• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.137-147
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• 2012

GRS is an effective urban ecology restoration technique that can manage a variety of environmental functions such as ecological restoration, rainwater spill control and island heat effect from a low-impact development standpoint that can be utilized in new construction and retrofits. Recently, quantitative evaluation studies, both domestic and abroad, in the areas related to these functions, including near-earth surface climate phenomenon, heavy rainwater regulation, thermal environment of buildings, have been actively underway, and there is a trend to standardize in the form of technological standards. In particular, centered on the advanced European countries, studies of standardizing the specific insulation capability of buildings with green system that comprehensively includes the green roof, from the perspective of replacing the exterior materials of existing buildings, are in progress. The limitation of related studies in the difficulties associated with deriving results that reflect material characteristics of continuously evolving systems due in part to not having sufficiently considered the main components of green system, mechanisms of vegetation, soils. This study attempts to derive, through EnergyPlus, the effects that the vegetation-related indicators such as vegetation height, FCV, etc. have on building energy load, by interpreting vegetation and soil mechanisms through plant canopy model and using an ecological standard indicator LAI that represent the condition of plant growth. Through this, the interpretations that assume green roof system as simple heat insulation will be complemented and a more practical building energy performance evaluation method that reflects numerical methods for heat fluxes phenomena that occur between ecology restoration systems comprised of plants and soil and the ambient space.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 2015

As the cloud services, the underlying technology of the digital convergence environment, have been widely adopted in the business, personal information protection has been recognized as one of the major issues to resolve. When cloud services are used to process the personal information, the personal information protection law speculates the establishment of a contract or service level agreement(SLA). This research presents 7 privacy indicators and 13 metrics which can be included in cloud SLA, based on the analysis of related regulation and standards and the SMART(Specific, Measurable, Action-oriented, Relevant and Timely) model. The proposed indicators are examined using the Focus Group Interview method in terms of materiality and feasibility. The results show that all the proposed indicators are meaningful and useful.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze 'response time', 'peak response time' and 'overshoot value' for each muscle by applying the EMG signal to the vehicle response in ISO 7401 and to quantify the response of the driver according to vehicle characteristics by comparing vehicle characteristics and muscle responses of the driver. Background: The Open-loop test defined in international standards ISO 7401 is the only method for evaluating the performance of the vehicle. However, this test was focused only on mechanical responses, not driver's ones. Method: One skilled male driver(22 yrs. experience) was participated in this experiment to measure muscle activities of the driver in transient state. Then the seven muscle signals were applied to calculate 'response time', 'peak response time', and 'overshoot value'. Results: In the analyses of the EMG data, the effects of vehicle type and muscle were statistically significant on the 'response time' and 'peak response time'. Also, the effects of vehicle type, muscle, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'overshoot value' in this study. According to the analyses of the vehicle motion data, vehicle motion variable(LatAcc, Roll, YawVel) was statistically significant on the 'response time' and vehicle type, vehicle motion variable, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'peak response time', respectively. Conclusion: In the analyses of the 'response time' and 'overshoot value', the data of muscle activities(EMGs) was better index that could evaluate the vehicle characteristic and performance than the data of vehicle motion. In case of peak response time, both EMG and vehicle motion data were good index. Application: The EMGs data from a driver might be applicable as index for evaluation of various vehicle performances based on this study.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.30-36
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• 2015

The Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) has provided abundant resources and guidelines for a new project to become a sustainable anchor in the neighborhood. Paired with a range of checklist, LEED has strong influence on the standards for a sustainable building, and it also has played an iconic role in energy-efficient architecture. However, it is still unclear as to whether or not an LEED certified building enhances environmental benefits to its surroundings. If an LEED certification promises a baseline for an eco-friendly building, then a group of these structures should ensure significant environmental benefits to the society. This is the main question of this study, and the authors answer this hypothesis by examining the relationship of LEED certificates and their influence on outdoor temperature, especially in terms of urban heat island effect. The goal of this paper is to analyze the influence of the LEED certification on urban temperature as an indicator of sustainable architecture's regional interactions. If an LEED certificate is regarded as a strong contributor to a sustainable built environment, then a group of these certificates should result in greater benefits to society. To this extent, the authors question if there is any possible relationship between a large concentration of LEED certified sites and the temperature of their surroundings. To properly assess the research direction, Global Moran's I analysis, Local Moran's I analysis, and Hot Spot analysis are implemented to find the clustered areas of LEED certified buildings. For examining relationships between clustered area and its temperature, correlation efficients are calculated.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.533-538
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• 2018

As the use of digital radiographic system has been expanded, there are some concerns an increase about in patient of radiation dose. Therefore, International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) has been proposed a standard foe exposure index (EI). In this study, the EI was measured on human chest model using computed radiography (CR). Radiation quality used RQA5 of IEC62494-1. After acquiring the chest anterior posterior image (Chest AP) by using the phantom, the EI was obtained by applying the system response. In this study, we have analyzed the images with the detector size (Full filed ROI) and the optimized image (Fit filed ROI). The EI increased proportionally with radiation dose increase. Due to the discrete increase in pixel value, the EI showed an exponential increase. The discrete increase in noise equivalent quanta (NEQ) resulted in a discrete increase in the EI. The EI of the two images used in this study increased with increasing NEQ but showed different increments. For the measurement of the EI, IEC standards must be followed. The EI should be used as an index to evaluate the image quality for quality control of X-ray image rather than as an indicator of exposure dose. When calculating the EI, the system response should be applied depending on whether or not the grid is used. The size of the field should be obtained by including only the necessary parts.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.239-246
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• 2021

