) which is formed through long passage of time in the original environments that include the climate and nature features of a special region, the representative examples are like Korea Bong-sam(a kind of genseng) of Yellow Earth etc. Unfolding the Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) by the Algorithm of Human-ware means the development for manifesting individual eigen motives and traits as subject of behavior(Gene-ware). It is because all plants, animals, inanimate objects, including Human, have evolved with their own values in the ecosystem. It was reported that a Baeksong(white pine tree), grown well up in TongEeDong, Seoul, Korea had rarely grown up during the period suppressed by Japan. By the developments of Bio-Engineering, we also found that 40% of gene base sequence of C. Elegance(a kind of worm) is identical to that of characteristic Human. In this reason, through considering common characteristics between Human and Nature, the developments of Eigen Shin-Tou-Jil(Proper Body·Earth materials) must begin with epoch for manifesting and understanding individual's Eigen motives and traits as subject of behavior(Gene-ware)

• 지역연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-60
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• 1995

The distribution of economic activity over a mutually exclusive and exhaustive categorical industry-region matrix is modeled as a composition of two random components: the probability-like share distribution of jobs and the dynamic evolution of absolute aggregates. The former describes the individual activity location choice by comparing the predicted profitability of the current industry-region pair against that of all other alternatives based on the available information on industry-specific, region specific, or activity specific attributes. The latter describes the time evolution of macro-level aggregates using a dynamic reduced from model. With the seperation of micro choice behavior and macro dynamic aggregate constraint, the usual independence and identicality assumptions become consistent with the activity share distribution, hence multi-regional industrial migration can be represented by a set of probability evolution equations in a conservative Markovian from. We call this a Micro-Macro Composition Approach since the product of the aggregate prediction and the predicted activity share distribution gives the predicted activity distribution gives the predicted activity distribution which explicitly considers the underlying individual choice behavior. The model can be applied to interesting practical problems such as the plant location choice of multinational enterprise, the government industrial ploicy to attract international firms, and the optimal tax-transfer mix to influence activity location choice. We consider the latter as an example.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.455-468
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• 2006

Smart structural systems are defined as ones that demonstrate the ability to modify their characteristics and/or properties in order to respond favorably to unexpected severe loading conditions. The performance of such a task requires a set of additional components to be integrated within such systems. These components belong to three major categories, sensors, processors and actuators. It is wellknown that all structural systems entail some level of uncertainty, because of their extremely complex nature, lack of complete information, simplifications and modeling. Similarly, sensors, processors and actuators are expected to reflect a similar uncertain behavior. As it is imperative to be able to evaluate the impact of such components on the behavior of the system, it is as important to ensure, or at least evaluate, the reliability of such components. In this paper, a system model for reliability assessment of smart structural systems is outlined. The presented model is considered a necessary first step in the development of a reliability assessment algorithm for smart structural systems. The system model outlines the basic components of the system, in addition to, performance functions and inter-relations among individual components. A fault tree model is developed in order to aggregate the individual underlying component reliabilities into an overall system reliability measure. Identification of appropriate limit states for all underlying components are beyond the scope of this paper. However, it is the objective of this paper to set up the necessary framework for identifying such limit states. A sample model for a three-story single bay smart rigid frame, is developed in order to demonstrate the proposed framework.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.327-341
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• 2020

Advanced forms of structural design (e.g., displacement-based methods) require knowledge of the non-linear force-displacement behavior of both the overall building and individual lateral load resisting elements, i.e., walls or building cores. Similarly, understanding the non-linear behaviour of the elements in a structure can also allow for a less conservative structural response to be calculated by better understanding the cracked (i.e., effective) properties of the various RC elements. Calculating the non-linear response of an RC section typically involves using 'black box' analysis packages, wherein the user may not be in complete control nor be aware of all the intricate settings and/or decisions behind the scenes. This paper introduces a user-friendly and transparent analysis program for predicting the back-bone force displacement behavior of slender (i.e., flexure controlled) RC walls, building cores or columns. The program has been validated and benchmarked theoretically against both commonly available and widely used analysis packages and experimentally against a database of 16 large-scale RC wall test specimens. The program, which is called WHAM, is written using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets to promote transparency and allow users to further develop or modify to suit individual requirements. The program is available free-of-charge and is intended to be used as an educational tool for structural designers, researchers or students.

• 휴양 및 경관연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.11-16
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• 2018

The aim of this study is to obtain basic data to set the direction for construct and managing auto campsites. A survey was conducted with users of an auto campsite located in Jangsu Nuri Park in October 2018, and 32 copies of the questionnaire were used in the analysis. Auto camping is typically undertaken for a night or two with family or friends/colleagues. The adequacy of fees and location are important factors in choosing the campsite, so it is desirable to build one in the suburbs of the city and offer it at a reasonable price. Proximity to tourist spots and convenience in using facilities are also factors that must be considered. People are generally engaged in activities such as taking walks, relaxing, and looking around campsites, and they want to enjoy various other amenities like attractions, experiences, entertainment, and active leisure options, which is why there must be facilities to support these behaviors. The first-time visitors of the campsite showed high satisfaction with its individual facilities, while repeat visitors showed high overall satisfaction, which indicates that satisfaction with individual elements did not lead to overall satisfaction.