• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2004년도 춘계 학술대회지
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• pp.294-294
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• 2004

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.393-401
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• 2009

본 연구는 직접 또는 간접 부착법으로 부착한 교정용 브라켓을 열순환 처리 후에 전단 결합 강도(shear bond strength, SBS)와 치아-접착제-브라켓 복합체의 미세 누출을 비교하기 위하여 시행하였다. 50개의 치아우식증이 없는 사람 소구치를 구하여 동등한 2개의 군으로 나누었다. 직접 부착군에서는 광중합 접착제 및 primer (Transbond XT)를 사용하였고 간접 부착군에서는 광중합 접착제와(Transbond XT) 화학중합 primer (Sondhi Rapid Set)를 사용하였다. 중합 후에 치아는 24시간 동안 증류수에 보관하였고 이후 500회 열순환 처리를 하였다. 미세누출의 평가를 위해 각 군에서 10개의 치아에 nail varnish로 추가 봉연을 실시하고 0.5% basic fuchsin에 24시간 동안 염색한 후 입체현미경으로 검경하였다. 만능시험기를 이용하여 각 군의 치아 15개로 SBS를 계측하였고 adhesive remnant index (ARI)를 평가하였다. 결과 자료는 Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test로 통계 분석하였다. 직접 부착군과 간접 부착군 사이에 SBS 및 미세누출의 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았으며 간접 부착군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 ARI 점수가 낮았다. 브라켓의 탈락은 법랑질-레진 계면에서 발생하였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 부착법의 차이는 미세누출의 양과 SBS에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제30권sup호
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• pp.6.1-6.4
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• 2015

Objectives This study is conducted to estimate the cost paid by the public suffering from disease possibly caused by chemical and to examine the effect on public health. Methods Cost-benefit analysis is an important factor in analysis and decision-making and is an important policy decision tool in many countries. Cost-of-illness (COI), a kind of scale-based analysis method, estimates the potential value lost as a result of illness as a monetary unit and calculates the cost in terms of direct, indirect and psychological costs. This study estimates direct medical costs, transportation fees for hospitalization and outpatient treatment, and nursing fees through a number of patients suffering from disease caused by chemicals in order to analyze COI, taking into account the cost of productivity loss as an indirect cost. Results The total yearly cost of the diseases studied in 2012 is calculated as 77 million Korean won (KRW) per person. The direct and indirect costs being 52 million KRW and 23 million KRW, respectively. Within the total cost of illness, mental and behavioral disability costs amounted to 16 million KRW, relevant blood immunological parameters costs were 7.4 million KRW, and disease of the nervous system costs were 6.7 million KRW. Conclusions This study reports on a survey conducted by experts regarding diseases possibly caused by chemicals and estimates the cost for the general public. The results can be used to formulate a basic report for a social-economic evaluation of the permitted use of chemicals and limits of usage.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.58-72
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• 2015

A primary concern of national R&D plans is to encourage technological development in private firms and research institutes. For effective R&D planning and program support, it is necessary to assess technological impacts that may exist both directly and indirectly among technology areas within the whole technology system; however, previous studies analyze only direct impacts among technologies, failing to capture both direct and indirect impacts. Therefore, this study proposes an approach based on decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) to identifying specific characteristics of technology areas, such as technological impact and degree of cause or effect (DCE). The method employs patent co-classification analysis to construct a technological knowledge flow matrix. Next, to capture both direct and indirect effects among technology areas, it incorporates the modified DEMATEL process into patent analysis. The method helps analysts assess the technological impact and DCE of technology areas, and observe their evolving trajectories over time, thereby identifying relevant technological implications. This study presents a case study using Korean patents registered during 2003-2012. We expect our analysis results to be helpful input for R&D planning, as well as the suggested approach to be incorporated into processes for formulating national R&D plans.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.15-25
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between (1) differences in parents' interest in their children's weight, appearance orientation, eating habits and appearance evaluation, and depression based on children's gender, and (2) the pathway to children's depression. The participants in this research included 641 fourth-grade children (300 boys and 341 girls) who participated in a Korean Survey on Obesity of Youth and Children in 2009. Data were analyzed through frequency, percentage, Pearson's correlations using SPSS 19.0 and path analysis with AMOS 7.0. The findings are as follows. First, girls demonstrated higher scores in all variables except depression when compared to boys. Second, all variables indicated a direct or indirect influence on boys' depression, and appearance orientation had the greatest total effect on boys' depression. For girls, all variables again indicated a direct or indirect influence on depression, and again appearance orientation had the greatest total effect on girls' depression. However, the pathways to depression were different based on children's gender. The implications for future studies are also discussed.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2016