Purpose: Previous studies have reported the difference in nutritional status between South and North Korean infants and young children (IYC). Clear understanding on the nature of such differences is essential for planning food and nutrition policies and programs to prepare for a possible re-unification of the two Koreas in future. This study was undertaken to yield valid statistics comparing the nutritional status between North and South Korean IYC. Methods: Raw data obtained from the 2017 Korean National Growth Chart and the 2013-2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed to determine the comparable statistics that include weight for age z-score (WAZ), height for age z-score (HAZ) and weight for height z-score (WHZ), with data reported in the Survey Findings Report of the 2017 DRP Korea Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. The average weight and height by gender and month were estimated for North Korean IYC and calculated for South Korean IYC. SPSS analysis was applied to evaluate the acquired statistics and compare the nutritional status of South and North Korean IYC. Results: WAZ, HAZ and WHZ of North Korean IYC were observed to be lower than values obtained for South Korean IYC as well as the median values of World Health Organization Child Growth Standards across all ages. Similar patterns were observed for average height and weight. The nutritional status of North Korean IYC revealed a prevalence of highly underweight (9.3%), stunting (19.1%) and wasting (2.5%) values, and was determined to be significantly lower than values obtained for South Korean IYC (0.8%, 1.8%, and 0.7%, respectively). Conclusion: This study has yielded valid statistics that compare the nutritional status of North and South Korean IYC. Results of this study confirm the prevalence of nutritional status difference between South and North Korea.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.1133-1143
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• 2012

Currently, Many Cyber Security Centers(CSC) are established and being operated in our country. But, in the absence of indicators to evaluate activities of the Managed Security Service(MSS), We can't identify the CSC's level of overall job performance. Therefore, we can't derive strengths and weaknesses from the CSC. From these reasons, The purpose of this research is to develop an objective indicator to evaluate activities of the MSS. I studied both international and domestic Information Security Management System(ISMS) as related standards(ISO/IEC 27001, G-ISMS). Moreover, I analysed the NIST Computer Security Incident Handing Guide and the Incident Management Capability Metrics(IMCM) of Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute(SEI). The implications for this analysis and domestic hands-on experience are reflected in the research. So I developed 10 evaluation domains and 62 detail evaluation items. This research will contribute to our understanding the level of the CSC's job performance.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.192-202
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• 2021

In the past, various studies have been conducted on safety facility installation standards and road safety indices. But there are limitations in applying them to the field, such as using many survey items and variables that are difficult to use. Therefore, this study attempted to develop road safety judgment indicators considering the applicability of the research results and to prepare criteria for installing safety facilities. As part of the study, data of related systems were reviewed, and the use of variables already in use was figured out. Furthermore, the road safety judgment indicators reflecting traffic, road, and accident factors were developed through correlation and factor analysis. Later, the criteria score for determining the installation of safety facilities was derived through cluster analysis. The analyses suggested, that the installation judgment criterion score at the intersection was lower than that of the single road(crosswalk), and the road risk at the intersection was higher.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.305-319
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• 2023

This study focuses on measuring the relative wave elevation around the KSUPRAMAX-O ship and comparing it with numerical analysis results (potential and computational fluid dynamics). The relative wave elevation is a good indicator of the pressure distribution on the ship's surface, which is affected by the ship's motion, incident waves, and distributed waves. Prior to measuring the relative wave elevation, a comparative test was conducted on resistance type, capacitance type, and ultrasonic type wave probe to measure the relative wave elevation, and it was confirmed that the resistance type wave probe was suitable for measuring the relative wave elevation. A model test was performed at low speed and design speed using resistance type wave probe and compared with the results of numerical analysis result. As for the motion response, it was confirmed that the result of experiments and the result of the numerical analysis were in good agreement. The relative wave elevation showed a similar trend between the experiment and the computational fluid dynamics, but the potential analysis result showed a difference from the experiment in design speed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2024

In order to analyze the impact of fine dust generated from a construction waste intermediate processing site on the surrounding areas, diverse types of samples were collected from inside the site and surrounding areas. The impact analysis results of samples are as follows. (1) Compared to the air quality management standards by the Ministry of Environment, the concentration of fine dust within the site was 30 to 46% for PM10 and 14 to 42% for PM2.5, which was not much different from the general air quality level. (2) It was found that PM10 within the site may have a partial effect on the air quality, but when the blocking facilities in the site, wheel washing facilities at vehicle entry and exit route, and sprinkler during working were maintained, the impact on the nearby area was not high. (3) In the case of PM2.5, its concentration was influenced more by the exhaust fumes from work vehicles than fine dust generated during construction waste processing. Since the PM2.5 concentrations in the site and surrounding area were not much different from the general air quality, there was little correlation with the work impact of construction waste intermediate processing sites. (4) Pb, an indicator of heavy metal components, was within 50ng/m³ in all three sites, which was 10% of the domestic management standard and equivalent to the general air quality level. The complaints from residents in nearby areas were filed using indicators based on visual and experiential information in their daily lives, so even if the survey results of environmental impact by the construction intermediate waste processing site are lower than the standard, nearby residents can feel it better than such numerical information. Therefore, specific activities to reduce find dusts should be continuously continued.