The purpose of this review was to suggest practical criteria for the clinical translucency evaluation of direct esthetic restorative materials, and to review the translucency with these criteria. For the evaluation of reported translucency values, measuring instrument and method, specimen thickness, background color, and illumination should be scrutinized. Translucency parameter (TP) of 15 to 19 could be regarded as the translucency of 1 mm thick human enamel. Visual perceptibility threshold for translucency difference in contrast ratio (${\Delta}CR$) of 0.07 could be transformed into ${\Delta}TP$ value of 2. Translucency differences between direct and indirect resin composites were perceivable (${\Delta}TP>2$). Universal and corresponding flowable resin composites did not show perceivable translucency differences in most products. Translucency differed significantly by the product within each shade group, and by the shade group within each product. Translucency of human enamel and perceptibility threshold for translucency difference may be used as criteria for the clinical evaluation of translucency of esthetic restorative materials.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.857-860
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• 2009

This report examines the economic feasibility of a commercial 50,000 barrel per day direct/indirect coal liquefaction (DCL/ICL) facility to produce commercial-grade diesel and naphtha liquids from medium-sulfur bituminous coal. The scope of the study includes capital and operating cost estimates, sensitivity analysis and a comparative financial analysis. Based on plant capacity of 50,000BPD, employing Illinois #6 bituminous coal as feed coal the total capital cost appeared $3,994,858,000(DCL) and $4,942,976,000(ICL). Also, the internal rate of return of DCL/ICL appeared 13.27% and 12.68% on the base condition. In this case, coal price and sale price of products were the most influence factors. And ICL's payback period(6.8 years) was longer than DCL's (6.6 years). According to sensitivity analyses, the important factors on DCL/ICL processes were product sale price, feed coal price and the capital cost in order.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2015

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of rapid-setting polymer-modified asphalt mixtures with a high reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content. METHODS: A literature review revealed that emulsified asphalt is actively used for cold-recycled pavement. First, two types of rapid-setting polymer-modified asphalt emulsion were prepared for application to high-RAP material with no virgin material content. The quick-setting polymer-modified asphalt mixtures using two types of rapid-setting polymer-modified asphalt emulsion were subjected to the following tests: 1) Marshall stability test, 2) water immersion stability test and 3) indirect tensile strength ratio test. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS : Additional re-calibration of the RAP was needed for laboratory verification because the results of analyzing RAP aggregates, which were collected from different job sites, did not deviate from the normal range. The Marshall stability of each type of binder under dry conditions was good. However, the Type B mixtures with bio-additives performed better in the water immersion stability test. Moreover, the overall results of the indirect tensile strength test of RAP mixtures with Type B emulsions exceeded 0.7. Further research, consisting of lab testing and on-site application, will be performed to verify the possibility of using RAP for minimizing the closing of roadways.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2013

PURPOSES: This study is to investigate the Hot In-Place recycling asphalt mixture in Korea using field produced materials. METHODS: Hot In-Place reclaimed asphalt mixture was investigated to evaluate the mixture properties based on various test results such as Marshall Test, Indirect Tensile Test, TSR, and Wheel Tracking Test. These test values were compared with domestic standard specification. RESULTS: The result of the laboratory experiment indicates that the Hot In-Place Reclaimed(HIR) asphalt mixture produced at the field constrution site was satisfied all of the test criteria such as Indirect tensile test, Marshall and TSR test, and wheel tracking test. During the test, the research team found that current HIR system is required an extention of mixing time to improve quality and to reduce variation of sample to sample. Although the current HIR mixture was passed the test criteria, there is a potential capability to enhance the mixture properties as extend mixting time. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these laboratory test results, It would be concluded that domestic HIR mixture's properties were satisfied all standard specification related with evaluation of recycling asphalt mixtures. Based on this case study result, there is a chance to save construction cost and increase the usage of reclaimed asphalt concrete in the future.

• 한국소프트웨어감정평가학회 논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2021

소스코드 감정목적물의 유사성을 판단하는 경우, 양측의 비교대상 소스코드는 컴파일과 실행이 가능 해야 한다. 또한 시스템 소스의 경우에는 하드웨어와의 인터페이스가 일치하는지 확인이 되어야 한다, 그러나 현실적으로 분쟁당사자의 소스코드가 완전하지 않은 상태로 제공되는 경우가 발생하고 있다. 분쟁을 제기하는 측에서는 동작 특성이 자사의 기능과 유사하고, 출력되는 표현과 기능이 유사한 이유로 소스코드의 핵심부분이 유사한 것으로 판단하고, 감정을 요청하고 있다. 분석과정에서 소스코드의 컴파일 오류 발생 시, 감정인은 소스코드의 흐름도를 작성하고, 함수별 코드의 흐름을 추적하는 방법을 적용하게 된다. 그러나 이 방법은 간접적이고, 감정인의 주관적인 판단이 적용되어 유사성 분석결과에 객관성에 대한 다툼이 우려된다. 본 연구에서는 임베디드 시스템에 적용된 소스코드분쟁의 감정사례를 통해 검증되지 않은 소스코드 유사성 도출의 문제점과 개선 방향을 다룬다.